shiftOut is currently written to output 1 byte (8 bits) so it requires a two step operation to output values larger than 255:
digitalWrite(ENABLE, HIGH);
shiftOut(DATA, CLOCK, LSBFIRST, numRight[i]);
shiftOut(DATA, CLOCK, MSBFIRST, numLeft[x]);
digitalWrite(ENABLE, LOW);
For more information:
https://www.arduino.cc/reference/es/language/functions/advanced-io/shiftout/