Add/clarify SQL length limits

[pushmeintheair]

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What is changed, added or deleted? (Required)

translate-docs-pr#15602

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• master (the latest development version)
• v7.6 (TiDB 7.6 versions)
• v7.5 (TiDB 7.5 versions)
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What is the related PR or file link(s)?

• This PR is translated from: Add/clarify SQL length limits docs#15602
• Other reference link(s):

Do your changes match any of the following descriptions?

• Delete files
• Change aliases
• Need modification after applied to another branch
• Might cause conflicts after applied to another branch

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[pushmeintheair]

/translation from-docs

[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2024-01-22 00:45:06.854807435 +0000 UTC m=+748748.419105135: ☑️ agreed by hfxsd.

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[hfxsd]

/approve

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[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

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[ti-chi-bot]

In response to a cherrypick label: new pull request created to branch release-7.1: #16227.

[ti-chi-bot]

In response to a cherrypick label: new pull request created to branch release-7.5: #16228.