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...tadata/layers/viirs/VIIRS_NOAA20_CorrectedReflectance_BandsM11-I2-I1_Granule.md
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Granule Corrected Reflectance imagery displays each 6-minute granule of imagery in near real-time. It is available on a 15 day rolling window basis. Each granule shows imagery as it was captured by the VIIRS instrument in that 6-minute time period and reveals areas that may have otherwise been obscured by the mosaicking of subsequent overpasses. | ||
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For a daily overview, please refer to the associated Corrected Reflectance Mosaic/Composite image. | ||
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*** | ||
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False Color: Red = M11, Green = I2, Blue = I1 | ||
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This combination is most useful for distinguishing burn scars from naturally low vegetation or bare soil and enhancing floods. | ||
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This combination can also be used to distinguish snow and ice from clouds. Snow and ice are very reflective in the visible part of the spectrum (Band I1), and absorbent in Bands I2 (near infrared) and M11 (short-wave infrared, or SWIR). Thick ice and snow appear vivid sky blue, while small ice crystals in high-level clouds will also appear blueish, and water clouds will appear white. | ||
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The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Corrected Reflectance imagery is available only as near real-time imagery. The VIIRS instrument is aboard the joint NASA/NOAA NOAA-20 (JPSS-1) satellite. The imagery can be visualized in Worldview and the Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS).The sensor resolution is 750 m and 375 m (M Bands are 750 m, I Bands are 375 m), imagery resolution is 250 m, and the temporal resolution is daily. | ||
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#### Vegetation and bare ground | ||
Vegetation is very reflective in the near infrared (Band I2), and absorbent in Band I1 and Band M11. Assigning that band to green means even the smallest hint of vegetation will appear bright green in the image. Naturally bare soil, like a desert, is reflective in all bands used in this image, but more so in the SWIR (Band M11, red) and so soils will often have a pinkish tinge. | ||
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#### Burned areas | ||
Burned areas or fire-affected areas are characterized by deposits of charcoal and ash, removal of vegetation and/or the alteration of vegetation structure. When bare soil becomes exposed, the brightness in Band I1 may increase, but that may be offset by the presence of black carbon residue; the near infrared (Band I2) will become darker, and Band M11 becomes more reflective. When assigned to red in the image, Band M11 will show burn scars as deep or bright red, depending on the type of vegetation burned, the amount of residue, or the completeness of the burn. | ||
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#### Water | ||
Liquid water on the ground appears very dark since it absorbs in the red and the SWIR. Sediments in water appear dark blue. Ice and snow appear as bright turquoise. Clouds comprised of small water droplets scatter light equally in both the visible and the SWIR and will appear white. These clouds are usually lower to the ground and warmer. High and cold clouds are comprised of ice crystals and will appear turquoise. | ||
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Note: The Corrected Reflectance and the Thermal Band I5 imagery from NOAA-20/VIIRS will occasionally show a checkered pattern, especially over the respective polar areas. This is due to overlapping and superimposition of observations from multiple orbits with widely different cloud/snow coverages. The checkered pattern may also arise from the mixture of partial day and night observations. Though all necessary steps have been taken to mitigate this effect, users may still notice this to some extent over the polar areas, depending on the season. | ||
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References: VJ103MOD_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VJ103MOD_NRT.021](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ103MOD_NRT.021); VJ103IMG_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VJ103IMG_NRT.021](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ103IMG_NRT.021); | ||
VJ102MOD_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VJ102MOD_NRT.021](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ102MOD_NRT.021); VJ102IMG_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VJ102IMG_NRT.021](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ102IMG_NRT.021) |
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...tadata/layers/viirs/VIIRS_NOAA20_CorrectedReflectance_BandsM3-I3-M11_Granule.md
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Granule Corrected Reflectance imagery displays each 6-minute granule of imagery in near real-time. It is available on a 15 day rolling window basis. Each granule shows imagery as it was captured by the VIIRS instrument in that 6-minute time period and reveals areas that may have otherwise been obscured by the mosaicking of subsequent overpasses. | ||
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For a daily overview, please refer to the associated Corrected Reflectance Mosaic/Composite image. | ||
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*** | ||
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False Color: Red = M3, Green = I3, Blue = M11 | ||
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This combination is used to map snow and ice. Snow and ice are very reflective in the visible part of the spectrum (Band M3), and very absorbent in Bands I3 and M11 (short-wave infrared, or SWIR). This band combination is good for distinguishing liquid water from frozen water, for example, clouds over snow, ice cloud versus water cloud; or floods from dense vegetation. | ||
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The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Corrected Reflectance imagery is available only as near real-time imagery. The VIIRS instrument is aboard the joint NASA/NOAA NOAA-20 (JPSS-1) satellite. The imagery can be visualized in Worldview and the Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS). The sensor resolution is 750 m and 375 m (M Bands are 750 m, I Bands are 375 m), imagery resolution is 250 m, and the temporal resolution is daily. | ||
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#### Snow and Ice | ||
Since the only visible light used in these images (Band M3) is assigned to red, snow and ice appear bright red. The more ice, the stronger the absorption in the SWIR bands, and the more red the color. Thick ice and snow appear vivid red (or dark pink), while small ice crystals in high-level clouds will appear pinkish. | ||
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#### Vegetation | ||
Vegetation will appear green in this band combination, as vegetation is absorbent in Bands M3 and M11, but reflective in Band I3. Bare soil and deserts will appear bright cyan in the image since it much more reflective in Band I3 and M11 than Band M3. | ||
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#### Water | ||
Liquid water on the ground will appear very dark since it absorbs in the red and the SWIR, but small liquid water drops in clouds scatter light equally in both the visible and the SWIR, and will therefore appear white. Sediments in water appear dark red. | ||
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Note: The Corrected Reflectance and the Thermal Band I5 imagery from NOAA-20/VIIRS will occasionally show a checkered pattern, especially over the respective polar areas. This is due to overlapping and superimposition of observations from multiple orbits with widely different cloud/snow coverages. The checkered pattern may also arise from the mixture of partial day and night observations. Though all necessary steps have been taken to mitigate this effect, users may still notice this to some extent over the polar areas, depending on the season. | ||
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References: VJ103MOD_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VJ103MOD_NRT.021](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ103MOD_NRT.021); VJ103IMG_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VJ103IMG_NRT.021](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ103IMG_NRT.021); | ||
VJ102MOD_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VJ102MOD_NRT.021](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ102MOD_NRT.021); VJ102IMG_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VJ102IMG_NRT.021](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ102IMG_NRT.021) |
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...ig/metadata/layers/viirs/VIIRS_NOAA20_CorrectedReflectance_TrueColor_Granule.md
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Granule Corrected Reflectance imagery displays each 6-minute granule of imagery in near real-time. It is available on a 15 day rolling window basis. Each granule shows imagery as it was captured by the VIIRS instrument in that 6-minute time period and reveals areas that may have otherwise been obscured by the mosaicking of subsequent overpasses. | ||
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For a daily overview, please refer to the associated Corrected Reflectance Mosaic/Composite image. | ||
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*** | ||
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True Color: Red = Band I1, Green = Band M4, Blue = Band M3 | ||
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These images are called true-color or natural color because this combination of wavelengths is similar to what the human eye would see. The images are natural-looking images of land surface, oceanic and atmospheric features. | ||
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The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Corrected Reflectance imagery is available only as near real-time imagery. The VIIRS instrument is aboard the joint NASA/NOAA NOAA-20 (JPSS-1) satellite. The imagery can be visualized in Worldview and the Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS). The sensor resolution is 750 m and 375 m (M Bands are 750 m, I Bands are 375 m), imagery resolution is 250 m, and the temporal resolution is daily. | ||
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Note: The Corrected Reflectance and the Thermal Band I5 imagery from NOAA-20/VIIRS will occasionally show a checkered pattern, especially over the respective polar areas. This is due to overlapping and superimposition of observations from multiple orbits with widely different cloud/snow coverages. The checkered pattern may also arise from the mixture of partial day and night observations. Though all necessary steps have been taken to mitigate this effect, users may still notice this to some extent over the polar areas, depending on the season. | ||
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References: VJ103MOD_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VJ103MOD_NRT.021](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ103MOD_NRT.021); VJ103IMG_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VJ103IMG_NRT.021](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ103IMG_NRT.021); | ||
VJ102MOD_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VJ102MOD_NRT.021](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ102MOD_NRT.021); VJ102IMG_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VJ102IMG_NRT.021](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ102IMG_NRT.021) |
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...metadata/layers/viirs/VIIRS_SNPP_CorrectedReflectance_BandsM11-I2-I1_Granule.md
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Granule Corrected Reflectance imagery displays each 6-minute granule of imagery in near real-time. It is available on a 15 day rolling window basis. Each granule shows imagery as it was captured by the VIIRS instrument in that 6-minute time period and reveals areas that may have otherwise been obscured by the mosaicking of subsequent overpasses. | ||
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For a daily overview, please refer to the associated Corrected Reflectance Mosaic/Composite image. | ||
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*** | ||
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False Color: Red = M11, Green = I2, Blue = I1 | ||
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This combination is most useful for distinguishing burn scars from naturally low vegetation or bare soil and enhancing floods. | ||
|
||
This combination can also be used to distinguish snow and ice from clouds. Snow and ice are very reflective in the visible part of the spectrum (Band I1), and absorbent in Bands I2 (near infrared) and M11 (short-wave infrared, or SWIR). Thick ice and snow appear vivid sky blue, while small ice crystals in high-level clouds will also appear blueish, and water clouds will appear white. | ||
|
||
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Corrected Reflectance imagery is available only as near real-time imagery. The VIIRS instrument in on board the joint NASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) satellite. The imagery can be visualized in Worldview and the Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS).The sensor resolution is 750 m and 375 m (M Bands are 750 m, I Bands are 375 m), imagery resolution is 250 m, and the temporal resolution is daily. | ||
|
||
#### Vegetation and bare ground | ||
Vegetation is very reflective in the near infrared (Band I2), and absorbent in Band I1 and Band M11. Assigning that band to green means even the smallest hint of vegetation will appear bright green in the image. Naturally bare soil, like a desert, is reflective in all bands used in this image, but more so in the SWIR (Band M11, red) and so soils will often have a pinkish tinge. | ||
|
||
#### Burned areas | ||
Burned areas or fire-affected areas are characterized by deposits of charcoal and ash, removal of vegetation and/or the alteration of vegetation structure. When bare soil becomes exposed, the brightness in Band I1 may increase, but that may be offset by the presence of black carbon residue; the near infrared (Band I2) will become darker, and Band M11 becomes more reflective. When assigned to red in the image, Band M11 will show burn scars as deep or bright red, depending on the type of vegetation burned, the amount of residue, or the completeness of the burn. | ||
|
||
#### Water | ||
Liquid water on the ground appears very dark since it absorbs in the red and the SWIR. Sediments in water appear dark blue. Ice and snow appear as bright turquoise. | ||
Clouds comprised of small water droplets scatter light equally in both the visible and the SWIR and will appear white. These clouds are usually lower to the ground and warmer. High and cold clouds are comprised of ice crystals and will appear turquoise. | ||
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||
References: VNP03MOD_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VNP03MOD_NRT.002](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP03MOD_NRT.002); VNP03IMG_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VNP03IMG_NRT.002](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP03IMG_NRT.002); VNP02MOD_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VNP02MOD_NRT.002](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP02MOD_NRT.002); VNP02IMG_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VNP02IMG_NRT.002](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP02IMG_NRT.002) | ||
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...metadata/layers/viirs/VIIRS_SNPP_CorrectedReflectance_BandsM3-I3-M11_Granule.md
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Granule Corrected Reflectance imagery displays each 6-minute granule of imagery in near real-time. It is available on a 15 day rolling window basis. Each granule shows imagery as it was captured by the VIIRS instrument in that 6-minute time period and reveals areas that may have otherwise been obscured by the mosaicking of subsequent overpasses. | ||
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||
For a daily overview, please refer to the associated Corrected Reflectance Mosaic/Composite image. | ||
|
||
*** | ||
|
||
False Color: Red = M3, Green = I3, Blue = M11 | ||
|
||
This combination is used to map snow and ice. Snow and ice are very reflective in the visible part of the spectrum (Band M3), and very absorbent in Bands I3 and M11 (short-wave infrared, or SWIR). This band combination is good for distinguishing liquid water from frozen water, for example, clouds over snow, ice cloud versus water cloud; or floods from dense vegetation. | ||
|
||
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Corrected Reflectance imagery is available only as near real-time imagery. The VIIRS instrument in on board the joint NASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) satellite. The imagery can be visualized in Worldview and the Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS). The sensor resolution is 750 m and 375 m (M Bands are 750 m, I Bands are 375 m), imagery resolution is 250 m, and the temporal resolution is daily. | ||
|
||
#### Snow and Ice | ||
Since the only visible light used in these images (Band M3) is assigned to red, snow and ice appear bright red. The more ice, the stronger the absorption in the SWIR bands, and the more red the color. Thick ice and snow appear vivid red (or dark pink), while small ice crystals in high-level clouds will appear pinkish. | ||
|
||
#### Vegetation | ||
Vegetation will appear green in this band combination, as vegetation is absorbent in Bands M3 and M11, but reflective in Band I3. Bare soil and deserts will appear bright cyan in the image since it much more reflective in Band I3 and M11 than Band M3. | ||
|
||
#### Water | ||
Liquid water on the ground will appear very dark since it absorbs in the red and the SWIR, but small liquid water drops in clouds scatter light equally in both the visible and the SWIR, and will therefore appear white. Sediments in water appear dark red. | ||
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||
References: VNP03MOD_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VNP03MOD_NRT.002](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP03MOD_NRT.002); VNP03IMG_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VNP03IMG_NRT.002](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP03IMG_NRT.002); VNP02MOD_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VNP02MOD_NRT.002](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP02MOD_NRT.002); VNP02IMG_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VNP02IMG_NRT.002](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP02IMG_NRT.002) |
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...nfig/metadata/layers/viirs/VIIRS_SNPP_CorrectedReflectance_TrueColor_Granule.md
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Granule Corrected Reflectance imagery displays each 6-minute granule of imagery in near real-time. It is available on a 15 day rolling window basis. Each granule shows imagery as it was captured by the VIIRS instrument in that 6-minute time period and reveals areas that may have otherwise been obscured by the mosaicking of subsequent overpasses. | ||
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||
For a daily overview, please refer to the associated Corrected Reflectance Mosaic/Composite image. | ||
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||
*** | ||
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||
True Color: Red = Band I1, Green = Band M4, Blue = Band M3 | ||
|
||
These images are called true-color or natural color because this combination of wavelengths is similar to what the human eye would see. The images are natural-looking images of land surface, oceanic and atmospheric features. | ||
|
||
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Corrected Reflectance imagery is available only as near real-time imagery. The VIIRS instrument in on board the joint NASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) satellite. The imagery can be visualized in Worldview and the Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS). The sensor resolution is 750 m and 375 m (M Bands are 750 m, I Bands are 375 m), imagery resolution is 250 m, and the temporal resolution is daily. | ||
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References: VNP03MOD_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VNP03MOD_NRT.002](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP03MOD_NRT.002); VNP03IMG_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VNP03IMG_NRT.002](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP03IMG_NRT.002); VNP02MOD_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VNP02MOD_NRT.002](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP02MOD_NRT.002); VNP02IMG_NRT [doi:10.5067/VIIRS/VNP02IMG_NRT.002](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP02IMG_NRT.002) |
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config/default/common/config/metadata/stories/hls_intro/step002.md
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The Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) project brings us 30 meter resolution true color surface reflectance imagery from the Operational Land Imager (OLI) instrument aboard the NASA/USGS Landsat 8 satellite, and the Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) aboard the European Space Agency (ESA) Sentinel 2A and Sentinel 2B satellites. | ||
The Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) project brings us 30 meter resolution true color surface reflectance imagery from the Operational Land Imager (OLI) instrument aboard the NASA/USGS Landsat 8 and 9 satellites, and the Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) aboard the European Space Agency (ESA) Sentinel 2A and Sentinel 2B satellites. |
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config/default/common/config/metadata/stories/hls_intro/step003.md
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The HLS imagery are approximately 8 times higher spatial resolution than the MODIS and VIIRS surface reflectance layers - watch New York City come in focus as you swipe to the left! | ||
The HLS imagery are approximately 8 times higher spatial resolution than the MODIS and VIIRS surface reflectance layers - watch New York City come in focus as you swipe to the left! |
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config/default/common/config/metadata/stories/hls_intro/step004.md
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To produce the Nadir Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF)-Adjusted Reflectance (NBAR) imagery, the data from the two instruments aboard the three satellites are processed through a set of algorithms to make the imagery consistent and comparable across the instruments. This includes atmospheric correction, cloud and cloud-shadow masking, spatial co-registration and common gridding, illumination and view angle normalization, and spectral bandpass adjustment. Turn on and off the Landsat 8 and Sentinel 2A & 2B Reflectance layers by clicking on the eye icon to see how seamless the imagery is. | ||
To produce the Nadir Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF)-Adjusted Reflectance (NBAR) imagery, the data from the two instruments aboard the four satellites are processed through a set of algorithms to make the imagery consistent and comparable across the instruments. This includes atmospheric correction, cloud and cloud-shadow masking, spatial co-registration and common gridding, illumination and view angle normalization, and spectral bandpass adjustment. Turn on and off the Landsat 8 & 9 and Sentinel 2A & 2B Reflectance layers by clicking on the eye icon to see how seamless the imagery is. | ||
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