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added documentation for all extensions
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The Debug Extension | ||
=================== | ||
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The ``debug`` extension provides a ``debug`` tag that can be used to | ||
output the content of the current context: | ||
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.. code-block:: jinja | ||
{% debug %} | ||
This is really useful when a template does not work as expected. You can also | ||
output a specific variable or an expression: | ||
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.. code-block:: jinja | ||
{% debug items %} | ||
{% debug post.body %} | ||
.. warning:: | ||
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The ``debug`` tag only works when the ``debug`` environment option is set | ||
to ``true``. |
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The i18n Extension | ||
================== | ||
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Configuration | ||
------------- | ||
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The ``i18n`` extension adds `gettext`_ support to Twig. It defines one tag, | ||
``trans``. | ||
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You need to register this extension before using the ``trans`` block:: | ||
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$twig->addExtension(new Twig_Extensions_Extension_I18n()); | ||
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Note that you must configure the ``gettext`` extension before rendering any | ||
internationalized template. Here is a simple configuration example from the | ||
PHP `documentation`_:: | ||
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// Set language to French | ||
putenv('LC_ALL=fr_FR'); | ||
setlocale(LC_ALL, 'fr_FR'); | ||
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// Specify the location of the translation tables | ||
bindtextdomain('myAppPhp', 'includes/locale'); | ||
bind_textdomain_codeset('myAppPhp', 'UTF-8'); | ||
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// Choose domain | ||
textdomain('myAppPhp'); | ||
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.. caution:: | ||
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The ``i18n`` extension only works if the PHP `gettext`_ extension is | ||
enabled. | ||
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Usage | ||
----- | ||
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Use the ``trans`` block to mark parts in the template as translatable: | ||
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.. code-block: jinja | ||
{% trans "Hello World!" %} | ||
{% trans string_var %} | ||
{% trans %} | ||
Hello World! | ||
{% endtrans %} | ||
In a translatable string, you can embed variables: | ||
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.. code-block: jinja | ||
{% trans %} | ||
Hello {{ name }}! | ||
{% endtrans %} | ||
.. note:: | ||
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``{% trans "Hello {{ name }}!" %}`` is not a valid statement. | ||
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If you need to apply filters to the variables, you first need to assign the | ||
result to a variable: | ||
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.. code-block: jinja | ||
{% set name = name|capitalize %} | ||
{% trans %} | ||
Hello {{ name }}! | ||
{% endtrans %} | ||
To pluralize a translatable string, use the ``plural`` block: | ||
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.. code-block: jinja | ||
{% trans %} | ||
Hey {{ name }}, I have one apple. | ||
{% plural apple_count %} | ||
Hey {{ name }}, I have {{ count }} apples. | ||
{% endtrans %} | ||
The ``plural`` tag should provide the ``count`` used to select the right | ||
string. Within the translatable string, the special ``count`` variable always | ||
contain the count value (here the value of ``apple_count``). | ||
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Within an expression or in a tag, you can use the ``trans`` filter to translate | ||
simple strings or variables: | ||
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.. code-block: jinja | ||
{{ var|default(default_value|trans) }} | ||
Complex Translations within an Expression or Tag | ||
------------------------------------------------ | ||
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Translations can be done with both the ``trans`` tag and the ``trans`` filter. | ||
The filter is less powerful as it only works for simple variables or strings. | ||
For more complex scenario, like pluralization, you can use a two-step | ||
strategy: | ||
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.. code-block: jinja | ||
{# assign the translation to a temporary variable #} | ||
{% set default_value %} | ||
{% trans %} | ||
Hey {{ name }}, I have one apple. | ||
{% plural apple_count %} | ||
Hey {{ name }}, I have {{ count }} apples. | ||
{% endtrans %} | ||
{% endset %} | ||
{# use the temporary variable within an expression #} | ||
{{ var|default(default_value|trans) }} | ||
Extracting Template Strings | ||
--------------------------- | ||
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If you use the Twig I18n extension, you will probably need to extract the | ||
template strings at some point. Unfortunately, the ``xgettext`` utility does | ||
not understand Twig templates natively. But there is a simple workaround: as | ||
Twig converts templates to PHP files, you can use ``xgettext`` on the template | ||
cache instead. | ||
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Create a script that forces the generation of the cache for all your | ||
templates. Here is a simple example to get you started:: | ||
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$tplDir = dirname(__FILE__).'/templates'; | ||
$tmpDir = '/tmp/cache/'; | ||
$loader = new Twig_Loader_Filesystem($tplDir); | ||
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// force auto-reload to always have the latest version of the template | ||
$twig = new Twig_Environment($loader, array( | ||
'cache' => $tmpDir, | ||
'auto_reload' => true | ||
)); | ||
$twig->addExtension(new Twig_Extensions_Extension_I18n()); | ||
// configure Twig the way you want | ||
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// iterate over all your templates | ||
foreach (new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($tplDir), RecursiveIteratorIterator::LEAVES_ONLY) as $file) | ||
{ | ||
// force compilation | ||
$twig->loadTemplate(str_replace($tplDir.'/', '', $file)); | ||
} | ||
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Use the standard ``xgettext`` utility as you would have done with plain PHP | ||
code: | ||
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.. code-block: plain | ||
xgettext --default-domain=messages -p ./locale --from-code=UTF-8 -n --omit-header -L PHP /tmp/cache/*.php | ||
.. _`gettext`: http://www.php.net/gettext | ||
.. _`documentation`: http://fr.php.net/manual/en/function.gettext.php |
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Twig Extensions | ||
=============== | ||
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.. toctree:: | ||
:hidden: | ||
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debug | ||
text | ||
i18n | ||
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The Twig Extensions repository provides several useful extensions for Twig: | ||
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* *:doc:`Twig_Extensions_Extension_Debug <debug>`*: Provides tags and filters | ||
to ease template debugging; | ||
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* *:doc:`Twig_Extensions_Extension_Text <text>`*: Provides useful filters for | ||
text manipulation; | ||
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* *:doc:`Twig_Extensions_Extension_I18n <i18n>`*: Adds internationalization | ||
support via the ``gettext`` library. |
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The Text Extension | ||
================== | ||
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The Text extensions provides the following filters: | ||
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* ``truncate`` | ||
* ``wordwrap`` | ||
* ``nl2br`` |