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Hi-Res WAV player for Raspberry Pi Pico

Scene3_5 Scene2

Overview

RPi_Pico_WAV_Player is Hi-Res WAV player for Raspberry Pi Pico.

This project features:

  • Playback up to Hi-Res WAV format
    • Channel: Mono, Stereo
    • Bit resolution: 16bit, 24bit
    • Sampling frequency: 44.1KHz, 48KHz, 88.2KHz, 96KHz, 176.4KHz, 192KHz
  • SD Card interface (exFAT supported)
  • 160x80 LCD display
  • UI Control by 3 Push buttons or Headphone Remote Control buttons
  • Display Tag information by ID3v2 tag (RIFF ID3v2), otherwise by LIST chunk in WAV file
  • Display Coverart image from JPEG bitstream in ID3v2 tag, otherwise from JPEG file in the folder
  • Volume Control Function by fully utilizing 32bit DAC range

Supported Board and Peripheral Devices

  • Raspberry Pi Pico board
    • or Waveshare RP2040-LCD-0.96 board
  • ST7735S 0.96" 160x80 LCD (for Raspberry Pi Pico board only)
  • PCM5102 32bit I2S Audio DAC

Pin Assignment & Connection

PCM5102

Pico Pin # GPIO Function Connection
21 GP16 BCK to PCM5102 BCK (13)
22 GP17 LRCK to PCM5102 LRCK (15)
23 GND GND GND
24 GP18 SDO to PCM5102 DIN (14)
32 GP27 AUDIO_DAC_ENABLE to PCM5102 XSMT (17)
36 / 40 3V3(OUT) / VBUS VCC to VIN of PCM5102 board

From DAC noise's point of view, it is recommended to provide the power of PCM5102 from VBUS (5V). For battery operation, use 3V3(OUT) pin as described in schematic.

PCM5102_schematic

PCM5102 Board Setting

  • tie PCM5102 SCK (12) to low (bridge short land)
  • H1L (FLT) = L
  • H2L (DEMP) = L
  • H3L (XSMT): Remove the bridge to H and connect GP27
  • H4L (FMT) = L

PCM5102_Board_setting

ST7735S LCD driver

Pico Pin # GPIO Function Connection
12 GP9 GPIO BLK
14 GP10 SPI1_SCK SCL
15 GP11 SPI1_TX SDA
17 GP13 SPI1_CSn CS
18 GND GND GND
19 GP14 GPIO DC
20 GP15 GPIO RES
36 3V3(OUT) 3.3V VCC
  • Raspberry Pi Pico board only

st7735s_schematic

SD Card interface

Pico Pin # GPIO Function Connection
4 GP2 SPI0_SCK CLK (5)
5 GP3 SPI0_TX CMD (3)
6 GP4 SPI0_RX DAT0 (7)
7 GP5 SPI0_CSn CD/DAT3 (2)
8 GND GND VSS (6)
36 3V3(OUT) 3.3V VDD (4)

Caution

  • Wire length between Pico and SD card is very sensitive. Short wiring as possible is desired, otherwise access errors will occur.

microsd_schematic

Control Switches

Either of GPIO Push Buttons or Headphone Remote Control Buttons need to be implemented at least.

Pico Pin # GPIO Function Connection
26 GP20 GPIO Push Button (Minus)
27 GP21 GPIO Conditional Pullup for Buttons
29 GP22 GPIO Push Button (Plus)
31 GP26 ADC0 Headphone Remote Control (MIC pin) and/or Push Button (Center)

buttons_schematic

  • 2.2Kohm pullup resister is mandatory for both cases.

Breadboard implementation

Raspberry Pi Pico board / Waveshare RP2040-LCD-0.96 board

Schematic

For complete portable player with Li-Po battery operation, refer to the following schematics which describe additional power control circuit.

Raspberry Pi Pico board

RPi_Pico_WAV_Player_schematic.pdf

Waveshare RP2040-LCD-0.96 board

RPi_Pico_WAV_Player_Waveshare-RP2040-LCD096_schematic.pdf

How to build

  • See "Getting started with Raspberry Pi Pico"
  • Put "pico-sdk", "pico-examples" and "pico-extras" on the same level with this project folder.
  • Set environmental variables for PICO_SDK_PATH, PICO_EXTRAS_PATH and PICO_EXAMPLES_PATH
  • Confirmed with Pico SDK 2.0.0
> git clone -b 2.0.0 https://github.com/raspberrypi/pico-sdk.git
> cd pico-sdk
> git submodule update -i
> cd ..
> git clone -b sdk-2.0.0 https://github.com/raspberrypi/pico-examples.git
>
> git clone -b sdk-2.0.0 https://github.com/raspberrypi/pico-extras.git
> 
> git clone -b main https://github.com/elehobica/RPi_Pico_WAV_Player.git
> cd RPi_Pico_WAV_Player
> git submodule update -i
> cd ..

Windows

  • Build is confirmed with Developer Command Prompt for VS 2022 and Visual Studio Code on Windows environment
  • Confirmed with cmake-3.27.2-windows-x86_64 and gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10-win32
  • Lanuch "Developer Command Prompt for VS 2022"
> cd RPi_Pico_WAV_Player
> mkdir build && cd build
> cmake -G "NMake Makefiles" ..
> nmake
  • Put "RPi_Pico_WAV_Player.uf2" on RPI-RP2 drive

Linux

$ cd RPi_Pico_WAV_Player
$ mkdir build && cd build
$ cmake ..
$ make -j4
  • Download "RPi_Pico_WAV_Player.uf2" on RPI-RP2 drive

Button Control Guide

UI Control is available with GPIO 3 push switches or 3 button Headphone Remote Control. For Headphone Remote Control, Connect MIC pin to GP26 of Raspberry Pi Pico. GP26 also needs to be pulled-up by 2.2Kohm from GP21. See schematic for detail.

FileView Mode

  • Plus/Minus button to go up/down for file selection
  • Center 1 click to get into the folder
  • Center 1 click to play WAV file (go to Play Mode)
  • Center 2 clicks to go parent folder
  • Center 3 clicks to Random album play (go to Play Mode)
  • Long push Center button to go to Config Mode
  • 1 min passed without any button after play finished: Sequential/SequentialRepeat/Repeat/Random album play (go to Play Mode)

Play Mode

  • Plus/Minus button for volume up/down
  • Center 1 click to pause/play
  • Center 2 clicks to stop (go back to FileView Mode)
  • Center 3 clicks to Random album play
  • Long push Center button to go to Config Mode

Config Mode

  • Plus/Minus button to go up/down to select config items
  • Center 1 click to determine config values
  • Center 2 clicks to go back to previous Mode (FileView or Play)
  • Long push to Power Off (Optional: additional circuit needed)

Power On (Optional: additional circuit needed)

  • Long push Center button or any buttons of Headphone Remote Control

Image File Format

Opening Logo File

  • Put "logo.jpg" on root Folder of SD Card
  • File Format: JPEG format (Progressive JPEG not supported)
  • logo.jpg example

Cover Art File

  • Put JPEG bitstream in ID3v2 tag of WAV file
  • Otherwise, put JPEG file on same folder where WAV files are located
  • JPEG format: Progressive JPEG not supported

Config Menu

  • See ConfigMenu for the detail of Config Menu items

LCD Config

  • ST7735S 0.96" 160x80 LCD could require different configuration for its position offset, rotation, mirror and color order. It is hard to distinguish which type of configuration is needed from the module outlook.
  • Suitable configuration out of 3 types(1, 2, 3) can be selected from Display -> LCD Config menu from Config Mode.

Volume

  • The volume function applies the scale factor less than x1.0 to 32bit normalized sampling data / channel, which is sent to 32bit audio DAC.
  • To preserve the original linearity with the best quality of the audio DAC, playing with volume 100 is desirable.
  • For 16bit WAV, the number of resolution steps will be maintained theoritically at any volume values except for 0.
  • For 24bit WAV, the number of resolution steps will be spoiled if applying the volume less than 34.
  • For 32bit (int) WAV, the number of resolution steps will be spoiled if applying the volume less than 100.

microSD card

Card selection for Hi-Res playing

  • The read speed stability is needed for playing Hi-Res WAV such as 24bit 192.0 KHz. In this project, the read operation is done by single bit SPI interface, which gives more severe limiation to the actual read speed perfomance compared to the nominal performance of the card.
  • In case of lack of card reading speed for playing, instant mute will be inserted while playing and the warning message will be displayed on serial terminal.
  • The read speed stability in this project is not always propotional to the maximum performance of the card, therefore, it is worth trying other grade/vendor's card if facing at read speed stability problem.
  • Format micorSD card in exFAT with official SD Card Formatter before usage.
  • Following table is, just for reference, recommend of microSD cards. Comments are about the buffer margin for playing under the condition with more than half of the card storage capacity used. (It could get worse if near-full storage capacity is used.)
# Vendor Product Name Part Number Comment
1 Samsung PRO Plus 256GB MB-MD256SA Pretty fine with 24bit 192KHz playing
1 Kioxia Exceria G2 256GB LMEX2L256GG2 Pretty fine with 24bit 192KHz playing
3 SanDisk Extreme PRO 256GB SDSQXCD-256G-GN6MA Fine with 24bit 192KHz playing
4 SanDisk Ultra 256GB SDSQUAC-256G-GN6MN Pretty fine with 24bit 96KHz playing

Card trouble shooting

  • In case of card mount error or fundamental access errors, please confirm with FatFs test lib/pico_fatfs/test.

Hi-Res WAV contents

  • In addition to existing contents, Hi-Res WAV contents can be generated by pico_spdif_recorder.