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Raspberry Pi router that sends all traffic through OpenVPN - python, shell

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Raspberry Pi VPN Client router

Route all incoming traffic through an OpenVPN SSL VPN

The Pi-hush is a Raspberry Pi router that will send all incoming traffic received through a WLAN or LAN interface through an OpenVPN tunnel stablished trough another LAN interface It uses different led colours to indicate status, link on, acquired IP, access to internet, VPN established...

Hardware used

  • Raspberry Pi 2
  • WLAN USB Dongle Edimax EW-7811Un [Realtek RTL8188CUS]
  • Apple USB - Ethernet Adapter
  • LED board: https://www.piborg.org/ledborg/ (OPTIONAL)
  • Soft buttton (OPTIONAL)

(components from other vendors might also work)

Target

eth0 (the embedded ethernet port)

  • WAN port to connect to upstream router
  • Gets IP, DNS from DHCP
  • After 30 seconds, all traffic is sent through OpenVPN (time needed to go through potential captive portals)
  • All incoming connections are rejected

eth1 (USB to Ethernet adapter) - Local LAN

  • Fixed IP 172.16.0.1
  • Offers DHCP IPS from 172.16.0.3 to 172.16.0.199
  • Offers DNS service

wlan0 (USB WLAN dongle) - Creates WLAN network - WPA2

  • Fixed IP 172.16.1.1
  • Offers DHCP IPS from 172.16.1.2 to 172.16.1.199
  • Offers DNS service

Table of Contents

Raspberry Pi first boot

  • Plug screen and keyboard
  • Expand FileSystem
  • Update password
  • Update keyboard layout (if necessary)

Clean up, update and install necessary modules

  • Remove GUI packages (Warning this will take some time). I remove all GUI packages as I don´t use them and it saves more than 2GB. This is not necessary and you can skip this step if you are unsure or want to keep them.
sudo apt-get -y install deborphan
sudo apt-get -y autoremove --purge libx11-.* lxde-.* raspberrypi-artwork xkb-data omxplayer penguinspuzzle sgml-base xml-core alsa-.* cifs-.* samba-.* fonts-.* desktop-* gnome-.*
sudo apt-get -y autoremove --purge $(deborphan)
sudo apt-get -y autoremove --purge
sudo apt-get autoclean
  • Update firmware (boot partition)
sudo rpi-update 
sudo reboot
  • Remove packages that might conflict with the new ones, install required packages and update the rest.
sudo apt-get -y remove bind9 isc-dhcp-server 
sudo apt-get -y update
sudo apt-get -y upgrade 
sudo apt-get -y autoremove --purge
sudo apt-get -y install dnsmasq openvpn tcpdump iw bridge-utils dos2unix python-netifaces python-dev python-setuptools

Configure dnsmasq

  • Edit the file /etc/dnsmasq.d/dnsmasq.custom.conf and replace it's content with:
# Interfaces
interface=eth1
interface=wlan0
listen-address=127.0.0.1

# DNS Configuration
domain-needed
bogus-priv
no-resolv
server=8.8.4.4
server=8.8.8.8
cache-size=10000
local-ttl=300

# DHCP Configuration
dhcp-range=eth1,172.16.0.2,172.16.0.199,12h
dhcp-range=wlan0,172.16.1.2,172.16.1.199,12h

dhcp-option=eth1,3,172.16.0.1 # router ethernet interface
dhcp-option=wlan0,3,172.16.1.1 # router wlan interface

dhcp-option=eth1,6,172.16.0.1 # our local DNS Server
dhcp-option=wlan0,6,172.16.1.1 # our local DNS Server
dhcp-authoritative # force clients to grab a new IP

If you plan to use pi-hole, a highly recommended DNS and Malware blocker, add also the entry below.

addn-hosts=/etc/pihole/gravity.list

Have in mind that the current gravity.sh script from pi-hole creates a host file with all IPs of all network interfaces. I recommend you use my own version of the gravity.sh scripts that allows you to define the IP where to redirect all requests: (https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jofrep/pi-hole/IP-as-input-parameter/gravity.sh). Just execute ./gravity 123.123.123.123 (but using your target IP)

Network configuration

  • Edit /etc/network/interfaces and replace it with the content below:
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

auto eth1
allow-hotplug eth1
iface eth1 inet static
        address 172.16.0.1
        netmask 255.255.255.0

#auto wlan0
allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
        address 172.16.1.1
        netmask 255.255.255.0
  • Set routing
echo 1 | sudo tee /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
  • Ensure persistency eddting /etc/sysctl.conf and seeting forwarding on:
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
  • Reboot the RPi
sudo reboot

wlan0 as an access point

WARNING: if you use a different WLAN dongle skip this and finds the right way to configure it as an Access Point. Perhaps the default hostpad is good enough for you

sudo apt-get autoremove hostapd
wget https://github.com/jenssegers/RTL8188-hostapd/archive/v2.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf v2.0.tar.gz
cd RTL8188-hostapd-2.0/hostapd
sudo make
sudo make install
  • Edit the file /etc/init.d/hostapd and add to (DAEMON_CONF=) the following line:
DAEMON_CONF=/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
  • Edit the file hostapd.conf /etc/hostapd/hostapd.confand update the following values
ssid=CHOOSE-SOME-NAME
wpa_passphrase=longrandompasswordb4a1d29d5eaa92a26270e8acfc4
```bash
* restart service
```bash
sudo service hostapd restart
  • in case of errors execute
sudo hostapd /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf

OpenVPN client configuration

The assumption is that you already have an OpenVPN server to connect to. The Raspberry Pi will act as a client only.

  • Copy all configuration files (certs, key, ta, config) to /etc/openvpn
  • Rename configuration file to openvpn.conf
  • Start OpenVPN and ensure it's working fine
sudo service openvpn start
  • Remove openvpn from start
sudo update-rc.d openvpn remove
  • Set script to delay OpenVPN start for 30 segons (/home/pi/start-openvpn-delay.sh)
#!/bin/sh

# Script used at boot to start openvpn with a 30 seconds delay to allow end user to go through login pages
sleep 30
sudo service openvpn start
  • Make file executable
chmod +x /home/pi/start-openvpn-delay.sh

Iptables configuration

Create file /usr/local/bin/iptables.onlynat.sh with contents below

# Set default policies for INPUT, FORWARD and OUTPUT chains
sudo iptables -P INPUT DROP
sudo iptables -P FORWARD DROP
sudo iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT

# Allow all traffic from local address and local LANs
sudo iptables -A INPUT -i lo    -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A INPUT -i eth1  -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A INPUT -i wlan0 -j ACCEPT

# NAT forwarded traffic exiting eth0 or wlan1
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0  -j MASQUERADE
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o tun0  -j MASQUERADE

# Accept established traffic being forwared
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0  -o eth1  -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0  -o wlan0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

# Accept exit traffic from LANs to WAN(s)
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1  -o eth0  -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlan0 -o eth0  -j ACCEPT

# Accept exit traffic from LANs to VPN
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1  -o tun0  -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlan0 -o tun0  -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i tun0  -o eth1  -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i tun0  -o wlan0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

# OPTIONAL: Logging dropped packets to syslog
sudo iptables -N LOGGING
sudo iptables -A INPUT -j LOGGING
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -j LOGGING
sudo iptables -A LOGGING -m limit --limit 2/min -j LOG --log-prefix "IPT-Drop: " --log-level 4
sudo iptables -A LOGGING -j DROP
  • Make file executable
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/iptables.onlynat.sh
  • Add the following in /etc/rc.local
echo "Loading iptables for IP masquerading"
/usr/local/bin/iptables.onlynat.sh

echo "Delayed OpenVPN start"
nohup /home/pi/admin/start-openvpn-delay.sh &

Enhancement: Use a muticolor led for network monitoring

Enhancement: Shutdown button

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Raspberry Pi router that sends all traffic through OpenVPN - python, shell

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