[release-1.10] feat: adds a func environment command

[knative-prow-robot]

This is an automated cherry-pick of #1761

Adds `func environment` to print the current function execution environment as JSON.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Patch coverage: 21.35% and project coverage change: -0.15 ⚠️

Comparison is base (61179d8) 62.89% compared to head (7aab1b8) 62.74%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@               Coverage Diff                @@
##           release-1.10    #1848      +/-   ##
================================================
- Coverage         62.89%   62.74%   -0.15%     
================================================
  Files                93       94       +1     
  Lines             11972    12075     +103     
================================================
+ Hits               7530     7577      +47     
- Misses             3754     3811      +57     
+ Partials            688      687       -1     

Flag	Coverage Δ
e2e-test	38.73% <21.35%> (-0.15%)	⬇️
e2e-test-oncluster	34.53% <21.35%> (-0.12%)	⬇️
e2e-test-oncluster-runtime	29.52% <21.35%> (?)
e2e-test-runtime-go	28.20% <21.35%> (?)
e2e-test-runtime-node	29.36% <21.35%> (?)
e2e-test-runtime-python	29.36% <21.35%> (?)
e2e-test-runtime-quarkus	29.49% <21.35%> (?)
e2e-test-runtime-springboot	28.39% <21.35%> (?)
e2e-test-runtime-typescript	29.49% <21.35%> (?)
integration-tests	49.81% <21.35%> (-0.28%)	⬇️
unit-tests-macos-latest	48.63% <21.35%> (-0.26%)	⬇️
unit-tests-ubuntu-latest	49.52% <21.35%> (-0.29%)	⬇️
unit-tests-windows-latest	48.69% <21.35%> (-0.26%)	⬇️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
cmd/environment.go	20.58% <20.58%> (ø)
cmd/root.go	77.73% <100.00%> (+0.09%)	⬆️

... and 3 files with indirect coverage changes

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[lance]

/override "style / Golang / lint"

[knative-prow]

@lance: /override requires failed status contexts, check run or a prowjob name to operate on.
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In response to this:

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[lance]

/override "style / Golang / Lint"

[knative-prow]

@lance: Overrode contexts on behalf of lance: style / Golang / Lint

In response to this:

/override "style / Golang / Lint"

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[lance]

/approve
/lgtm

[knative-prow]

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