[Umbrella] Bump Kubernetes dependency from v1.30.2 to v1.31.2

[RainbowMango]

This issue is used to track Kubernetes dependency update tasks.

• Bump Kubernetes dependency from v1.30.2 to v1.31.2 (@RainbowMango, Bump Kubernetes dependencies from v1.30.2 to v1.31.2 #5807)
• Bump sigs.k8s.io/controller-tools/cmd/controller-gen to v0.16.5. (@RainbowMango, Bump controller-gen to v0.16.5 #5808)
• Bump sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime from v0.18.4 to v0.19.1 (@RainbowMango, Bump Kubernetes dependencies from v1.30.2 to v1.31.2 #5807)
• Bump sigs.k8s.io/custom-metrics-apiserver to v1.31.x
  • Use v1.30.1-0.20241105195130-84dc8cfe2555 pseudo version before official release. (@RainbowMango, Bump Kubernetes dependencies from v1.30.2 to v1.31.2 #5807)
• Bump Golang from v1.22.7 to v1.22.9. (@RainbowMango, Bump Golang version to v1.22.9 #5820)

Prerequisites

• Ensure controller names are unique when emitting metrics. (@chaosi-zju, Ensure controller names are unique when emitting metrics #5799)
• [UT] cancel concurrent test for SetupWithManager #5804

Follow Up
Things should be cleaned up after the dependency bump.

• Bump sigs.k8s.io/custom-metrics-apiserver to v1.31.x. (Waiting new release)
• Bump sigs.k8s.io/metrics-server to v0.8.x (Waiting for Release v0.8.0 kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server#1565)
• Removed deprecated workqueue.RateLimiter to get CI happy.
  • Generic AsyncWork to remove reference to deprecated functions.
• Enable deprecation check
• Complete the missing documentation bout controller lists. (@chaosi-zju, Add new controllers to controller doc website#733)

References:

• For swagger changes: apimachinery: API Emulation Versioning kubernetes/kubernetes#122891
• For karmada-search changes: Implement resilient watchcache initialization post-start-hook kubernetes/kubernetes#125483