[python-package] support Python 3.13 #9500

Job	Run time
r-package (clang16, R-devel)	11m 58s
r-package (clang17, R-devel)	12m 9s
r-package (ubuntu-latest, gcc, R 4.3, cmake)	8m 40s
r-package (ubuntu-latest, clang, R 4.3, cmake)	9m 38s
r-package (macos-13, gcc, R 4.3, cmake)	9m 16s
r-package (clang18, R-devel)	11m 54s
r-package (macos-13, clang, R 4.3, cmake)	10m 54s
r-package (clang19, R-devel)	12m 20s
r-package (windows-latest, MINGW, R 3.6, cmake)	12m 29s
r-package (gcc14, R-devel)	11m 13s
r-sanitizers (ubuntu-latest, R-devel, gcc ASAN/UBSAN)	15m 36s
r-package (intel, R-devel)	12m 2s
r-sanitizers (ubuntu-latest, R-devel, clang ASAN/UBSAN)	29m 23s
r-package (rchk, R-devel)	13m 3s
r-package (windows-latest, MINGW, R 4.3, cmake)	14m 30s
r-package (windows-2019, MSVC, R 3.6, cmake)	23m 42s
r-package (windows-2022, MSVC, R 4.3, cmake)	25m 41s
r-package (windows-latest, MINGW, R 3.6, cran)	13m 38s
r-package (windows-latest, MINGW, R 4.3, cran)	14m 12s
r-package (ubuntu-latest, gcc, R 4.3, cran)	10m 3s
r-package (macos-13, clang, R 4.3, cran)	10m 49s
r-package (macos-14, clang, R 4.3, cran)	7m 22s
all-r-package-jobs-successful	2s
	5h 0m 34s

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