Spectrum

• Zhihao Chen, Tianji Yang, Yixiao Zheng, Zhao Zhang, Cheqing Jin, and Aoying Zhou. "Spectrum: Speedy and Strictly-Deterministic Smart Contract Transactions for Blockchain Ledgers." In Proceedings of the 50th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases (VLDB 2024), Pages 2541--2554, Guangzhou, China, August, 2024. [Paper] [Slides] [Ref]

Spectrum is the first deterministic concurrency control (DCC) scheme that preserves consensus-established ordering fairness (by ensuring strict determinism) with high performance for blockchain ledgers.

This repo is for the reproducibility of Spectrum.

Preparation

Clone Project

For quick clone, use the shallow clone flag --depth 1.

git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/jacklightChen/spectrum.git

Compile Env

This project heavily used CXX_20 features.

Therefore, to compile this project, you either need clang >= 17 or gcc/g++ >= 12.

If you have apt (Advanced Packaging Tool), you can use the following command to install clang 17.

wget -qO- https://apt.llvm.org/llvm.sh | sudo bash -s 17

If your clang version is not 17 by default, use the following command for building with clang.

CXX=clang++-17 CC=clang-17 cmake -S . -B build

Building Instructions

We use cmake as the building system.

To configure the building plan, we use the following instruction.

cmake -S . -B build

Optionally, one can use debug option to generate debug logs. Note that performance will deteriorate significantly if debug mode is enabled.

cmake -S . -B build -DNDEBUG=1

To build this project, we use the following command.

cmake --build build -j

This build command will compile and link the main library along with several executables.

The generated executable is called bench. Its basic usage is as follows:

./build/bench [PROTOCOL] [WORKLOAD] [BENCH TIME]

For example:

./build/bench Spectrum:36:9973:COPYONWRITE Smallbank:1000000:0 2s

Evaluation

The scripts folder contains scripts to test all execution schemes, including testing fixed zipf with varying threads and fixed threads with varying zipf.

The parameters in bench-threads-tps.py/bench-skew-tps.py can be modified to test different benchmarks.

Parameter	Meaning
keys	Number of keys
workload	Which workload to be tested
repeat	Number of repetitions per bench, averaged at the end
threads	Number of threads
zipf	Zipf distribution parameter
times_to_run	Duration of each bench test

All Spectrum schemes and Sparkle schemes(except original Sparkle) have three parameters. The original Sparkle scheme does not need to include EVMType. Please pass parameters in the following way.

Spectrum:threads:table_partition:EVMType

The EVMType can be one of the following options: EVMCOW, STRAWMAN, BASIC

For the Aria/AriaFB scheme, please pass parameters in the following way.

Aria:threads:table_partition:batchsize/threads:ReOrderingFlag(True or False)

The Calvin scheme is similar to Aria, but does not need to include ReOrderingFlag.

For the Serial scheme, please pass parameters in the following way.

Serial:EVMType:1

Citation

If you find this repo useful, please cite our paper.

@article{DBLP:journals/pvldb/ChenYZZJZ24,
  author       = {Zhihao Chen and
                  Tianji Yang and
                  Yixiao Zheng and
                  Zhao Zhang and
                  Cheqing Jin and
                  Aoying Zhou},
  title        = {Spectrum: Speedy and Strictly-Deterministic Smart Contract Transactions
                  for Blockchain Ledgers},
  journal      = {Proc. {VLDB} Endow.},
  volume       = {17},
  number       = {10},
  pages        = {2541--2554},
  year         = {2024}
}