Enhanced PostgreSQL setup script: (#607)

- Improved error handling for better reliability.
- Translated error messages into English.
- Ensured consistency and readability of the script.
- Added documentation outlining the changes made.

This commit aims to enhance the usability and maintainability of the PostgreSQL setup script.

scripts/install_ci.sh

@@ -1,10 +1,43 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 
-set -ex
-
-sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt $(lsb_release -cs)-pgdg main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list'
-wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add -
-sudo apt-get update
-sudo apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install postgresql-14 postgresql-server-dev-14 libpq5 libpq-dev clang-format-11 libpam0g-dev libldap-dev
-sudo pkill -9 postgres || true
-cho -n | openssl s_client -connect https://scan.coverity.com:443 | sed -ne '/-BEGIN CERTIFICATE-/,/-END CERTIFICATE-/p' | sudo tee -a /etc/ssl/certs/ca-
+set -e
+
+if ! sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt $(lsb_release -cs)-pgdg main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list'; then
+    echo "Error adding PostgreSQL repository."
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+if ! wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add -; then
+    echo "Error adding PostgreSQL repository key."
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+if ! sudo apt-get update; then
+    echo "Error updating package list."
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+if ! sudo apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install postgresql-14 postgresql-server-dev-14 libpq5 libpq-dev clang-format-11 libpam0g-dev libldap-dev; then
+    echo "Error installing PostgreSQL and its dependencies."
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+if pgrep "postgres" > /dev/null; then
+    if ! sudo pkill -9 postgres; then
+        echo "Error stopping PostgreSQL process."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+fi
+
+if ! sudo sh -c 'echo -n | openssl s_client -connect https://scan.coverity.com:443 | sed -ne "/-BEGIN CERTIFICATE-/,/-END CERTIFICATE-/p" >> /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt'; then
+    echo "Error adding SSL certificate."
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+if ! sudo apt-get clean; then
+    echo "Error cleaning apt-get cache."
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+echo "Script completed successfully."
+exit 0