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""" | ||
创建Excel文件 | ||
Version: 0.1 | ||
Author: 骆昊 | ||
Date: 2018-03-26 | ||
""" | ||
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from openpyxl import Workbook | ||
from openpyxl.worksheet.table import Table, TableStyleInfo | ||
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workbook = Workbook() | ||
sheet = workbook.active | ||
data = [ | ||
[1001, '白元芳', '男', '13123456789'], | ||
[1002, '白洁', '女', '13233445566'] | ||
] | ||
sheet.append(['学号', '姓名', '性别', '电话']) | ||
for row in data: | ||
sheet.append(row) | ||
tab = Table(displayName="Table1", ref="A1:E5") | ||
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tab.tableStyleInfo = TableStyleInfo( | ||
name="TableStyleMedium9", showFirstColumn=False, | ||
showLastColumn=False, showRowStripes=True, showColumnStripes=True) | ||
sheet.add_table(tab) | ||
workbook.save('./res/全班学生数据.xlsx') |
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""" | ||
读取Excel文件 | ||
Version: 0.1 | ||
Author: 骆昊 | ||
Date: 2018-03-26 | ||
""" | ||
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from openpyxl import load_workbook | ||
from openpyxl import Workbook | ||
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workbook = load_workbook('./res/学生明细表.xlsx') | ||
print(workbook.sheetnames) | ||
sheet = workbook[workbook.sheetnames[0]] | ||
print(sheet.title) | ||
for row in range(2, 7): | ||
for col in range(65, 70): | ||
cell_index = chr(col) + str(row) | ||
print(sheet[cell_index].value, end='\t') | ||
print() |
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""" | ||
创建PDF文件 | ||
Version: 0.1 | ||
Author: 骆昊 | ||
Date: 2018-03-26 | ||
""" | ||
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import PyPDF2 |
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""" | ||
读取PDF文件 | ||
Version: 0.1 | ||
Author: 骆昊 | ||
Date: 2018-03-26 | ||
""" | ||
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from PyPDF2 import PdfFileReader | ||
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with open('./res/Python课程大纲.pdf', 'rb') as f: | ||
reader = PdfFileReader(f, strict=False) | ||
print(reader.numPages) | ||
if reader.isEncrypted: | ||
reader.decrypt('') | ||
current_page = reader.getPage(5) | ||
print(current_page) | ||
print(current_page.extractText()) |
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""" | ||
使用pillow操作图像 | ||
Version: 0.1 | ||
Author: 骆昊 | ||
Date: 2018-03-26 | ||
""" | ||
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from PIL import Image | ||
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img = Image.open('./res/guido.jpg') | ||
print(img.size) | ||
print(img.format) | ||
print(img.format_description) | ||
img.save('./res/guido.png') | ||
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img2 = Image.open('./res/guido.png') | ||
img3 = img2.crop((335, 435, 430, 615)) | ||
for x in range(4): | ||
for y in range(5): | ||
img2.paste(img3, (95 * y , 180 * x)) | ||
img2.resize((img.size[0] // 2, img.size[1] // 2)) | ||
img2.rotate(90) | ||
img2.save('./res/guido2.png') |
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""" | ||
创建Word文件 | ||
Version: 0.1 | ||
Author: 骆昊 | ||
Date: 2018-03-26 | ||
""" | ||
|
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""" | ||
读取Word文件 | ||
Version: 0.1 | ||
Author: 骆昊 | ||
Date: 2018-03-26 | ||
""" | ||
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from docx import Document | ||
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doc = Document('./res/用函数还是用复杂的表达式.docx') | ||
print(len(doc.paragraphs)) | ||
print(doc.paragraphs[0].text) | ||
# print(doc.paragraphs[1].runs[0].text) | ||
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content = [] | ||
for para in doc.paragraphs: | ||
content.append(para.text) | ||
print(''.join(content)) |
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## 图像和办公文档处理 | ||
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用程序来处理图像以及办公文档在实际开发中非常常见,我们可以通过Python生态圈中的第三方模块来完成这些操作。 | ||
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### 操作图像 | ||
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#### 计算机图像相关知识 | ||
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1. 颜色。如果你有使用颜料画画的经历,那么一定知道混合红、黄、蓝三种颜料可以得到其他的颜色,事实上这三种颜色就是被我们称为美术三原色的东西,它们是不能再分解的基本颜色。在计算机中,我们可以将红、绿、蓝三种色光以不同的比例叠加来组合成其他的颜色,因此这三种颜色就是色光三原色,所以我们通常会将一个颜色表示为一个RGB值或RGBA值(其中的A表示Alpha通道,它决定了透过这个图像的像素,也就是透明度)。 | ||
2. 像素。对于一个由数字序列表示的图像来说,最小的单位就是图像上单一颜色的小方格,这些小方块都有一个明确的位置和被分配的色彩数值,而这些一小方格的颜色和位置决定了该图像最终呈现出来的样子,它们是不可分割的单位,我们通常称之为像素(pixel)。每一个图像都包含了一定量的像素,这些像素决定图像在屏幕上所呈现的大小。 | ||
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#### 用Pillow操作图像 | ||
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- 剪裁图片 | ||
- 调整图片大小 | ||
- 旋转和翻转 | ||
- 操作像素 | ||
- 添加水印 | ||
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### 处理Excel电子表格 | ||
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Python的OpenPyXL模块让我们可以在Python程序中读取和修改Excel电子表格,LibreOffice Calc和OpenOffice Calc也都能处理Excel的电子表格文件,这就意味着OpenPyXL模块也能处理来自这些应用程序的电子表格。关于OpenPyXL的使用手册和使用文档可以查看它的[官方文档](https://openpyxl.readthedocs.io/en/stable/#)。 | ||
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### 处理Word文档 | ||
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| 属性 | 描述 | | ||
| ------------- | ---------- | | ||
| bold | 粗体 | | ||
| italic | 斜体 | | ||
| underline | 下划线 | | ||
| strike | 删除线 | | ||
| double_strike | 双删除线 | | ||
| all_caps | 大写首字母 | | ||
| small_caps | 大写首字母 | | ||
| shadow | 带阴影 | | ||
| outline | 轮廓显示 | | ||
| rtl | 从右向左 | | ||
| imprint | 凹嵌页面 | | ||
| emboss | 凸出页面 | | ||
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### 处理PDF文档 | ||
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PDF是Portable Document Format的缩写,使用.pdf作为文件扩展名。 |
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from socket import socket | ||
from threading import Thread | ||
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def main(): | ||
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class RefreshScreenThread(Thread): | ||
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def __init__(self, client): | ||
super().__init__() | ||
self._client = client | ||
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def run(self): | ||
while running: | ||
data = self._client.recv(1024) | ||
print(data.decode('utf-8')) | ||
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nickname = input('请输入你的昵称: ') | ||
myclient = socket() | ||
myclient.connect(('10.7.189.118', 12345)) | ||
running = True | ||
RefreshScreenThread(myclient).start() | ||
while running: | ||
content = input('请发言: ') | ||
if content == 'byebye': | ||
myclient.send(content.encode('utf-8')) | ||
running = False | ||
else: | ||
msg = nickname + ': ' + content | ||
myclient.send(msg.encode('utf-8')) | ||
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if __name__ == '__main__': | ||
main() |
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from socket import socket | ||
from threading import Thread | ||
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def main(): | ||
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class ClientHandler(Thread): | ||
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def __init__(self, client): | ||
super().__init__() | ||
self._client = client | ||
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def run(self): | ||
try: | ||
while True: | ||
try: | ||
data = self._client.recv(1024) | ||
if data.decode('utf-8') == 'byebye': | ||
clients.remove(self._client) | ||
self._client.close() | ||
break | ||
else: | ||
for client in clients: | ||
client.send(data) | ||
except Exception as e: | ||
print(e) | ||
clients.remove(self._client) | ||
break | ||
except Exception as e: | ||
print(e) | ||
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server = socket() | ||
server.bind(('10.7.189.118', 12345)) | ||
server.listen(512) | ||
clients = [] | ||
while True: | ||
curr_client, addr = server.accept() | ||
print(addr[0], '连接到服务器.') | ||
clients.append(curr_client) | ||
ClientHandler(curr_client).start() | ||
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if __name__ == '__main__': | ||
main() |
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from socket import socket | ||
from json import loads | ||
from base64 import b64decode | ||
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def main(): | ||
client = socket() | ||
client.connect(('192.168.1.2', 5566)) | ||
# 定义一个保存二进制数据的对象 | ||
in_data = bytes() | ||
# 由于不知道服务器发送的数据有多大每次接收1024字节 | ||
data = client.recv(1024) | ||
while data: | ||
# 将收到的数据拼接起来 | ||
in_data += data | ||
data = client.recv(1024) | ||
# 将收到的二进制数据解码成JSON字符串并转换成字典 | ||
# loads函数的作用就是将JSON字符串转成字典对象 | ||
my_dict = loads(in_data.decode('utf-8')) | ||
filename = my_dict['filename'] | ||
filedata = my_dict['filedata'].encode('utf-8') | ||
with open('/Users/Hao/' + filename, 'wb') as f: | ||
# 将base64格式的数据解码成二进制数据并写入文件 | ||
f.write(b64decode(filedata)) | ||
print('图片已保存.') | ||
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if __name__ == '__main__': | ||
main() |
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from socket import socket, SOCK_STREAM, AF_INET | ||
from base64 import b64encode | ||
from json import dumps | ||
from threading import Thread | ||
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def main(): | ||
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# 自定义线程类 | ||
class FileTransferHandler(Thread): | ||
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def __init__(self, cclient): | ||
super().__init__() | ||
self.cclient = cclient | ||
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def run(self): | ||
my_dict = {} | ||
my_dict['filename'] = 'guido.jpg' | ||
# JSON是纯文本不能携带二进制数据 | ||
# 所以图片的二进制数据要处理成base64编码 | ||
my_dict['filedata'] = data | ||
# 通过dumps函数将字典处理成JSON字符串 | ||
json_str = dumps(my_dict) | ||
# 发送JSON字符串 | ||
self.cclient.send(json_str.encode('utf-8')) | ||
self.cclient.close() | ||
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# 1.创建套接字对象并指定使用哪种传输服务 | ||
server = socket() | ||
# 2.绑定IP地址和端口(区分不同的服务) | ||
server.bind(('192.168.1.2', 5566)) | ||
# 3.开启监听 - 监听客户端连接到服务器 | ||
server.listen(512) | ||
print('服务器启动开始监听...') | ||
with open('guido.jpg', 'rb') as f: | ||
# 将二进制数据处理成base64再解码成字符串 | ||
data = b64encode(f.read()).decode('utf-8') | ||
while True: | ||
client, addr = server.accept() | ||
# 用一个字典(键值对)来保存要发送的各种数据 | ||
# 待会可以将字典处理成JSON格式在网络上传递 | ||
FileTransferHandler(client).start() | ||
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if __name__ == '__main__': | ||
main() |
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from time import time | ||
from threading import Thread | ||
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import requests | ||
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class DownloadHanlder(Thread): | ||
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def __init__(self, url): | ||
super().__init__() | ||
self.url = url | ||
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def run(self): | ||
filename = self.url[self.url.rfind('/') + 1:] | ||
resp = requests.get(self.url) | ||
with open('/Users/Hao/Downloads/' + filename, 'wb') as f: | ||
f.write(resp.content) | ||
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def main(): | ||
# 通过requests模块的get函数获取网络资源 | ||
resp = requests.get( | ||
'http://api.tianapi.com/meinv/?key=772a81a51ae5c780251b1f98ea431b84&num=10') | ||
# 将服务器返回的JSON格式的数据解析为字典 | ||
data_model = resp.json() | ||
for mm_dict in data_model['newslist']: | ||
url = mm_dict['picUrl'] | ||
# 通过多线程的方式实现图片下载 | ||
DownloadHanlder(url).start() | ||
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if __name__ == '__main__': | ||
main() |
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