Unity Review

This repo contains my study notes and learning projects contained in the course Complete C# Unity Game Developer 3D

Projects Overview

Unity Notes

PlayAroundLab

• press alt + left mouse button to look around the scene
• press f to focus on an object / a group of objects
• use Command + D to make a quick copy of the game object
• drag the game object to Assets to create its Prefabs
• use Q(View), W(Move), E(Rotate), R(Scale), T(Rect), Y(Transform) to switch the functionality of the cursor

ObstacleGame

• public class Mover : MonoBehaviour
  {
      // Start is called before the first frame update
      void Start()
      {
        transform.Translate(1, 0, 0); // the object would only move once
      }
  
      // Update is called once per frame
      void Update()
      {
          transform.Translate(0.01f, 0f, 0f); // the object would keep moving along x axis
      }
  }
  

• transform

  • transform.Translate(xValue, yValue, zValue);
  • transform.Rotate(xAngle, yAngle, zAngle);

• [SerializeField] float x = 0.1f; => could edit the x field more easily in Unity Editor

• float xValue = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");  // (old Input System) could use xValue/yValue to do transform
  float yValue = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
  

• Time.deltaTime => frame rate independent

• use Cinemachine to follow an object

  1. Install Cinimachine from Package Manager
  2. Add Cinimachine Brain component to camera
  3. Add Virtual Camera and rename
  4. Point the Virtual Camera to follow the player (set Body->Framing Transposer, set Follow->target object)
  5. Tune distance

• Basic Collision

  1. check the Box Collider component option for items that need to handle collision
  2. add Rigidbody component to Player object
  3. add some constraints on position/rotation to the rigid body of player object
  • OnCollisionEnter() callback method would be called every time the attached object gets hit

    public class ObjectHit : MonoBehaviour
    {
        private void OnCollisionEnter(Collision other)
        {
            Debug.Log("Bumped into a wall");
        }
    }
    

    (attach ObjectHit script to the Wall object)

• GetComponent<>() method => get/set the wanted components

  GetComponent<MeshRenderer>().material.color = Color.black;  // return type => MeshRenderer
  GetComponent<MeshRenderer>().enabled = false; // make the attached game Object disappear
  GetComponent<Rigidbody>.useGravity = false; // disable the gravity functionality
  GetComponent<Rigidbody>.AddRelativeForce(Vector3.up * mainThrust * Time.deltaTime); // add a force to the attaching object
  

• Time.time => get the time elapsed from the starting of the game to current frame

• tag

  private void OnCollisionEnter(Collision other)
  {
      if (other.gameObject.tag == "Player")
      {
          // Debug.Log("Bumped into a wall");
          GetComponent<MeshRenderer>().material.color = Color.black;
          this.gameObject.tag = "Hit";
      }
  }
  

ProjectBoost

• we could ajust gravity, which identified as a Vector3 in unity, in Project Settings -Physics -Gravity.

• Audio

  • add Audio Listener component to the Main Camera
  • add Audio Source component to an object
  • attach an audio source file as the Audio Clip of the Audio Source

• Control Audio

  AudioSource audioSource = GetComponent<AudioSource>();
  

  • check if the audio is playing: audioSource.isPlaying; // a true/false property
  • play the sound: audioSource.Play(); // have to attach a AudioClip instance in inspector in this case
  • play a specific sound
    1. declare some serialize fields of type AudioClip in the Script, e.g.

    [SerielizeField] AudioClip success;
    

    2. declare a AudioSource field audioSource and initialize it in Start() method
    3. use audioSource.PlayOneShot(success); to call the specified sound
  • stop the sound: audioSource.Stop();

• Unity SceneManagement

  using UnityEngine.SceneManagement;
  

  • File -Build Settings -Add scenes to Scenes In Build
  • use SceneManagement to respawn the game

      int currentSceneIndex = SceneManager.GetActiveScene().buildIndex;
      SceneManager.LoadScene(currentSceneIndex);
    

  • use SceneManagement to get the total number of scene
    • int totalNumber = SceneManager.sceneCountInBuildSettings;

• Invoke method => delay the method calling after certain seconds

  Invoke("StartSuccessSequence", 1f);
  

• Prefab

  1. if we edit the object created from Prefab, it wouldn't affect the Prefab / other objects created from Prefab
  2. if we edit the Prefab, it would affect all the objects created from Prefab

• Transform properties of child objects are relative to their parent objects

• Particle System

  • in the scene, do -effect -Particle Systems to create a new particle system
  • in the code, e.g., a collision handler

  [SerializeField] ParticleSystem successParticles;
  
  void SomeMethodTriggerredWhenColliding()
  {
    successParticles.Play();
  }