feat(docs): Open Shortest Path First Version 2

Signed-off-by: Royal Simpson Pinto <[email protected]>
dentproject · Jun 2, 2024 · 0a708a0 · 0a708a0
1 parent d843e54
commit 0a708a0
Show file tree

Hide file tree

Showing 2 changed files with 296 additions and 0 deletions.
diff --git a/Images/ImagesForNetworkConfiguration/OSPFv2.png b/Images/ImagesForNetworkConfiguration/OSPFv2.png
diff --git a/NetworkConfigurations/RoutingAndForwarding/OSPFv2.md b/NetworkConfigurations/RoutingAndForwarding/OSPFv2.md
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+---
+title: Open Shortest Path First Version 2
+grand_parent: Network Configuration
+parent: Routing and Forwarding
+nav_order: 3
+layout: default
+---
+
+# Open Shortest Path First Version 2 (OSPFv2)
+
+OSPFv2 is a widely used interior gateway protocol (IGP) for routing Internet Protocol (IP) packets within a single routing domain, which can be an autonomous system. It uses a link-state routing algorithm and provides efficient and scalable routing in large and complex network topologies. For more information, please refer- [OSPFv2](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2328).
+
+This document provides detailed instructions for installing and configuring OSPFv2 on DENT devices using FRR (Free Range Routing).
+
+## Installation of FRR
+
+To install FRR (Free Range Routing) with OSPF support on DENT Devices, follow the steps below:
+
+### Installation using APT:
+
+```
+curl -s https://deb.frrouting.org/frr/keys.gpg | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/frrouting.gpg > /dev/null
+
+FRRVER="frr-stable"
+echo deb '[signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/frrouting.gpg]' https://deb.frrouting.org/frr \
+     $(lsb_release -s -c) $FRRVER | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/frr.list
+
+sudo apt update && sudo apt install frr frr-pythontools
+```
+
+Note: Ensure that `apt-transport-https` and `curl` are installed before proceeding with the installation.
+
+### Installation using Snapcraft (Alternative Method):
+
+```
+sudo apt update
+sudo apt install snapd
+sudo snap install core
+
+sudo snap install frr
+```
+
+### Start and Enable FRR Service:
+
+```
+sudo systemctl start frr
+sudo systemctl enable frr
+```
+
+Output-
+
+```
+Synchronizing state of frr.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
+Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable frr
+```
+
+## Example Configuration
+
+### Enable OSPFd:
+
+Edit the FRR daemon configuration file on both the devices:
+
+```
+sudo nano /etc/frr/daemons
+```
+
+Ensure the following configuration:
+
+```
+zebra=yes
+bgpd=no
+ospfd=yes
+ospf6d=no
+ripd=no
+ripngd=no
+```
+
+<p align="center">
+  <img src="../../Images/ImagesForNetworkConfiguration/OSPFv2.png" alt="OSPFv2">
+</p>
+
+### Assign IP Addresses:
+
+On Device 1 (dent3.2-1):
+
+```
+ip addr add 192.168.1.3/24 dev enp0s4
+ip link set dev enp0s4 up
+```
+
+On Device 2 (dent3.2-2):
+
+```
+ip addr add 192.168.1.2/24 dev enp0s4
+ip link set dev enp0s4 up
+```
+
+### Configure OSPF:
+
+Edit the FRR configuration file on both the devices:
+
+```
+sudo nano /etc/frr/frr.conf
+```
+
+Add the following configuration to the file:
+
+```
+! Enable OSPF routing process
+router ospf
+
+! Configure OSPF on the enp0s4 interface
+interface enp0s4
+  ip ospf area 0
+```
+
+**Note:** The configuration may vary depending on user requirements.
+
+### Restart FRR:
+
+```
+sudo systemctl restart frr
+```
+
+### Interacting with OSPF:
+
+To access the interactive OSPF shell:
+
+```
+sudo vtysh
+```
+
+Output-
+
+```
+Hello, this is FRRouting (version 8.5).
+Copyright 1996-2005 Kunihiro Ishiguro, et al.
+```
+
+After accessing the `vtysh` shell, you can execute OSPF-specific commands such as `show ip ospf`, `show ip ospf neighbor`, and `show ip route` to inspect OSPF configurations and neighbor relationships.
+
+- `show ip ospf`: Displays the current status and configuration details of the OSPF routing process.
+- `show ip ospf neighbor`: Lists the OSPF neighbor relationships and their statuses.
+- `show ip route`: Shows the current routing table and all the IP routes known to the device.
+
+For more information on these and other available commands, please refer to [OSPFv2 FRR](https://docs.frrouting.org/en/latest/ospfd.html).
+
+**Device 1 (dent3.2-1) Output:**
+
+```
+localhost# show ip ospf
+
+ OSPF Routing Process, Router ID: 192.168.122.239
+ Supports only single TOS (TOS0) routes
+ This implementation conforms to RFC2328
+ RFC1583Compatibility flag is disabled
+ OpaqueCapability flag is disabled
+ Initial SPF scheduling delay 0 millisec(s)
+ Minimum hold time between consecutive SPFs 50 millisec(s)
+ Maximum hold time between consecutive SPFs 5000 millisec(s)
+ Hold time multiplier is currently 1
+ SPF algorithm last executed 24m06s ago
+ Last SPF duration 18 usecs
+ SPF timer is inactive
+ LSA minimum interval 5000 msecs
+ LSA minimum arrival 1000 msecs
+ Write Multiplier set to 20
+ Refresh timer 10 secs
+ Maximum multiple paths(ECMP) supported 256
+ Administrative distance 110
+ Number of external LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x00000000
+ Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x00000000
+ Number of areas attached to this router: 1
+ Area ID: 0.0.0.0 (Backbone)
+   Number of interfaces in this area: Total: 1, Active: 1
+   Number of fully adjacent neighbors in this area: 1
+   Area has no authentication
+   SPF algorithm executed 3 times
+   Number of LSA 3
+   Number of router LSA 2. Checksum Sum 0x00016820
+   Number of network LSA 1. Checksum Sum 0x00000c16
+   Number of summary LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x00000000
+   Number of ASBR summary LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x00000000
+   Number of NSSA LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x00000000
+   Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x00000000
+   Number of opaque area LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x00000000
+```
+
+```
+localhost# show ip route
+
+Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP,
+       O - OSPF, I - IS-IS, B - BGP, E - EIGRP, N - NHRP,
+       T - Table, v - VNC, V - VNC-Direct, A - Babel, F - PBR,
+       f - OpenFabric,
+       > - selected route, * - FIB route, q - queued, r - rejected, b - backup
+       t - trapped, o - offload failure
+
+K>* 0.0.0.0/0 [0/0] via 192.168.122.1, ma1, 00:27:17
+O   192.168.1.0/24 [110/100] is directly connected, enp0s4, weight 1, 00:27:17
+C>* 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, enp0s4, 00:27:17
+C>* 192.168.122.0/24 is directly connected, ma1, 00:27:17
+```
+
+```
+localhost# show ip ospf neighbor
+
+Neighbor ID     Pri State           Up Time         Dead Time Address         Interface                        RXmtL RqstL DBsmL
+192.168.122.24    1 Full/DR         28m50s            39.104s 192.168.1.2     enp0s4:192.168.1.3                   0     0     0
+```
+
+**Device 2 (dent3.2-2) Output:**
+
+```
+localhost# show ip ospf
+
+ OSPF Routing Process, Router ID: 192.168.122.24
+ Supports only single TOS (TOS0) routes
+ This implementation conforms to RFC2328
+ RFC1583Compatibility flag is disabled
+ OpaqueCapability flag is disabled
+ Initial SPF scheduling delay 0 millisec(s)
+ Minimum hold time between consecutive SPFs 50 millisec(s)
+ Maximum hold time between consecutive SPFs 5000 millisec(s)
+ Hold time multiplier is currently 1
+ SPF algorithm last executed 25m45s ago
+ Last SPF duration 40 usecs
+ SPF timer is inactive
+ LSA minimum interval 5000 msecs
+ LSA minimum arrival 1000 msecs
+ Write Multiplier set to 20
+ Refresh timer 10 secs
+ Maximum multiple paths(ECMP) supported 256
+ Administrative distance 110
+ Number of external LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x00000000
+ Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x00000000
+ Number of areas attached to this router: 1
+ Area ID: 0.0.0.0 (Backbone)
+   Number of interfaces in this area: Total: 1, Active: 1
+   Number of fully adjacent neighbors in this area: 1
+   Area has no authentication
+   SPF algorithm executed 3 times
+   Number of LSA 3
+   Number of router LSA 2. Checksum Sum 0x00016820
+   Number of network LSA 1. Checksum Sum 0x00000c16
+   Number of summary LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x00000000
+   Number of ASBR summary LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x00000000
+   Number of NSSA LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x00000000
+   Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x00000000
+   Number of opaque area LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x00000000
+```
+
+```
+localhost# show ip route
+
+Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP,
+       O - OSPF, I - IS-IS, B - BGP, E - EIGRP, N - NHRP,
+       T - Table, v - VNC, V - VNC-Direct, A - Babel, F - PBR,
+       f - OpenFabric,
+       > - selected route, * - FIB route, q - queued, r - rejected, b - backup
+       t - trapped, o - offload failure
+
+K>* 0.0.0.0/0 [0/0] via 192.168.122.1, ma1, 00:30:12
+O   192.168.1.0/24 [110/100] is directly connected, enp0s4, weight 1, 00:30:12
+C>* 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, enp0s4, 00:30:12
+C>* 192.168.122.0/24 is directly connected, ma1, 00:30:12
+```
+
+```
+localhost# show ip ospf neighbor
+
+Neighbor ID     Pri State           Up Time         Dead Time Address         Interface                        RXmtL RqstL DBsmL
+192.168.122.239   1 Full/Backup     28m01s            30.286s 192.168.1.3     enp0s4:192.168.1.2                   0     0     0
+```
+
+**Connectivity Verification:**
+
+```
+dent3.2-1# ping 192.168.1.2
+PING 192.168.1.2 (192.168.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
+64 bytes from 192.168.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=3.15 ms
+64 bytes from 192.168.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=9.17 ms
+64 bytes from 192.168.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=3.83 ms
+64 bytes from 192.168.1.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=11.8 ms
+```
+
+```
+dent3.2-2# ping 192.168.1.3
+PING 192.168.1.3 (192.168.1.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
+64 bytes from 192.168.1.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=3.34 ms
+64 bytes from 192.168.1.3: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=11.5 ms
+64 bytes from 192.168.1.3: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=8.71 ms
+64 bytes from 192.168.1.3: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=4.64 ms
+```
+
+By following these steps, you will have successfully installed and configured OSPFv2 on your DENT devices using FRR. This setup ensures efficient and scalable routing within your network. Adjust configurations as needed based on specific requirements. For further customization, refer to [OSPFv2 FRR](https://docs.frrouting.org/en/latest/ospfd.html) documentation.