[docs] reduce redirects in docs links

[jameslamb]

Follow-up to #6161.

Fixes some (but not all) of the warnings linkchecker raises about redirects in links from documentation. Most of these are harmless, just pages moving around within the same top-level domain.

But one is a site that used to host a dataset and now hosts ... something about video games!

warnings addressed by this PR (click me)

URL        `https://www.mcs.anl.gov/~thakur/papers/ijhpca-coll.pdf'
Name       `Optimization of collective communication operations in MPICH'
Parent URL file:///home/runner/work/LightGBM/LightGBM/docs/_build/html/Features.html, line 327, col 63
Real URL   https://web.cels.anl.gov/~thakur/papers/ijhpca-coll.pdf
Check time 1.343 seconds
Size       1.05MB
Warning    [http-redirected] Redirected to
           `https://web.cels.anl.gov/~thakur/papers/ijhpca-coll.pdf'
           status: 301 Moved Permanently.

URL        `http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/mslr/'
Name       `link5'
Parent URL file:///home/runner/work/LightGBM/LightGBM/docs/_build/html/GPU-Performance.html, line 193, col 8
Real URL   https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/project/mslr/?from=https://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/mslr/&type=exact
Check time 2.741 seconds
Size       29.67KB
Warning    [http-redirected] Redirected to
           `https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/redirect/?ref=https://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/mslr/'
           status: 301 Moved Permanently.
           [http-redirected] Redirected to
           `https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/project/mslr/?from=https://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/mslr/&type=exact'
           status: 301 Moved Permanently.

URL        `https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/HIGGS'
Name       `link'
Parent URL file:///home/runner/work/LightGBM/LightGBM/docs/_build/html/Experiments.html, line 145, col 8
Real URL   https://archive.ics.uci.edu/dataset/280/higgs
Check time 1.101 seconds
Size       79.80KB
Warning    [http-redirected] Redirected to
           `https://archive.ics.uci.edu/dataset/280/higgs'
           status: 302 Found.

URL        `http://stat-computing.org/dataexpo/2009/'
Name       `link'
Parent URL file:///home/runner/work/LightGBM/LightGBM/docs/_build/html/Experiments.html, line 166, col 8
Real URL   https://gamingcy.com
Check time 1.227 seconds
Warning    [http-redirected] Redirected to `https://gamingcy.com'
           status: 301 Moved Permanently.

URL        `https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/message-passing-interface/microsoft-mpi-release-notes'
Name       `MS MPI'
Parent URL file:///home/runner/work/LightGBM/LightGBM/docs/_build/html/Installation-Guide.html, line 537, col 28
Real URL   https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/message-passing-interface/microsoft-mpi-release-notes
Check time 0.165 seconds
Size       15.43KB
Warning    [http-redirected] Redirected to
           `https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/message-passing-interface/microsoft-mpi-release-notes'
           status: 301 Moved Permanently.

URL        `https://github.com/microsoft/lightgbm/tree/master/examples/python-guide/dask/prediction.py'
Name       `the Dask prediction example'
Parent URL file:///home/runner/work/LightGBM/LightGBM/docs/_build/html/Parallel-Learning-Guide.html, line 355, col 8
Real URL   https://github.com/microsoft/LightGBM/blob/master/examples/python-guide/dask/prediction.py
Check time 0.270 seconds
Size       3KB
Warning    [http-redirected] Redirected to
           `https://github.com/microsoft/LightGBM/blob/master/examples/python-guide/dask/prediction.py'
           status: 301 Moved Permanently.

URL        `https://ray.io/'
Name       `Ray'
Parent URL file:///home/runner/work/LightGBM/LightGBM/docs/_build/html/Parallel-Learning-Guide.html, line 536, col 4
Real URL   https://www.ray.io/
Check time 0.269 seconds
Warning    [http-redirected] Redirected to `https://www.ray.io/'
           status: 302 Moved Temporarily.

URL        `https://papers.nips.cc/paper/2971-learning-to-rank-with-nonsmooth-cost-functions.pdf'
Name       `lambdarank'
Parent URL file:///home/runner/work/LightGBM/LightGBM/docs/_build/html/Parameters.html, line 205, col 95
Real URL   https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper_files/paper/2006/file/af44c4c56f385c43f2529f9b1b018f6a-Paper.pdf
Check time 0.814 seconds
Size       142.18KB
Warning    [http-redirected] Redirected to
           `https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper_files/paper/2006/file/af44c4c56f385c43f2529f9b1b018f6a-Paper.pdf'
           status: 302 Found.


URL        `https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02862802/document'
Name       `more advanced method'
Parent URL file:///home/runner/work/LightGBM/LightGBM/docs/_build/html/Parameters.html, line 585, col 99
Real URL   https://hal.science/hal-02862802/document
Check time 2.390 seconds
Size       6.70MB
Warning    [http-redirected] Redirected to
           `https://hal.science/hal-02862802/document' status:
           301 Moved Permanently.

URL        `https://github.com/microsoft/LightGBM/tree/master/examples/binary_classification/forced_splits.json'
Name       `this file'
Parent URL file:///home/runner/work/LightGBM/LightGBM/docs/_build/html/Parameters.html, line 610, col 12
Real URL   https://github.com/microsoft/LightGBM/blob/master/examples/binary_classification/forced_splits.json
Check time 0.665 seconds
Size       2KB
Warning    [http-redirected] Redirected to
           `https://github.com/microsoft/LightGBM/blob/master/examples/binary_classification/forced_splits.json'
           status: 301 Moved Permanently.

URL        `https://papers.nips.cc/paper/6907-lightgbm-a-highly-efficient-gradient-boosting-decision-tree'
Name       `LightGBM: A Highly Efficient Gradient Boosting Decision Tree'
Parent URL file:///home/runner/work/LightGBM/LightGBM/docs/_build/html/Parameters.html, line 798, col 168
Real URL   https://papers.nips.cc/paper_files/paper/2017/hash/6449f44a102fde848669bdd9eb6b76fa-Abstract.html
Check time 0.498 seconds
Warning    [http-redirected] Redirected to
           `https://papers.nips.cc/paper_files/paper/2017/hash/6449f44a102fde848669bdd9eb6b76fa-Abstract.html'
           status: 302 Found.

URL        `https://github.com/microsoft/LightGBM/tree/master/examples/regression/forced_bins.json'
Name       `this file'
Parent URL file:///home/runner/work/LightGBM/LightGBM/docs/_build/html/Parameters.html, line 896, col 12
Real URL   https://github.com/microsoft/LightGBM/blob/master/examples/regression/forced_bins.json
Check time 0.220 seconds
Size       2KB
Warning    [http-redirected] Redirected to
           `https://github.com/microsoft/LightGBM/blob/master/examples/regression/forced_bins.json'
           status: 301 Moved Permanently.

URL        `https://github.com/slundberg/shap'
Name       `shap package'
Parent URL file:///home/runner/work/LightGBM/LightGBM/docs/_build/html/Parameters.html, line 957, col 160
Real URL   https://github.com/shap/shap
Check time 2.324 seconds
Warning    [http-redirected] Redirected to
           `https://github.com/shap/shap' status: 301 Moved
           Permanently.

How I tested this

Triggered check-links on this branch, with [http-redirected] warnings from linkchecker allowed, and saw the number of warnings go down from 32 to 14: https://github.com/microsoft/LightGBM/actions/runs/6793814320/job/18469251065

[jameslamb]

That stat-computing.org link now redirects to....

[jameslamb]

The check-docs task here was failing (build link) at this step:

LightGBM/.ci/test.sh

Lines 116 to 118 in 694e41e

	python $BUILD_DIRECTORY/helpers/parameter_generator.py || exit -1
	diff $BUILD_DIRECTORY/docs/Parameters-backup.rst $BUILD_DIRECTORY/docs/Parameters.rst || exit -1
	diff $BUILD_DIRECTORY/src/io/config_auto-backup.cpp $BUILD_DIRECTORY/src/io/config_auto.cpp || exit -1

I just pushed a commit that fixed that: 7403cd1

Generated by making changes in include/config.h then running

python helpers/parameter_generator.py

[github-actions]

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