XVerse: Consistent Multi-Subject Control of Identity and Semantic Attributes via DiT Modulation

🔥 News

• 2025.7.18: Supports quantized diffusion models, and add group offload to run the XVerse model in 16GB VRAM.
• 2025.7.10: Release huggingface space demo.
• 2025.7.8: Supports low VRAM inference, can run the XVerse model in 24GB VRAM.
• 2025.6.26: The code has been released!

📖 Introduction

XVerse introduces a novel approach to multi-subject image synthesis, offering precise and independent control over individual subjects without disrupting the overall image latents or features. We achieve this by transforming reference images into offsets for token-specific text-stream modulation.

This innovation enables high-fidelity, editable image generation where you can robustly control both individual subject characteristics (identity) and their semantic attributes. XVerse significantly enhances capabilities for personalized and complex scene generation.

⚡️ Quick Start

Requirements and Installation

First, install the necessary dependencies:

# Create a conda environment named XVerse with Python version 3.10.16
conda create -n XVerse python=3.10.16 -y
# Activate the XVerse environment
conda activate XVerse
# Install the correct version of pytorch (According to your machine)
pip install torch==2.6.0 torchvision==0.21.0 torchaudio==2.6.0 --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu124
# Use pip to install the dependencies specified in requirements.txt
pip install -r requirements.txt
# Install flash-attn
pip install flash-attn==2.7.4.post1 --no-build-isolation
# Update version of httpx
pip install httpx==0.23.3

Next, download the required checkpoints:

cd checkpoints
bash ./download_ckpts.sh
cd ..

Important: You'll also need to download the face recognition model model_ir_se50.pth from InsightFace_Pytorch and place it directly into the ./checkpoints/ folder.

After that, you can export the model paths as environment variables. This step ensures that the subsequent inference scripts can locate the necessary models correctly:

export FLORENCE2_MODEL_PATH="./checkpoints/Florence-2-large"
export SAM2_MODEL_PATH="./checkpoints/sam2.1_hiera_large.pt"
export FACE_ID_MODEL_PATH="./checkpoints/model_ir_se50.pth"
export CLIP_MODEL_PATH="./checkpoints/clip-vit-large-patch14"
export FLUX_MODEL_PATH="./checkpoints/FLUX.1-dev"
export DPG_VQA_MODEL_PATH="./checkpoints/mplug_visual-question-answering_coco_large_en"
export DINO_MODEL_PATH="./checkpoints/dino-vits16"

Local Gradio Demo

To run the interactive Gradio demo locally, execute the following command:

python run_gradio.py

Input Settings Explained

The Gradio demo provides several parameters to control your image generation process:

• Prompt: The textual description guiding the image generation.
• Generated Height/Width: Use the sliders to set the shape of the output image.
• Weight_id/ip: Adjust these weight parameters. Higher values generally lead to better subject consistency but might slightly impact the naturalness of the generated image.
• latent_lora_scale and vae_lora_scale: Control the LoRA scale. Similar to Weight_id/ip, larger LoRA values can improve subject consistency but may reduce image naturalness.
• vae_skip_iter_before and vae_skip_iter_after: Configure VAE skip iterations. Skipping more steps can result in better naturalness but might compromise subject consistency.

Input Images

The demo provides detailed control over your input images:

• Expand Panel: Click "Input Image X" to reveal the options for each image.
• Upload Image: Click "Image X" to upload your desired reference image.
• Image Description: Enter a description in the "Caption X" input box. You can also click "Auto Caption" to generate a description automatically.
• Detection & Segmentation: Click "Det & Seg" to perform detection and segmentation on the uploaded image.
• Crop Face: Use "Crop Face" to automatically crop the face from the image.
• ID Checkbox: Check or uncheck "ID or not" to determine whether to use ID-related weights for that specific input image.

⚠️ Important Usage Notes:

• Prompt Construction: The main text prompt MUST include the exact text you entered in the Image Description field for each active image. Generation will fail if this description is missing from the prompt.
  • Example: If you upload two images and set their descriptions as "a man with red hair" (for Image 1) and "a woman with blue eyes" (for Image 2), your main prompt might be: "A a man with red hair walking beside a woman with blue eyes in a park."
  • You can then write your main prompt simply as: "ENT1 walking beside ENT2 in a park." The code will automatically replace these placeholders with the full description text before generation.
• Active Images: Only images in expanded (un-collapsed) panels will be fed into the model. Collapsed image panels are ignored.

Inference with Single Sample

To perform inference on a single sample, run the following command. You can customize the image generation by adjusting the parameters such as the prompt, seed, and output size:

python inference_single_sample.py --prompt "ENT1 wearing a tiny hat" --seed 42 --cond_size 256 --target_height 768 --target_width 768 --weight_id 3 --weight_ip 5 --latent_lora_scale 0.85 --vae_lora_scale 1.3 --vae_skip_iter_s1 0.05 --vae_skip_iter_s2 0.8 --images "sample/hamster.jpg" --captions "a hamster" --idips false --save_path "generated_image_1.png" --num_images 1

For inference with multiple condition images, use the command below. This allows you to incorporate multiple reference images into the generation process. Make sure to match the number of --images, --captions, and --ids values:

python inference_single_sample.py --prompt "ENT1, and ENT2 standing together in a park." --seed 42 --cond_size 256 --target_height 768 --target_width 768 --weight_id 2 --weight_ip 5 --latent_lora_scale 0.85 --vae_lora_scale 1.3 --vae_skip_iter_s1 0.05 --vae_skip_iter_s2 0.8 --images "sample/woman.jpg" "sample/girl.jpg" --captions "a woman" "a girl" --idips true true --save_path "generated_image_2.png" --num_images 1

⚡️ Low-VRAM Inference

Offload Modules to CPU

• During inference with a single sample or running gradio demo, you can enable low VRAM mode by adding the parameter --use_low_vram True or --use_lower_vram True.
• use_low_vram allows you to perform inference with up to two conditional images on a GPU equipped with 24GB of VRAM.
• use_lower_vram allows you to perform inference with up to three conditional images on a GPU equipped with 16GB of VRAM.
• Note that CPU offload significantly reduces inference speed and should only be enabled when necessary.

Quantized Diffusion Models

• You can download the quantized model from here into the checkpoints folder‌. Using the bnb-nf4 quantized model, you can run inference with a single condition on 32GB of VRAM, or perform inference with three conditions on 24GB of VRAM by enabling the CPU offloading feature. You need to modify the FLUX_MODEL_PATH environment variable and add the parameter --dit_quant None.
• You can also download the GGUF quantized model from here into the checkpoints folder‌. Using this GGUF quantized model, you can perform two-condition inference with 32GB of video memory, or achieve four-condition-based inference in a 24GB video memory environment by enabling the CPU offloading feature. You can run the inference using the following commands:

export FLUX_TRANSFORMERS_PATH="./checkpoints/FLUX.1-dev-gguf/flux1-dev-Q3_K_S.gguf"
export FLUX_MODEL_PATH="./checkpoints/FLUX.1-dev"
python inference_single_sample.py --prompt "ENT1, and ENT2 standing together in a park." --seed 42 --cond_size 256 --target_height 768 --target_width 768 --weight_id 3 --weight_ip 5 --latent_lora_scale 0.7 --vae_lora_scale 1.2 --vae_skip_iter_s1 0.05 --vae_skip_iter_s2 0.8 --images "sample/woman.jpg" "sample/girl.jpg" --captions "a woman" "a girl" --idips true true --save_path "generated_image_2-GGUF.png" --num_images 1 --dit_quant GGUF

Note: Quantized models may degrade the model's performance to some extent, and parameters like weight_id, weight_ip, and lora_scale may need to be re-adjusted.

Inference with XVerseBench

First, please download XVerseBench according to the contents in the assets folder. Then, when running inference, please execute the following command:

bash ./eval/eval_scripts/run_eval.sh

The script will automatically evaluate the model on the XVerseBench dataset and save the results in the ./results folder.

📌 ToDo

• Release github repo.
• Release arXiv paper.
• Release model checkpoints.
• Release inference data: XVerseBench.
• Release inference code for XVerseBench.
• Release inference code for gradio demo.
• Release inference code for single sample.
• Support inference in consumer-grade GPUs.
• Release huggingface space demo.
• Support quantized diffusion models.
• Release Benchmark Leaderboard.
• Release ComfyUI implementation.

License

The code in this project is licensed under Apache 2.0; the dataset is licensed under CC0, subject to the intellctual property owned by Bytedance. Meanwhile, the dataset is adapted from dreambench++, you should also comply with the license of dreambench++.

Acknowledgments

We sincerely thank Alex Nasa for deploying the Hugging Face demo with the FLUX.1-schnell model. You can experience this online demo by clicking here.

Citation

If XVerse is helpful, please help to ⭐ the repo.

If you find this project useful for your research, please consider citing our paper:

@article{chen2025xverse,
  title={XVerse: Consistent Multi-Subject Control of Identity and Semantic Attributes via DiT Modulation},
  author={Chen, Bowen and Zhao, Mengyi and Sun, Haomiao and Chen, Li and Wang, Xu and Du, Kang and Wu, Xinglong},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.21416},
  year={2025}


}