add: request id + test more effective middleware ordering

Cargo.toml

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ cargo_metadata = "0.18.1"
 
 cfg-if = "1"
 
-uuid = { version = "1.6", features = ["v4"] }
+uuid = { version = "1.10.0", features = ["v4", "fast-rng"] }
 requestty = "0.5.0"
 
 # A socket.io server implementation

src/controller/app_routes.rs

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ use tower_http::{
     add_extension::AddExtensionLayer,
     catch_panic::CatchPanicLayer,
     compression::CompressionLayer,
-    cors,
     services::{ServeDir, ServeFile},
     set_header::SetResponseHeaderLayer,
     timeout::TimeoutLayer,
@@ -20,9 +19,15 @@ use tower_http::{
 
 #[cfg(feature = "channels")]
 use super::channels::AppChannels;
-use super::routes::Routes;
+use super::{middleware::cors::cors_middleware, routes::Routes};
 use crate::{
-    app::AppContext, config, controller::middleware::etag::EtagLayer, environment::Environment,
+    app::AppContext,
+    config,
+    controller::middleware::{
+        etag::EtagLayer,
+        request_id::{request_id_middleware, LocoRequestId},
+    },
+    environment::Environment,
     errors, Result,
 };
 
@@ -179,26 +184,86 @@ impl AppRoutes {
     /// [`axum::Router`].
     #[allow(clippy::cognitive_complexity)]
     pub fn to_router(&self, ctx: AppContext, mut app: AXRouter<AppContext>) -> Result<AXRouter> {
+        //
+        // IMPORTANT: middleware ordering in this function is opposite to what you
+        // intuitively may think. when using `app.layer` to add individual middleware,
+        // the LAST middleware is the FIRST to meet the outside world (a user request
+        // starting), or "LIFO" order.
+        // We build the "onion" from the inside (start of this function),
+        // outwards (end of this function). This is why routes is first in coding order
+        // here (the core of the onion), and request ID is amongst the last
+        // (because every request is assigned with a unique ID, which starts its
+        // "life").
+        //
+        // NOTE: when using ServiceBuilder#layer the order is FIRST to LAST (but we
+        // don't use ServiceBuilder because it requires too complex generic typing for
+        // this function). ServiceBuilder is recommended to save compile times, but that
+        // may be a thing of the past as we don't notice any issues with compile times
+        // using the router directly, and ServiceBuilder has been reported to give
+        // issues in compile times itself (https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io/pull/7443).
+        //
         for router in self.collect() {
             tracing::info!("{}", router.to_string());
 
             app = app.route(&router.uri, router.method);
         }
 
-        app = Self::add_powered_by_header(app, &ctx.config.server);
+        #[cfg(feature = "channels")]
+        if let Some(channels) = self.channels.as_ref() {
+            tracing::info!("[Middleware] Adding channels");
+            let channel_layer_app = tower::ServiceBuilder::new().layer(channels.layer.clone());
+            if let Some(cors) = &ctx
+                .config
+                .server
+                .middlewares
+                .cors
+                .as_ref()
+                .filter(|c| c.enable)
+            {
+                app = app.layer(
+                    tower::ServiceBuilder::new()
+                        .layer(cors_middleware(cors)?)
+                        .layer(channel_layer_app),
+                );
+            } else {
+                app = app.layer(
+                    tower::ServiceBuilder::new()
+                        .layer(tower_http::cors::CorsLayer::permissive())
+                        .layer(channel_layer_app),
+                );
+            }
+        }
 
         if let Some(catch_panic) = &ctx.config.server.middlewares.catch_panic {
             if catch_panic.enable {
                 app = Self::add_catch_panic(app);
             }
         }
 
+        if let Some(etag) = &ctx.config.server.middlewares.etag {
+            if etag.enable {
+                app = Self::add_etag_middleware(app);
+            }
+        }
+
         if let Some(compression) = &ctx.config.server.middlewares.compression {
             if compression.enable {
                 app = Self::add_compression_middleware(app);
             }
         }
 
+        if let Some(timeout_request) = &ctx.config.server.middlewares.timeout_request {
+            if timeout_request.enable {
+                app = Self::add_timeout_middleware(app, timeout_request);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if let Some(cors) = &ctx.config.server.middlewares.cors {
+            if cors.enable {
+                app = app.layer(cors_middleware(cors)?);
+            }
+        }
+
         if let Some(limit) = &ctx.config.server.middlewares.limit_payload {
             if limit.enable {
                 app = Self::add_limit_payload_middleware(app, limit)?;
@@ -211,62 +276,28 @@ impl AppRoutes {
             }
         }
 
-        if let Some(timeout_request) = &ctx.config.server.middlewares.timeout_request {
-            if timeout_request.enable {
-                app = Self::add_timeout_middleware(app, timeout_request);
-            }
-        }
-
-        let cors = ctx
-            .config
-            .server
-            .middlewares
-            .cors
-            .as_ref()
-            .filter(|cors| cors.enable)
-            .map(Self::get_cors_middleware)
-            .transpose()?;
-
-        if let Some(cors) = &cors {
-            app = app.layer(cors.clone());
-            tracing::info!("[Middleware] Adding cors");
-        }
-
         if let Some(static_assets) = &ctx.config.server.middlewares.static_assets {
             if static_assets.enable {
                 app = Self::add_static_asset_middleware(app, static_assets)?;
             }
         }
 
-        if let Some(etag) = &ctx.config.server.middlewares.etag {
-            if etag.enable {
-                app = Self::add_etag_middleware(app);
-            }
-        }
+        // XXX todo: remote IP middleware here
 
-        #[cfg(feature = "channels")]
-        if let Some(channels) = self.channels.as_ref() {
-            tracing::info!("[Middleware] Adding channels");
-            let channel_layer_app = tower::ServiceBuilder::new().layer(channels.layer.clone());
-            if let Some(cors) = cors {
-                app = app.layer(
-                    tower::ServiceBuilder::new()
-                        .layer(cors)
-                        .layer(channel_layer_app),
-                );
-            } else {
-                app = app.layer(
-                    tower::ServiceBuilder::new()
-                        .layer(tower_http::cors::CorsLayer::permissive())
-                        .layer(channel_layer_app),
-                );
-            }
-        }
+        app = Self::add_powered_by_header(app, &ctx.config.server);
+
+        app = Self::add_request_id_middleware(app);
 
         let router = app.with_state(ctx);
         Ok(router)
     }
 
+    fn add_request_id_middleware(app: AXRouter<AppContext>) -> AXRouter<AppContext> {
+        let app = app.layer(axum::middleware::from_fn(request_id_middleware));
+        tracing::info!("[Middleware] Adding request_id middleware");
+        app
+    }
+
     fn add_static_asset_middleware(
         app: AXRouter<AppContext>,
         config: &config::StaticAssetsMiddleware,
@@ -307,44 +338,6 @@ impl AppRoutes {
         app
     }
 
-    fn get_cors_middleware(config: &config::CorsMiddleware) -> Result<cors::CorsLayer> {
-        let mut cors: cors::CorsLayer = cors::CorsLayer::permissive();
-
-        if let Some(allow_origins) = &config.allow_origins {
-            // testing CORS, assuming https://example.com in the allow list:
-            // $ curl -v --request OPTIONS 'localhost:5150/api/_ping' -H 'Origin: https://example.com' -H 'Access-Control-Request-Method: GET'
-            // look for '< access-control-allow-origin: https://example.com' in response.
-            // if it doesn't appear (test with a bogus domain), it is not allowed.
-            let mut list = vec![];
-            for origins in allow_origins {
-                list.push(origins.parse()?);
-            }
-            cors = cors.allow_origin(list);
-        }
-
-        if let Some(allow_headers) = &config.allow_headers {
-            let mut headers = vec![];
-            for header in allow_headers {
-                headers.push(header.parse()?);
-            }
-            cors = cors.allow_headers(headers);
-        }
-
-        if let Some(allow_methods) = &config.allow_methods {
-            let mut methods = vec![];
-            for method in allow_methods {
-                methods.push(method.parse()?);
-            }
-            cors = cors.allow_methods(methods);
-        }
-
-        if let Some(max_age) = config.max_age {
-            cors = cors.max_age(Duration::from_secs(max_age));
-        }
-
-        Ok(cors)
-    }
-
     fn add_catch_panic(app: AXRouter<AppContext>) -> AXRouter<AppContext> {
         app.layer(CatchPanicLayer::custom(handle_panic))
     }
@@ -372,7 +365,10 @@ impl AppRoutes {
         let app = app
             .layer(
                 TraceLayer::new_for_http().make_span_with(|request: &http::Request<_>| {
-                    let request_id = uuid::Uuid::new_v4();
+                    let ext = request.extensions();
+                    let request_id = ext
+                        .get::<LocoRequestId>()
+                        .map_or_else(|| "req-id-none".to_string(), |r| r.get().to_string());
                     let user_agent = request
                         .headers()
                         .get(axum::http::header::USER_AGENT)

src/controller/middleware/cors.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use tower_http::cors;
+
+use crate::{config, Result};
+
+/// Create a CORS layer
+///
+/// # Errors
+///
+/// This function will return an error if parsing of header config fail
+pub fn cors_middleware(config: &config::CorsMiddleware) -> Result<cors::CorsLayer> {
+    let mut cors: cors::CorsLayer = cors::CorsLayer::permissive();
+
+    if let Some(allow_origins) = &config.allow_origins {
+        // testing CORS, assuming https://example.com in the allow list:
+        // $ curl -v --request OPTIONS 'localhost:5150/api/_ping' -H 'Origin: https://example.com' -H 'Access-Control-Request-Method: GET'
+        // look for '< access-control-allow-origin: https://example.com' in response.
+        // if it doesn't appear (test with a bogus domain), it is not allowed.
+        let mut list = vec![];
+        for origins in allow_origins {
+            list.push(origins.parse()?);
+        }
+        cors = cors.allow_origin(list);
+    }
+
+    if let Some(allow_headers) = &config.allow_headers {
+        let mut headers = vec![];
+        for header in allow_headers {
+            headers.push(header.parse()?);
+        }
+        cors = cors.allow_headers(headers);
+    }
+
+    if let Some(allow_methods) = &config.allow_methods {
+        let mut methods = vec![];
+        for method in allow_methods {
+            methods.push(method.parse()?);
+        }
+        cors = cors.allow_methods(methods);
+    }
+
+    if let Some(max_age) = config.max_age {
+        cors = cors.max_age(Duration::from_secs(max_age));
+    }
+
+    Ok(cors)
+}

src/controller/middleware/mod.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #[cfg(all(feature = "auth_jwt", feature = "with-db"))]
 pub mod auth;
+pub mod cors;
 pub mod etag;
 pub mod format;
+pub mod request_id;

src/controller/middleware/request_id.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+use axum::{extract::Request, http::HeaderValue, middleware::Next, response::Response};
+use lazy_static::lazy_static;
+use regex::Regex;
+use tracing::warn;
+use uuid::Uuid;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct LocoRequestId(String);
+
+impl LocoRequestId {
+    /// Get the request id
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn get(&self) -> &str {
+        self.0.as_str()
+    }
+}
+
+const X_REQUEST_ID: &str = "x-request-id";
+const MAX_LEN: usize = 255;
+lazy_static! {
+    static ref ID_CLEANUP: Regex = Regex::new(r"[^\w\-@]").unwrap();
+}
+
+pub async fn request_id_middleware(mut request: Request, next: Next) -> Response {
+    let header_request_id = request.headers().get(X_REQUEST_ID).cloned();
+    let request_id = make_request_id(header_request_id);
+    request
+        .extensions_mut()
+        .insert(LocoRequestId(request_id.clone()));
+    let mut res = next.run(request).await;
+
+    if let Ok(v) = HeaderValue::from_str(request_id.as_str()) {
+        res.headers_mut().insert(X_REQUEST_ID, v);
+    } else {
+        warn!("could not set request ID into response headers: `{request_id}`",);
+    }
+    res
+}
+
+fn make_request_id(maybe_request_id: Option<HeaderValue>) -> String {
+    maybe_request_id
+        .and_then(|hdr| {
+            // see: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/main/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb#L39
+            let id: Option<String> = hdr.to_str().ok().map(|s| {
+                ID_CLEANUP
+                    .replace_all(s, "")
+                    .chars()
+                    .take(MAX_LEN)
+                    .collect()
+            });
+            id.filter(|s| !s.is_empty())
+        })
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| Uuid::new_v4().to_string())
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use axum::http::HeaderValue;
+    use insta::assert_debug_snapshot;
+
+    use super::make_request_id;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn create_or_fetch_request_id() {
+        let id = make_request_id(Some(HeaderValue::from_static("foo-bar=baz")));
+        assert_debug_snapshot!(id);
+        let id = make_request_id(Some(HeaderValue::from_static("")));
+        assert_debug_snapshot!(id.len());
+        let id = make_request_id(Some(HeaderValue::from_static("==========")));
+        assert_debug_snapshot!(id.len());
+        let long_id = "x".repeat(1000);
+        let id = make_request_id(Some(HeaderValue::from_str(&long_id).unwrap()));
+        assert_debug_snapshot!(id.len());
+        let id = make_request_id(None);
+        assert_debug_snapshot!(id.len());
+    }
+}

src/controller/middleware/snapshots/loco_rs__controller__middleware__request_id__tests__create_or_fetch_request_id-2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+source: src/controller/middleware/request_id.rs
+expression: id.len()
+---
+36

src/controller/middleware/snapshots/loco_rs__controller__middleware__request_id__tests__create_or_fetch_request_id-3.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+source: src/controller/middleware/request_id.rs
+expression: id.len()
+---
+36