reorganize installing packages

_quarto.yml

@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ book:
         - reproducible-environments.qmd
         - installing-r.qmd
         - maintaining-r.qmd
-        - install-single-package.qmd
     - part: "All is Fail"
       chapters:
         - debugging-r.qmd

installing-packages.qmd

@@ -27,4 +27,69 @@ Installed --"library()"--> Loaded
 end
 ```
 
-[R Packages](https://r-pkgs.org/Structure.html) covers these phases of the package lifecycle in much more detail.
+[R Packages](https://r-pkgs.org/Structure.html) covers these phases of the package lifecycle in much more detail.
+
+## Binary packages
+
+- where to get them
+- how to know you got them
+
+##  Source packages
+
+The most common type of package you install is a **binary** package. Packages
+released on CRAN are built as pre-compiled binaries.
+
+However often it is useful to install packages which do not have a pre-built
+binary version available. This allows you to install development versions not
+yet released on CRAN, as well as older versions of released packages. It also lets
+you build your own packages locally.
+
+To install a source package you will need to [setup a development environment](#set-up-an-r-dev-environment).
+
+There are a few main functions used to install source packages.
+
+- `devtools::install_dev()` to install the latest development version of a CRAN package. ^[This will only work if the package includes a link to the development location in the package DESCRIPTION]
+- `devtools::install_github()` to install a package directly from GitHub, even if it is not on CRAN.
+- `devtools::install_version()` to install previously released CRAN versions of a package.
+
+For example `devtools::install_dev("dplyr")` will install the development
+version of dplyr. `devtools::install_github("jimhester/lookup")` will install
+Jim's lookup package (which is not on CRAN), and
+`devtools::install_version("readr", "1.0.0")` will install readr 1.0.0.
+
+It is also possible to [fork, clone and work with a package
+directly](https://happygitwithr.com/fork.html) then use `devtools::install()`
+and `devtools::load_all()` to work with the package locally like you would with
+a package you have created yourself.
+
+## Installation to a temporary library
+
+It is sometimes useful to install packages to a temporary library, so that they
+don't affect your normal packages. This can be done by using the `lib` argument
+to the devtools install functions, then using `lib.loc` in `library()` when you
+load the package.
+
+```r
+library(devtools)
+
+tmp_lib <- "~/tmp/tmp_library"
+dir.create(tmp_lib)
+
+devtools::install_github("dill/beyonce", lib = tmp_lib)
+
+## restart R
+
+## explicitly load the affected packages from the temporary library
+library(beyonce, lib.loc = tmp_lib)
+
+## your experimentation goes here
+
+## done? clean up!
+unlink(tmp_lib, recursive = TRUE)
+```
+
+::: {.callout-note}
+[Try the activity](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jimhester/wtf-source-package/master/01_source-package_spartan.R): `usethis::use_course("rstd.io/wtf-source-package")`
+
+To practice installing various types of source packages.
+:::