chore: use thiserror within crates

Cargo.toml

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ members = ["crates/*"]
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
 anyhow = "1.0"
+thiserror = "1.0.58"
 duct = "0.13"
 git2 = "0.18"
 tempfile = "3.8"

crates/pop-cli/src/commands/new/pallet.rs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ impl NewPalletCommand {
 			&self.name,
 		))?;
 		set_theme(Theme);
-		let target = resolve_pallet_path(self.path.clone());
+		let target = resolve_pallet_path(self.path.clone())?;
 		let pallet_name = self.name.clone();
 		let pallet_path = target.join(pallet_name.clone());
 		if pallet_path.exists() {

crates/pop-contracts/Cargo.toml

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ edition = "2021"
 
 [dependencies]
 anyhow.workspace = true
+thiserror.workspace = true
 duct.workspace = true
 url.workspace = true
 

crates/pop-contracts/src/errors.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum Error {
+	#[error("Failed to create new contract project: {0}")]
+	NewContract(String),
+
+	#[error("IO error: {0}")]
+	IO(#[from] std::io::Error),
+
+	#[error("Failed to execute test command: {0}")]
+	TestCommand(String),
+
+	#[error("Failed to parse balance: {0}")]
+	BalanceParsing(String),
+
+	#[error("Failed to parse account address: {0}")]
+	AccountAddressParsing(String),
+
+	#[error("Failed to get manifest path: {0}")]
+	ManifestPath(String),
+
+	#[error("Failed to parse secret URI: {0}")]
+	ParseSecretURI(String),
+
+	#[error("Failed to create keypair from URI: {0}")]
+	KeyPairCreation(String),
+
+	#[error("Failed to parse hex encoded bytes: {0}")]
+	HexParsing(String),
+}

crates/pop-contracts/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 mod build;
 mod call;
+mod errors;
 mod new;
 mod test;
 mod up;

crates/pop-contracts/src/new.rs

@@ -1,30 +1,43 @@
+use crate::errors::Error;
 use contract_build::new_contract_project;
 use std::path::Path;
 
-/// Create a new smart contract at `target`
-pub fn create_smart_contract(name: String, target: &Path) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-	// In this code, out_dir will automatically join `name` to `target`,
-	// which is created prior to the call to this function
-	// So we must pass `target.parent()`
-	new_contract_project(&name, target.canonicalize()?.parent())
+pub fn create_smart_contract(name: String, target: &Path) -> Result<(), Error> {
+	// Canonicalize the target path to ensure consistency and resolve any symbolic links.
+	let canonicalized_path = target
+		.canonicalize()
+		// If an I/O error occurs during canonicalization, convert it into an Error enum variant.
+		.map_err(|e| Error::IO(e))?;
+
+	// Retrieve the parent directory of the canonicalized path.
+	let parent_path = canonicalized_path
+		.parent()
+		// If the parent directory cannot be retrieved (e.g., if the path has no parent),
+		// return a NewContract variant indicating the failure.
+		.ok_or(Error::NewContract("Failed to get parent directory".to_string()))?;
+
+	// Create a new contract project with the provided name in the parent directory.
+	new_contract_project(&name, Some(parent_path))
+		// If an error occurs during the creation of the contract project,
+		// convert it into a NewContract variant with a formatted error message.
+		.map_err(|e| Error::NewContract(format!("{}", e)))
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
 	use anyhow::{Error, Result};
 	use std::fs;
+	use tempfile;
 
 	fn setup_test_environment() -> Result<tempfile::TempDir, Error> {
-		let temp_dir = tempfile::tempdir().expect("Could not create temp dir");
+		let temp_dir = tempfile::tempdir()?;
 		let temp_contract_dir = temp_dir.path().join("test_contract");
 		fs::create_dir(&temp_contract_dir)?;
-		let result =
-			create_smart_contract("test_contract".to_string(), temp_contract_dir.as_path());
-		assert!(result.is_ok(), "Contract test environment setup failed");
-
+		create_smart_contract("test_contract".to_string(), temp_contract_dir.as_path())?;
 		Ok(temp_dir)
 	}
+
 	#[test]
 	fn test_create_smart_contract_success() -> Result<(), Error> {
 		let temp_dir = setup_test_environment()?;

crates/pop-contracts/src/test.rs

@@ -1,46 +1,65 @@
+use crate::errors::Error;
 use duct::cmd;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
-pub fn test_smart_contract(path: &Option<PathBuf>) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-	cmd("cargo", vec!["test"]).dir(path.clone().unwrap_or("./".into())).run()?;
+pub fn test_smart_contract(path: &Option<PathBuf>) -> Result<(), Error> {
+	// Execute `cargo test` command in the specified directory.
+	let result = cmd("cargo", vec!["test"])
+		.dir(path.clone().unwrap_or_else(|| PathBuf::from("./")))
+		.run()
+		.map_err(|e| Error::TestCommand(format!("Cargo test command failed: {}", e)))?;
 
-	Ok(())
+	if result.status.success() {
+		Ok(())
+	} else {
+		Err(Error::TestCommand("Cargo test command failed.".to_string()))
+	}
 }
 
-pub fn test_e2e_smart_contract(path: &Option<PathBuf>) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-	cmd("cargo", vec!["test", "--features=e2e-tests"])
-		.dir(path.clone().unwrap_or("./".into()))
-		.run()?;
+pub fn test_e2e_smart_contract(path: &Option<PathBuf>) -> Result<(), Error> {
+	// Execute `cargo test --features=e2e-tests` command in the specified directory.
+	let result = cmd("cargo", vec!["test", "--features=e2e-tests"])
+		.dir(path.clone().unwrap_or_else(|| PathBuf::from("./")))
+		.run()
+		.map_err(|e| Error::TestCommand(format!("Cargo test command failed: {}", e)))?;
 
-	Ok(())
+	if result.status.success() {
+		Ok(())
+	} else {
+		Err(Error::TestCommand("Cargo test command failed.".to_string()))
+	}
 }
 
 #[cfg(feature = "unit_contract")]
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
-	use anyhow::{Error, Result};
 	use std::fs;
+	use tempfile;
 
 	fn setup_test_environment() -> Result<tempfile::TempDir, Error> {
-		let temp_dir = tempfile::tempdir().expect("Could not create temp dir");
+		let temp_dir = tempfile::tempdir().map_err(|e| {
+			Error::TestEnvironmentError(format!("Failed to create temp dir: {}", e))
+		})?;
 		let temp_contract_dir = temp_dir.path().join("test_contract");
-		fs::create_dir(&temp_contract_dir)?;
+		fs::create_dir(&temp_contract_dir).map_err(|e| {
+			Error::TestEnvironmentError(format!("Failed to create test contract directory: {}", e))
+		})?;
 		let result =
-			crate::create_smart_contract("test_contract".to_string(), temp_contract_dir.as_path());
+			crate::create_smart_contract("test_contract".to_string(), temp_contract_dir.as_path())
+				.map_err(|e| {
+					Error::TestEnvironmentError(format!("Failed to create smart contract: {}", e))
+				})?;
 		assert!(result.is_ok(), "Contract test environment setup failed");
-
 		Ok(temp_dir)
 	}
 
 	#[test]
 	fn test_contract_test() -> Result<(), Error> {
 		let temp_contract_dir = setup_test_environment()?;
-
-		let result = test_smart_contract(&Some(temp_contract_dir.path().join("test_contract")));
-
+		// Run unit tests for the smart contract in the temporary contract directory.
+		let result = test_smart_contract(&Some(temp_contract_dir.path().join("test_contract")))?;
 		assert!(result.is_ok(), "Result should be Ok");
-
 		Ok(())
 	}
 }

crates/pop-contracts/src/utils/helpers.rs

@@ -1,33 +1,30 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Result};
+use crate::errors::Error;
 use contract_build::ManifestPath;
 use contract_extrinsics::BalanceVariant;
 use ink_env::{DefaultEnvironment, Environment};
 use std::{path::PathBuf, str::FromStr};
 use subxt::{Config, PolkadotConfig as DefaultConfig};
 
-// If the user specifies a path (which is not the current directory), it will have to manually
-// add a Cargo.toml file. If not provided, pop-cli will ask the user for a specific path. or ask
-// to the user the specific path (Like cargo-contract does)
-pub fn get_manifest_path(path: &Option<PathBuf>) -> anyhow::Result<ManifestPath> {
-	if path.is_some() {
-		let full_path: PathBuf =
-			PathBuf::from(path.as_ref().unwrap().to_string_lossy().to_string() + "/Cargo.toml");
-
-		return ManifestPath::try_from(Some(full_path));
+pub fn get_manifest_path(path: &Option<PathBuf>) -> Result<ManifestPath, Error> {
+	if let Some(path) = path {
+		let full_path = PathBuf::from(path.to_string_lossy().to_string() + "/Cargo.toml");
+		return ManifestPath::try_from(Some(full_path))
+			.map_err(|e| Error::ManifestPath(format!("Failed to get manifest path: {}", e)));
 	} else {
-		return ManifestPath::try_from(path.as_ref());
+		return ManifestPath::try_from(path.as_ref())
+			.map_err(|e| Error::ManifestPath(format!("Failed to get manifest path: {}", e)));
 	}
 }
 
-/// Parse a balance from string format
 pub fn parse_balance(
 	balance: &str,
-) -> Result<BalanceVariant<<DefaultEnvironment as Environment>::Balance>> {
-	BalanceVariant::from_str(balance).map_err(|e| anyhow!("Balance parsing failed: {e}"))
+) -> Result<BalanceVariant<<DefaultEnvironment as Environment>::Balance>, Error> {
+	BalanceVariant::from_str(balance).map_err(|e| Error::BalanceParsing(format!("{}", e)))
 }
-pub fn parse_account(account: &str) -> Result<<DefaultConfig as Config>::AccountId> {
+
+pub fn parse_account(account: &str) -> Result<<DefaultConfig as Config>::AccountId, Error> {
 	<DefaultConfig as Config>::AccountId::from_str(account)
-		.map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Account address parsing failed: {e}"))
+		.map_err(|e| Error::AccountAddressParsing(format!("{}", e)))
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]

crates/pop-contracts/src/utils/signer.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,18 @@
-use anyhow::Result;
+use crate::errors::Error;
 use contract_build::util::decode_hex;
 use sp_core::Bytes;
 use subxt_signer::{sr25519::Keypair, SecretUri};
 
 /// Create a Signer from a secret URI.
-pub(crate) fn create_signer(suri: &str) -> Result<Keypair> {
-	let uri = <SecretUri as std::str::FromStr>::from_str(suri)?;
-	let keypair = Keypair::from_uri(&uri)?;
+pub(crate) fn create_signer(suri: &str) -> Result<Keypair, Error> {
+	let uri = <SecretUri as std::str::FromStr>::from_str(suri)
+		.map_err(|e| Error::ParseSecretURI(format!("{}", e)))?;
+	let keypair = Keypair::from_uri(&uri).map_err(|e| Error::KeyPairCreation(format!("{}", e)))?;
 	Ok(keypair)
 }
+
 /// Parse hex encoded bytes.
-pub fn parse_hex_bytes(input: &str) -> Result<Bytes> {
-	let bytes = decode_hex(input)?;
+pub fn parse_hex_bytes(input: &str) -> Result<Bytes, Error> {
+	let bytes = decode_hex(input).map_err(|e| Error::HexParsing(format!("{}", e)))?;
 	Ok(bytes.into())
 }

crates/pop-parachains/Cargo.toml

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ edition = "2021"
 
 [dependencies]
 anyhow.workspace = true
+thiserror.workspace = true
 duct.workspace = true
 git2.workspace = true
 tempfile.workspace = true

crates/pop-parachains/src/errors.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+use thiserror::Error;
+use zombienet_sdk::OrchestratorError;
+
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum Error {
+	#[error("a git error occurred: {0}")]
+	Git(String),
+
+	#[error("Failed to access the current directory")]
+	CurrentDirAccess,
+
+	#[error("Failed to locate the workspace")]
+	WorkspaceLocate,
+
+	#[error("Failed to create pallet directory")]
+	PalletDirCreation,
+
+	#[error("IO error: {0}")]
+	IO(#[from] std::io::Error),
+
+	#[error("HTTP error: {0}")]
+	HttpError(#[from] reqwest::Error),
+
+	#[error("Missing binary: {0}")]
+	MissingBinary(String),
+
+	#[error("Configuration error: {0}")]
+	Config(String),
+
+	#[error("Unsupported command: {0}")]
+	UnsupportedCommand(String),
+
+	#[error("ParseError error: {0}")]
+	ParseError(#[from] url::ParseError),
+
+	#[error("Orchestrator error: {0}")]
+	OrchestratorError(#[from] OrchestratorError),
+
+	#[error("Toml error: {0}")]
+	TomlError(#[from] toml_edit::de::Error),
+
+	#[error("Anyhow error: {0}")]
+	AnyhowError(#[from] anyhow::Error),
+
+	#[error("User aborted due to existing target folder.")]
+	Aborted,
+
+	#[error("Failed to execute rustfmt")]
+	RustfmtError(std::io::Error),
+}

crates/pop-parachains/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 mod build;
+mod errors;
 mod generator;
 mod new_pallet;
 mod new_parachain;

crates/pop-parachains/src/new_pallet.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use std::{fs, path::PathBuf};
 
+use crate::errors::Error;
 use crate::{
 	generator::pallet::{
 		PalletBenchmarking, PalletCargoToml, PalletItem, PalletLib, PalletMock, PalletTests,
@@ -17,8 +18,8 @@ pub struct TemplatePalletConfig {
 pub fn create_pallet_template(
 	path: Option<String>,
 	config: TemplatePalletConfig,
-) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-	let target = resolve_pallet_path(path);
+) -> Result<(), Error> {
+	let target = resolve_pallet_path(path)?;
 	let pallet_name = config.name.clone();
 	let pallet_path = target.join(pallet_name.clone());
 	sanitize(&pallet_path)?;
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ pub fn create_pallet_template(
 }
 
 /// Generate a pallet folder and file structure
-fn generate_pallet_structure(target: &PathBuf, pallet_name: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+fn generate_pallet_structure(target: &PathBuf, pallet_name: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
 	use fs::{create_dir, File};
 	let (pallet, src) = (target.join(pallet_name), target.join(pallet_name.to_string() + "/src"));
 	create_dir(&pallet)?;
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ fn render_pallet(
 	pallet_name: String,
 	config: TemplatePalletConfig,
 	pallet_path: &PathBuf,
-) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+) -> Result<(), Error> {
 	let pallet_name = pallet_name.replace('-', "_");
 	// Todo `module` must be of the form Template if pallet_name : `pallet_template`
 	let pallet: Vec<Box<dyn PalletItem>> = vec![