Add better tests for simulator phasing

[mkorbel1]

Motivation

In #475, some changes were proposed to the simulator that modified how injected actions were executed. The existing test suite in ROHD did not identify any problems, but the change would break the https://github.com/intel/rohd-cosim test suite and functionality.

Desired solution

Add tests in ROHD that protect API guarantees about phasing, injected actions, etc. to avoid accidentally breaking other libraries and use cases of the ROHD simulator.

Alternatives considered

No response

Additional details

No response