remove tests covered by dbt-core

[MichelleArk]

resolves #N/A
docs dbt-labs/docs.getdbt.com/#

Problem

From testing in https://github.com/dbt-labs/dbt-postgres/actions/runs/10775130606:

tests/functional/adapter/test_debug.py: 8 warnings
tests/functional/adapter/test_empty.py: 1 warning
tests/functional/minimal_cli/test_minimal_cli.py: 3 warnings
tests/functional/test_dbt_runner.py: 5 warnings
tests/functional/test_init.py: 5 warnings
tests/functional/test_multiple_indexes.py: 1 warning
...
tests/functional/deprecations/test_config_deprecations.py FFFFF....      [ 38%]

Solution

tests/functional/adapter/test_debug.py -> actually an adapter test
tests/functional/adapter/test_empty.py -> actually an adapter test
tests/functional/minimal_cli/test_minimal_cli.py -> should exclusively be a dbt-core test
tests/functional/test_dbt_runner.py -> should exclusively be a dbt-core test
tests/functional/test_init.py -> should exclusively be a dbt-core test (don't even think an adapter gets loaded for this one)
tests/functional/test_multiple_indexes.py -> dbt-postgres specific test
tests/functional/deprecations/test_config_deprecations.py -> should be dbt-core only, and drift introduced in dbt-labs/dbt-core#10670

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me
• I have run this code in development and it appears to resolve the stated issue
• This PR includes tests, or tests are not required/relevant for this PR
• This PR has no interface changes (e.g. macros, cli, logs, json artifacts, config files, adapter interface, etc) or this PR has already received feedback and approval from Product or DX

[github-actions]

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