Support Python v3.13

[mohammedbabelly20]

Support Python 3.13, deprecate Python 3.7, and Python 3.8 is now the minimum version of Python required.
cffi has been updated to 1.17.1 as well.

[priitlatt]

Revise usages of typing_extensions in code. I think we're only importing Literal and Protocol from there; both of which were added to stdlib's typing module in Python 3.8. Altogether this means we can probably remove this dev-dependency too.

[priitlatt]

Looks good

Edit: Dismissed

Found tangling Python 3.7 reference

[priitlatt]

Some more changes are necessary:

• Readme suggests that Python 3.7 is minimum supported version:

  cli-tools/README.md

  Line 15 in dcda8b5

  The package requires Python version 3.7+.

• Some cleanup can be done in codemagic.apple.app_store_connect.resource_manager:

  cli-tools/src/codemagic/apple/app_store_connect/resource_manager.py

  Lines 59 to 60 in dcda8b5

  	# TODO: Once Python 3.7 support is removed and we have Protocols
  	# available in runtime, then those can be removed.

[priitlatt]

Changes in b234000 seems to resolve the remaining issues from #441 (review).

So looks good again. Hopefully permanently this time.