Update packages to Kubernetes v0.33.0

[joshuacuellar1]

Purpose of this PR

Update the Kubernetes version supported by the operator.

Proposed changes:

• Update Kubernetes
• I updated Go to 1.24.3
• Helm, Kustomize, etc. have also been updated.
• I replaced setup-envtest with downloading the Kubernetes binaries directly from envtest.Environment
• Endpoints was deprecated in Kubernetes v1.33.0, so I replaced it with EndpointSlices
• Controller-Runtime recently deprecated using the exponential backoff feature of the reconciler here. I replaced this with requeueing immediately, but if you need that feature then I can add a rate limiter.

Change Category

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• Feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that could affect existing functionality)
• Documentation update

Rationale

Kubernetes 1.33 was released last month.

Checklist

• I have conducted a self-review of my own code.
• I have updated documentation accordingly.
• I have added tests that prove my changes are effective or that my feature works.
• Existing unit tests pass locally with my changes.

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[ChenYi015]

@joshuacuellar1 There is a merge conflict. Could you split this PR into smaller PRs? Maybe one for updating the kubernetes version, one for updating the golang version, and one for others.

[joshuacuellar1]

@joshuacuellar1 There is a merge conflict. Could you split this PR into smaller PRs? Maybe one for updating the kubernetes version, one for updating the golang version, and one for others.

The reason is that the joshuacuellar1:update-kubernetes branch is behind the main branch by several commits. I am working on it.

[ChenYi015]

Hi @joshuacuellar1 , thanks for the contributions. Could you split this PR into smaller ones, which will make it easier to review, merge and revert (if needed).