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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>About - Solid</title>
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<body about="" id="about" prefix="schema: http://schema.org/ doap: http://usefulinc.com/ns/doap# foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/">
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<address about="#i" id="i" typeof="foaf:Project doap:Project">
<a href="/" rel="doap:homepage"><img alt="Solid logo" rel="foaf:img" src="/image/logo.svg" width="50" /> <span property="doap:name">Solid</span></a>
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<li><a href="/about.html">About Solid</a></li>
<li><a href="/for-developers.html">For Developers</a></li>
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<article about="" typeof="schema:Article">
<h1 property="schema:name">A Short History of the Solid Protocol</h1>
<!-- copied from https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/history/AShortHistoryoftheSolidProtocol.html -->
<div class="cols">
<h2>Research at MIT et al.</h2>
<p>The Solid project came out of research at MIT into a
powerful web of data</p>
<p>In 2000, MIT <a href="https://www.csail.mit.edu/">CSAIL</a>
Decentralised Infomation Group (<a href=
"https://groups.csail.mit.edu/dig/">DIG</a>) got funding from
DARPA to work on Semantic Web, which produced RDF-based
systems, and N3 rules. The python codebase for that work is now
at <a class="c8" href=
"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://github.com/linkeddata/swap&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1707316247988683&amp;usg=AOvVaw1hTtIuun8mL1M0-PBpvrCk">
https://github.com/linkeddata/swap</a></p>
<p>From 1999 when the browsers developed the ability to do
<a class="c8" href=
"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajax_(programming)&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1707316247989069&amp;usg=AOvVaw21nBbfS-yxsCAhd2JARxP5">AJAX</a>”,
to call back from the web page client to the server using
what was XMLRPCRequest and became fetch(), then it was possible
to build systems with the App in the client, with calls back to
the server for data storage.</p>
<p>The project in the lab responded to that possibility with
the “Tabulator” - a JS client which would allow the user to
explore linked data on the web.</p>

<p>2006: Berners-Lee, T., Chen, Y., Chilton, L., Connolly, D.,
Dhanaraj, R., Hollenbach, J., Lerer, A. and Sheets, D., 2006,
November. Tabulator: Exploring and analyzing linked data on the
semantic web. In Proceedings of the 3rd international semantic
web user interaction workshop (Vol. 2006, p. 159)</p>

<p>2007: Berners-Lee, T., Hollenbach, J., Lu, K., Presbrey, J. and
Pru d'hommeaux, E., 2007. Tabulator redux: Writing into the
semantic web</p>

<p>2009: Tim BL gave a TED Talk about the importance of the
web of data, not just documents, open data on the web. He also
talks about the web and Linked Data at the Web Summit that
year.</p>
<p>2009: An important aspect of the project was that it attempts to
make a class="c11"&gt;read-write web of data.
Anything the user could read and had permission to write could
also be written. The “Read-Write Web” was a mantra. The August
2009 Design Issues notes ”<a class="c8" href=
"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ReadWriteLinkedData.html&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1707316247989663&amp;usg=AOvVaw1-YMRFj9lrr2n12weBEuVw">Read-Write
Linked Data</a>” and “<a class="c8" href=
"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/CloudStorage.html&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1707316247989829&amp;usg=AOvVaw3zvNG-ryPSRmj0hfaGgxbL">Socially
Aware Cloud Storage”</a> emphasized the need for a
read-write web of linked data as a response to the data silos
of current social network sites.</p>

<p>2009? an ISWC paper, Hollenbahch, J, et al, MIT, “<a class="c8" href=
"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.readkong.com/page/using-rdf-metadata-to-enable-access-control-on-the-social-1648893&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1707316247990322&amp;usg=AOvVaw18Y-OD0BbOyv6Q6S76PwDn">Using
rdf metadata to enable access control on the social semantic
web</a></p>

<p>2011: There was a <a href=
"https://www.w3.org/community/rww/">Read-Write Web Cmmunity
Group</a>, started in 2011, most of its activity in 2012, which
discussed the RWW up till around 2017</p>
<p>in 2012, at ISWC, for example, Tim gave a <a href=
"https://videolectures.net/iswc2012_berners_lee_semantic_web/?t=70">
talk</a> about the worlkd od RWLD and the need for
standardising the protocol</p>
<p>But once users could write as well as read, access control
was important. The W3C’s own site had per-item RDF-based
access control with a UI. The tabulator project more or less
copied that system, but this time storing access control
information in RDF files rather than an access database.</p>

<h2>The name Solid</h2>

<p>Later work on the Read-writeLinked Data theme was in
collaboration between MIT and QCRI, with funding from QCRI.
That is when Sandro Hawke thought of the name “Solid” for
“Social Linked Data” as a name for the platform - the interface
spec between client and server - the protocol.</p>

<p>2016: Mansour, E., Sambra, A.V., Hawke, S., Zereba, M., Capadisli,
S., Ghanem, A., Aboulnaga, A. and Berners-Lee, T., 2016, April.
A demonstration of the solid platform for social web
applications. In Proceedings of the 25th international
conference companion on world wide web (pp. 223-226) (<a class=
"c8" href=
"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2872518.2890529?casa_token%3Dmz6Y8Ccd310AAAAA:DlMx7_ilup7Krgahr1oK6wep2F2e5bu7D7cUXYf1x3zwPmQZLo-K2hpLAIP-tEDDhWaeQvOdBq980vo&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1707316247990769&amp;usg=AOvVaw3eeaCWZEV4e3Nn1G_T3i4I">here</a>)</p>
<p>2015: As the platform was becoming something which it would be
important to standardize and spread, and as for such a broad
platform, some customers would need to be able to call on
commercial products and services, there was thought of making a
company – a bit as Netscape had for the early Web - provide
commercial solutions.</p>
<p>In 2015, The team approached Mastercard Labs to see whether
they would consider funding such a company. After much
technical due diligence, the MC Labs team felt that the
platform itself needed more work in the lab. The specs
and the open source code needed to be more elaborate.
They did then fund the next two years of work in the
lab.</p>
<h2>Forming Inrupt.com</h2>
<p>In 2017, we looked again at forming a company. Now the
time was ripe, with support from local VC Glasswing, and
others. The company was Inrupt.</p>
<p>Inrupt created its own enterprise grade Solid Protocol
compatible products, and also funded work at IMEC at
Ghent University on open source code.</p>
<p>The Solid organization holding the specs was a Github
organization, and so much of the interaction used github
processes and also Gitter chat. Gitter chat existed
around any github org or repo. (Gitter chat later moved to Matrix protcol, now
in use in 2023). The Solid community had also a
<a href="https://solidproject.org/">web site</a>
and a <a href="https://forum.solidproject.org/">forum</a>,
and series of meetups “Solid World” which went
online with Covid.</p>

<p>2018: In October 2018, Melvin Carvalho proposed the
W3C Solid Community group. Code contributors were asked
to join the CG for the limited IP commitment it would give.
A future possible W3C Working group would give much
better Royalty Free guarantees, than the CG.</p>
<p>Release dates of the protocol:</p>
<p>2021-12-17 - Version 0.9.0 of the Solid Procol spec
released</p>
<p>2022-12-31- Version 0.10.0 of the Solid Procol spec
released</p>
<p>Presentations and press about the Solid movement since 2018
have included:</p>
<p class="c2 c4"> 2018, October, <a class="c8" href=
"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v%3DelfSzMATcB4&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1707316247991887&amp;usg=AOvVaw0U4FvT6O9u1QqTdIYKziQM">
MozFest</a> </p>
<p class="c2 c4">2021 dWeb Camp</p>
<p class="c2 c4"> 2022 Web Summit.</p>
<p class="c2 c4 c3"></p>
<p>2023 dWeb Camp, California</p>
<p class="c2 c4">2023 July WeAreDevelopers, Berlin</p>
<p class="c2 c4 c3"></p>
<p>Early Press included:</p>
<p class="c2 c4">2018/7 Katrina Brooker, Vanity Fair, ““I Was
Devastated”: Tim Berners-Lee, the Man Who Created the World
Wide Web, Has Some Regrets”</p>
<p>On 27 July 2022, Tim met physically with the W3C TAG to
discuss Solid, during the day and the dinner after.</p>
<address>
Tim Berners-Lee, 2023
</address>
</div>
</article>
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