Implementing a Basic 2D Physics Engine with Visual Output

Scenario:

Implement a simplified 2D physics engine in Python using [Specify library, e.g., Pygame, Turtle, or a web-based canvas library like p5.js if applicable] to visually simulate the motion of multiple objects under the influence of gravity and collisions.

Requirements:

1. Object Representation:

   • Create a class or data structure to represent 2D objects with properties such as position, velocity, mass, and size.

2. Gravity Simulation:

   • Implement a function or method that updates the velocity of each object based on a constant downward gravitational force.

3. Collision Detection:

   • Implement a function or method to detect collisions between objects (e.g., using simple circle collision detection or bounding box collision).

4. Collision Response:

   • When a collision is detected, update the velocities of the colliding objects to simulate a simple elastic collision (e.g., using momentum conservation).

5. Visual Output:

   • Use [Specify library] to visually represent the objects and their motion. Display the objects as circles or simple shapes.

6. Animation Loop:

   • Create an animation loop that updates the object positions based on their velocities, applies gravity, detects collisions, and renders the objects on the screen.

7. Multiple Objects:

   • Simulate the motion of at least three objects with different initial positions and velocities.

8. Boundary Conditions:

   • Implement boundary conditions, such as bouncing off the edges of the screen or a simple floor.

9. Clear Comments:

   • Add comments to explain the physics, collision detection, and rendering logic.

Evaluation:

The solution will be evaluated based on:

• The accuracy and realism of the physics simulation.
• The correctness of the collision detection and response.
• The smoothness and visual clarity of the animation.
• The organization and readability of the code.
• The inclusion of clear comments.

Optional Enhancements:

• Allow the user to interact with the simulation (e.g., adding or removing objects, changing gravity).
• Implement more advanced collision detection (e.g., polygon collisions).
• Add different types of forces (e.g., wind, friction).
• Implement a simple particle system.

Note:

• If you are using a library that requires specific setup or dependencies, please include the necessary installation instructions and example code for setting up the environment.