Add advanced_parquet_index.rs example of index in into parquet files (

apache#10701)

* Add `advanced_parquet_index.rs` example of indexing into parquet files

* pre-load page index

* fix comment

* Apply suggestions from code review

Thank you @Weijun-H

Co-authored-by: Alex Huang <[email protected]>

* Add ASCII ART

* Update datafusion-examples/README.md

Co-authored-by: Alex Huang <[email protected]>

* Update datafusion-examples/examples/advanced_parquet_index.rs

Co-authored-by: Alex Huang <[email protected]>

* Improve / clarify comments based on review

* Add page index caveat

---------

Co-authored-by: Alex Huang <[email protected]>

datafusion-examples/README.md

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ cargo run --example csv_sql
 - [`advanced_udaf.rs`](examples/advanced_udaf.rs): Define and invoke a more complicated User Defined Aggregate Function (UDAF)
 - [`advanced_udf.rs`](examples/advanced_udf.rs): Define and invoke a more complicated User Defined Scalar Function (UDF)
 - [`advanced_udwf.rs`](examples/advanced_udwf.rs): Define and invoke a more complicated User Defined Window Function (UDWF)
+- [`advanced_parquet_index.rs`](examples/advanced_parquet_index.rs): Creates a detailed secondary index that covers the contents of several parquet files
 - [`avro_sql.rs`](examples/avro_sql.rs): Build and run a query plan from a SQL statement against a local AVRO file
 - [`catalog.rs`](examples/catalog.rs): Register the table into a custom catalog
 - [`csv_sql.rs`](examples/csv_sql.rs): Build and run a query plan from a SQL statement against a local CSV file

datafusion/common/src/column.rs

@@ -127,6 +127,13 @@ impl Column {
             })
     }
 
+    /// return the column's name.
+    ///
+    /// Note: This ignores the relation and returns the column name only.
+    pub fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.name
+    }
+
     /// Serialize column into a flat name string
     pub fn flat_name(&self) -> String {
         match &self.relation {

datafusion/common/src/config.rs

@@ -1393,6 +1393,13 @@ pub struct TableParquetOptions {
     pub key_value_metadata: HashMap<String, Option<String>>,
 }
 
+impl TableParquetOptions {
+    /// Return new default TableParquetOptions
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self::default()
+    }
+}
+
 impl ConfigField for TableParquetOptions {
     fn visit<V: Visit>(&self, v: &mut V, key_prefix: &str, description: &'static str) {
         self.global.visit(v, key_prefix, description);

datafusion/core/src/datasource/physical_plan/parquet/access_plan.rs

@@ -139,6 +139,11 @@ impl ParquetAccessPlan {
         self.set(idx, RowGroupAccess::Skip);
     }
 
+    /// scan the i-th row group
+    pub fn scan(&mut self, idx: usize) {
+        self.set(idx, RowGroupAccess::Scan);
+    }
+
     /// Return true if the i-th row group should be scanned
     pub fn should_scan(&self, idx: usize) -> bool {
         self.row_groups[idx].should_scan()

datafusion/core/src/datasource/physical_plan/parquet/mod.rs

@@ -186,9 +186,9 @@ pub use writer::plan_to_parquet;
 /// let exec = ParquetExec::builder(file_scan_config).build();
 /// ```
 ///
-/// For a complete example, see the [`parquet_index_advanced` example]).
+/// For a complete example, see the [`advanced_parquet_index` example]).
 ///
-/// [`parquet_index_advanced` example]: https://github.com/apache/datafusion/blob/main/datafusion-examples/examples/parquet_index_advanced.rs
+/// [`parquet_index_advanced` example]: https://github.com/apache/datafusion/blob/main/datafusion-examples/examples/advanced_parquet_index.rs
 ///
 /// # Execution Overview
 ///

datafusion/core/src/datasource/physical_plan/parquet/row_groups.rs

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ impl RowGroupAccessPlanFilter {
         Self { access_plan }
     }
 
-    /// Return true if there are no row groups to scan
+    /// Return true if there are no row groups
     pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
         self.access_plan.is_empty()
     }

datafusion/core/src/physical_optimizer/pruning.rs

@@ -471,8 +471,10 @@ pub struct PruningPredicate {
     /// Original physical predicate from which this predicate expr is derived
     /// (required for serialization)
     orig_expr: Arc<dyn PhysicalExpr>,
-    /// [`LiteralGuarantee`]s that are used to try and prove a predicate can not
-    /// possibly evaluate to `true`.
+    /// [`LiteralGuarantee`]s used to try and prove a predicate can not possibly
+    /// evaluate to `true`.
+    ///
+    /// See [`PruningPredicate::literal_guarantees`] for more details.
     literal_guarantees: Vec<LiteralGuarantee>,
 }
 
@@ -595,6 +597,10 @@ impl PruningPredicate {
     }
 
     /// Returns a reference to the literal guarantees
+    ///
+    /// Note that **All** `LiteralGuarantee`s must be satisfied for the
+    /// expression to possibly be `true`. If any is not satisfied, the
+    /// expression is guaranteed to be `null` or `false`.
     pub fn literal_guarantees(&self) -> &[LiteralGuarantee] {
         &self.literal_guarantees
     }