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add unit testing callout to upgrade guide (#4997)
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## What are you changing in this pull request and why?
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Part 1 of #4998

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matthewshaver authored Feb 27, 2024
2 parents f463af2 + 2df4703 commit 54373fc
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Expand Up @@ -53,6 +53,14 @@ dbt test --select "test_type:data" # run all data tests

Unit tests are defined in YML files in your `models/` directory and are currently only supported on SQL models. To distinguish between the two, the `tests:` config has been renamed to `data_tests:`. Both are currently supported for backward compatibility.

### Unit testing

Historically, dbt's test coverage was confined to [“data” tests](/docs/build/data-tests), assessing the quality of input data or resulting datasets' structure.

In `1.8`, we're introducing native support for [unit testing](/docs/build/unit-tests). Unit tests validate your SQL modeling logic on a small set of static inputs __before__ you materialize your full model in production. They support a test-driven development approach, improving both the efficiency of developers and reliability of code.

To distinguish between unit test and data test configurations, the `tests:` config has been renamed to `data_tests:` - both will currently be supported for backwards compatability.

### The `--empty` flag

The [`run`](/reference/commands/run#the-`--empty`-flag) and [`build`](/reference/commands/build#the---empty-flag) commands now support the `--empty` flag for building schema-only dry runs. The `--empty` flag limits the refs and sources to zero rows. dbt will still execute the model SQL against the target data warehouse but will avoid expensive reads of input data. This validates dependencies and ensures your models will build properly.
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