W-17472621: Add a registry object to query the default encoding of the deployed app

src/main/java/org/mule/runtime/api/config/ArtifactEncoding.java

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2023 Salesforce, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * The software in this package is published under the terms of the CPAL v1.0
+ * license, a copy of which has been included with this distribution in the
+ * LICENSE.txt file.
+ */
+package org.mule.runtime.api.config;
+
+import org.mule.api.annotation.NoImplement;
+
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+
+/**
+ * Allows to query the encoding configured for the current deployable artifact.
+ * 
+ * @since 4.10
+ */
+@NoImplement
+public interface ArtifactEncoding {
+
+  /**
+   * @return the configured default encoding, checking in the following order until a value is found:
+   *         <ul>
+   *         <li>{@code configuration} of the artifact ->
+   *         ({@code org.mule.runtime.core.api.config.MuleConfiguration.getDefaultEncoding()})</li>
+   *         <li>The value of the system property {@code mule.encoding}</li>
+   *         <li>{@link Charset#defaultCharset()}</li>
+   *         </ul>
+   */
+  Charset getDefaultEncoding();
+}