create function to generate random numbers from 50 to 100 (#1)

Co-authored-by: Irina Kogai <[email protected]>

1_RandomNumberGeneratorMinMax/1_RandomNumberGeneratorMinMax.qs

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+namespace QuantumRandomNumberGenerator {
+  open Microsoft.Quantum.Convert;
+  open Microsoft.Quantum.Intrinsic;
+  open Microsoft.Quantum.Math;
+
+  @EntryPoint()
+  operation Main() : Int {
+    let min = 50;
+    let max = 100; 
+    Message($"Sampling a random number between {min} and {max}: ");
+
+    return GenerateRandomNumberInRange(min, max);
+  }
+
+  operation GenerateRandomNumberInRange(min : Int, max : Int) : Int {
+    // Generate a random number in the 0..(max - min) range.
+    let sample = GenerateRandomNumber(max - min);
+
+    // Shift the random number to the min..max range.
+    return sample + min;
+  }
+
+  /// Generates a random number between 0 and `max`.
+  operation GenerateRandomNumber(max : Int) : Int {
+    // Determine the number of bits needed to represent `max` and store it
+    // in the `nBits` variable.
+    let nBits = BitSizeI(max);
+
+    // Then generate `nBits` random bits which will
+    // represent the generated random number.
+    mutable bits = [];
+    for idxBit in 1..nBits {
+        set bits += [GenerateRandomBit()];
+    }
+    let sample = ResultArrayAsInt(bits);
+
+    // Return random number if it is within the requested range.
+    // Generate it again if it is outside the range.
+    return sample > max ? GenerateRandomNumber(max) | sample;
+  }
+
+  operation GenerateRandomBit() : Result {
+    // Allocate a qubit, by default it is in zero state      
+    use q = Qubit();  
+
+    // We apply a Hadamard operation H to the state
+    // It now has a 50% chance of being measured 0 or 1  
+    H(q);      
+
+    // Now we measure the qubit in Z-basis.
+    let result = M(q);
+
+    // Reset the qubit so it can be safely released.
+    Reset(q);
+
+    return result;
+  }
+}