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main.cpp

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+#include "serialassistant.h"
+#include <QApplication>
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+    QApplication a(argc, argv);
+    SerialAssistant w;  // 注意这里使用大写的 SerialAssistant
+    w.show();
+    return a.exec();
+}

serialassistant.cpp

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+#include "serialassistant.h"
+#include "ui_serialassistant.h"
+#include <QMessageBox>
+#include <QDateTime>
+#include <QDebug>
+
+// 定义静态成员：增加头尾效验
+const QByteArray SerialAssistant::START_DELIMITER = QByteArray::fromHex("AABB");
+const QByteArray SerialAssistant::END_DELIMITER = QByteArray::fromHex("CCDD");
+
+// 在构造函数中打开日志文件
+SerialAssistant::SerialAssistant(QWidget *parent)
+    : QMainWindow(parent)
+    , ui(new Ui::SerialAssistant)
+    , totalSentBytes(0)
+    , totalReceivedBytes(0)
+    , totalPacketsSent(0)
+    , totalPacketsReceived(0)
+    , lostPackets(0)
+    , logFile("packet_log.txt")
+{
+    ui->setupUi(this); // 设置UI
+    serial = new QSerialPort(this); // 创建QSerialPort对象
+    initSerialPort(); // 初始化串口设置
+
+    connect(serial, &QSerialPort::readyRead, this, &SerialAssistant::readData); // 连接readyRead信号到readData槽
+
+    // 添加状态标签到状态栏
+    statusBar()->addPermanentWidget(ui->packetLossLabel);
+    statusBar()->addPermanentWidget(ui->totalSentLabel);
+    statusBar()->addPermanentWidget(ui->totalReceivedLabel);
+
+    updateStatusBar(); // 更新状态栏
+
+    // 打开日志文件进行写入
+    if (!logFile.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly | QIODevice::Append | QIODevice::Text)) {
+        QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("错误"), tr("无法打开日志文件!"));
+    } else {
+        logStream.setDevice(&logFile); // 设置日志流的设备为日志文件
+    }
+}
+
+// 析构函数，关闭日志文件
+SerialAssistant::~SerialAssistant()
+{
+    delete ui;
+    logFile.close();
+}
+
+// 初始化串口设置
+void SerialAssistant::initSerialPort()
+{
+    updatePortList(); // 更新可用的串口列表
+
+    // 添加波特率选项
+    ui->baudRateCombo->addItem(QStringLiteral("115200"), QSerialPort::Baud115200);
+    ui->baudRateCombo->addItem(QStringLiteral("9600"), QSerialPort::Baud9600);
+
+
+    // 添加数据位选项
+    ui->dataBitsCombo->addItem(QStringLiteral("8"), QSerialPort::Data8);
+    ui->dataBitsCombo->addItem(QStringLiteral("7"), QSerialPort::Data7);
+
+    // 添加校验位选项
+    ui->parityCombo->addItem(QStringLiteral("None"), QSerialPort::NoParity);
+    ui->parityCombo->addItem(QStringLiteral("Even"), QSerialPort::EvenParity);
+    ui->parityCombo->addItem(QStringLiteral("Odd"), QSerialPort::OddParity);
+
+    // 添加停止位选项
+    ui->stopBitsCombo->addItem(QStringLiteral("1"), QSerialPort::OneStop);
+    ui->stopBitsCombo->addItem(QStringLiteral("2"), QSerialPort::TwoStop);
+}
+
+// 更新串口列表
+void SerialAssistant::updatePortList()
+{
+    ui->portCombo->clear(); // 清空串口下拉列表
+    const auto infos = QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts(); // 获取可用串口信息
+    for (const QSerialPortInfo &info : infos) {
+        ui->portCombo->addItem(info.portName()); // 将串口名称添加到下拉列表中
+    }
+}
+
+// 打开/关闭串口按钮点击事件处理函数
+void SerialAssistant::on_openCloseButton_clicked()
+{
+    if (serial->isOpen()) {
+        serial->close(); // 关闭串口
+        ui->openCloseButton->setText("打开"); // 更新按钮文本
+        statusBar()->showMessage("串口已关闭"); // 更新状态栏信息
+    } else {
+        // 设置串口参数
+        serial->setPortName(ui->portCombo->currentText());
+        serial->setBaudRate(ui->baudRateCombo->currentData().toInt());
+        serial->setDataBits(static_cast<QSerialPort::DataBits>(ui->dataBitsCombo->currentData().toInt()));
+        serial->setParity(static_cast<QSerialPort::Parity>(ui->parityCombo->currentData().toInt()));
+        serial->setStopBits(static_cast<QSerialPort::StopBits>(ui->stopBitsCombo->currentData().toInt()));
+
+        if (serial->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite)) {
+            ui->openCloseButton->setText("关闭"); // 更新按钮文本
+            statusBar()->showMessage("串口已打开"); // 更新状态栏信息
+        } else {
+            QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("错误"), serial->errorString()); // 弹出错误信息
+            statusBar()->showMessage("打开串口失败"); // 更新状态栏信息
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// 发送按钮点击事件处理函数
+void SerialAssistant::on_sendButton_clicked()
+{
+    if (serial->isOpen()) {
+        QByteArray data = ui->sendTextEdit->toPlainText().toUtf8(); // 获取要发送的数据
+        QByteArray packet = START_DELIMITER + data + END_DELIMITER; // 构建数据包
+        quint16 crc = calculateCRC(packet); // 计算CRC校验码
+        packet.append((char)(crc >> 8)); // 添加高位CRC
+        packet.append((char)(crc & 0xFF)); // 添加低位CRC
+
+        qint64 bytesWritten = serial->write(packet); // 发送数据包
+        if (bytesWritten == -1) {
+            QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("发送错误"), tr("数据发送失败!")); // 弹出警告信息
+        } else {
+            totalSentBytes += bytesWritten; // 更新发送字节数
+            totalPacketsSent++; // 更新发送包数
+            updateStatusBar(); // 更新状态栏
+            qDebug() << "Sent packet:" << packet.toHex(); // 调试输出发送的数据包
+        }
+    } else {
+        QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("警告"), tr("串口未打开!")); // 弹出警告信息
+    }
+}
+
+// 读取数据
+void SerialAssistant::readData()
+{
+    receiveBuffer += serial->readAll(); // 读取所有可用数据到接收缓冲区
+    qDebug() << "Current buffer:" << receiveBuffer.toHex(); // 调试输出当前缓冲区数据
+
+    while (receiveBuffer.contains(START_DELIMITER) && receiveBuffer.contains(END_DELIMITER)) {
+        int start = receiveBuffer.indexOf(START_DELIMITER); // 找到起始标志位置
+        int end = receiveBuffer.indexOf(END_DELIMITER, start + START_DELIMITER.size()); // 找到结束标志位置
+
+        if (start != -1 && end != -1) {
+            QByteArray packet = receiveBuffer.mid(start, end - start + END_DELIMITER.size() + 2); // +2 for CRC
+            receiveBuffer = receiveBuffer.mid(end + END_DELIMITER.size() + 2); // 更新接收缓冲区
+
+            totalReceivedBytes += packet.size(); // 更新接收字节数
+            totalPacketsReceived++; // 更新接收包数
+
+            if (verifyCRC(packet)) {
+                QByteArray data = packet.mid(START_DELIMITER.size(), packet.size() - START_DELIMITER.size() - END_DELIMITER.size() - 2); // 提取数据
+                ui->receiveTextEdit->append(QString(data)); // 显示接收的数据
+                qDebug() << "Received valid packet. Data:" << data; // 调试输出接收到的数据
+            } else {
+                ui->receiveTextEdit->append("接收到损坏的数据!"); // 显示接收到的损坏数据
+                lostPackets++; // 更新丢包数
+                logLostPacket(packet); // 记录丢包信息
+                qDebug() << "Received corrupted packet:" << packet.toHex(); // 调试输出接收到的损坏数据包
+            }
+        } else {
+            break; // 如果没有完整的数据包，则退出循环
+        }
+    }
+
+    updateStatusBar(); // 更新状态栏
+}
+
+// 清空接收窗口按钮点击事件处理函数
+void SerialAssistant::on_clearReceiveButton_clicked()
+{
+    ui->receiveTextEdit->clear(); // 清空接收窗口
+}
+
+// 清空发送窗口按钮点击事件处理函数
+void SerialAssistant::on_clearSendButton_clicked()
+{
+    ui->sendTextEdit->clear(); // 清空发送窗口
+}
+
+// 计算CRC校验码
+quint16 SerialAssistant::calculateCRC(const QByteArray &data)
+{
+    quint16 crc = 0xFFFF; // 初始化CRC
+    for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) {
+        crc ^= (quint8)data[i]; // 逐字节计算CRC
+        for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
+            if (crc & 0x0001) {
+                crc = (crc >> 1) ^ 0xA001; // 如果最低位为1，则右移并异或多项式
+            } else {
+                crc = crc >> 1; // 否则直接右移
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return crc;
+}
+
+// 校验CRC
+bool SerialAssistant::verifyCRC(const QByteArray &packet)
+{
+    if (packet.size() < 2) return false; // 如果数据包长度小于2，则返回false
+    QByteArray data = packet.left(packet.size() - 2); // 获取数据部分，不包括CRC
+    quint16 receivedCRC = ((quint8)packet[packet.size() - 2] << 8) | (quint8)packet[packet.size() - 1]; // 提取收到的CRC
+    quint16 calculatedCRC = calculateCRC(data); // 计算数据部分的CRC
+    return receivedCRC == calculatedCRC; // 返回校验结果
+}
+
+// 更新状态栏
+void SerialAssistant::updateStatusBar()
+{
+    ui->packetLossLabel->setText(QString("丢包个数: %1").arg(lostPackets)); // 更新丢包个数标签
+    ui->totalSentLabel->setText(QString("发送总计: %1 字节").arg(totalSentBytes)); // 更新发送字节数标签
+    ui->totalReceivedLabel->setText(QString("接收总计: %1 字节").arg(totalReceivedBytes)); // 更新接收字节数标签
+}
+
+// 记录丢包信息
+void SerialAssistant::logLostPacket(const QByteArray &packet)
+{
+    if (logStream.device() != nullptr) {
+        QString packetString = QString::fromUtf8(packet); // 将包数据转换为字符串
+        logStream << QDateTime::currentDateTime().toString("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss")
+                  << " - 丢包: " << packet.toHex() << " \n(字符串: " << packetString << ")\n"; // 写入日志
+        logStream.flush(); // 刷新日志流
+    }
+}
+

serialassistant.h

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+#ifndef SERIALASSISTANT_H
+#define SERIALASSISTANT_H
+
+#include <QMainWindow>
+#include <QtSerialPort/QSerialPort>
+#include <QtSerialPort/QSerialPortInfo>
+#include <QByteArray>
+#include <QFile>
+#include <QTextStream>
+
+QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace Ui { class SerialAssistant; }
+QT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+class SerialAssistant : public QMainWindow
+{
+    Q_OBJECT
+
+public:
+    SerialAssistant(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
+    ~SerialAssistant();
+
+private slots:
+    void on_openCloseButton_clicked();
+    void on_sendButton_clicked();
+    void readData();
+    void on_clearReceiveButton_clicked();
+    void on_clearSendButton_clicked();
+
+private:
+    Ui::SerialAssistant *ui;
+    QSerialPort *serial;
+    void initSerialPort();
+    void updatePortList();
+    quint16 calculateCRC(const QByteArray &data);
+    bool verifyCRC(const QByteArray &packet);
+    void updateStatusBar();
+    void logLostPacket(const QByteArray &packet);
+
+    qint64 totalSentBytes;
+    qint64 totalReceivedBytes;
+    int totalPacketsSent;
+    int totalPacketsReceived;
+    int lostPackets;
+
+    QByteArray receiveBuffer;
+
+    static const QByteArray START_DELIMITER;
+    static const QByteArray END_DELIMITER;
+    QFile logFile;
+    QTextStream logStream;
+};
+
+#endif // SERIALASSISTANT_H

serialassistant.pro

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+QT       += core gui serialport
+
+greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets
+
+CONFIG += c++17
+
+# You can make your code fail to compile if it uses deprecated APIs.
+# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
+#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0
+
+SOURCES += \
+    main.cpp \
+    serialassistant.cpp
+
+HEADERS += \
+    serialassistant.h
+
+FORMS += \
+    serialassistant.ui
+
+# Default rules for deployment.
+qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/bin
+else: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin
+!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target