Move CI to ubuntu-24.04 #3984

Job	Run time
check-diff / check	20s
serialization / serialization-tests	18m 29s
rs / rs-benchmark-tests / benchmark-tests	15m 29s
rs / rs-tests / regular-tests (ubuntu-24.04, stable)	10m 23s
c / benchmarking / benchmark-tests	6m 48s
c / ccpp / regular-tests (ubuntu-24.04)	8m 33s
c / verifier / run (ubuntu-24.04)	7m 49s
c / default / regular-tests (ubuntu-24.04)	21m 17s
cpp / cpp-tests / regular-tests (ubuntu-24.04)	37m 27s
cpp / cpp-ros2-tests / cpp-ros2-tests	41m 50s
py / py-tests / regular-tests (ubuntu-24.04)	19m 57s
ts / benchmarking / benchmark-tests	5m 25s
ts / ts-tests / regular-tests (ubuntu-24.04)	19m 32s
cpp / cpp-benchmark-tests / benchmark-tests	12m 23s
	3h 45m 42s

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