Fix zpl_test_super race with zfs_umount

We cannot call zpl_enter in zpl_test_super, because zpl_test_super is
under spinlock so we can't sleep, and also because zpl_test_super is
called without sb->s_umount taken, so it's possible we would race with
zfs_umount and call zpl_enter on freed zfsvfs.

Here's an stack trace when this happens:
[ 2379.114837] VERIFY(cvp->cv_magic == CV_MAGIC) failed
[ 2379.114845] PANIC at spl-condvar.c:497:__cv_broadcast()
[ 2379.114854] Kernel panic - not syncing: VERIFY(cvp->cv_magic == CV_MAGIC) failed
[ 2379.115012] Call Trace:
[ 2379.115019]  dump_stack+0x74/0x96
[ 2379.115024]  panic+0x114/0x2f6
[ 2379.115035]  spl_panic+0xcf/0xfc [spl]
[ 2379.115477]  __cv_broadcast+0x68/0xa0 [spl]
[ 2379.115585]  rrw_exit+0xb8/0x310 [zfs]
[ 2379.115696]  rrm_exit+0x4a/0x80 [zfs]
[ 2379.115808]  zpl_test_super+0xa9/0xd0 [zfs]
[ 2379.115920]  sget+0xd1/0x230
[ 2379.116033]  zpl_mount+0xdc/0x230 [zfs]
[ 2379.116037]  legacy_get_tree+0x28/0x50
[ 2379.116039]  vfs_get_tree+0x27/0xc0
[ 2379.116045]  path_mount+0x2fe/0xa70
[ 2379.116048]  do_mount+0x80/0xa0
[ 2379.116050]  __x64_sys_mount+0x8b/0xe0
[ 2379.116052]  do_syscall_64+0x35/0x50
[ 2379.116054]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x61/0xc6
[ 2379.116057] RIP: 0033:0x7f9912e8b26a

Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Chunwei Chen <[email protected]>
Closes openzfs#15077

module/os/linux/zfs/zfs_vfsops.c

@@ -1662,6 +1662,7 @@ zfs_umount(struct super_block *sb)
 	}
 
 	zfsvfs_free(zfsvfs);
+	sb->s_fs_info = NULL;
 	return (0);
 }
 

module/os/linux/zfs/zpl_super.c

@@ -277,28 +277,14 @@ zpl_test_super(struct super_block *s, void *data)
 {
 	zfsvfs_t *zfsvfs = s->s_fs_info;
 	objset_t *os = data;
-	int match;
-
 	/*
 	 * If the os doesn't match the z_os in the super_block, assume it is
 	 * not a match. Matching would imply a multimount of a dataset. It is
 	 * possible that during a multimount, there is a simultaneous operation
 	 * that changes the z_os, e.g., rollback, where the match will be
 	 * missed, but in that case the user will get an EBUSY.
 	 */
-	if (zfsvfs == NULL || os != zfsvfs->z_os)
-		return (0);
-
-	/*
-	 * If they do match, recheck with the lock held to prevent mounting the
-	 * wrong dataset since z_os can be stale when the teardown lock is held.
-	 */
-	if (zpl_enter(zfsvfs, FTAG) != 0)
-		return (0);
-	match = (os == zfsvfs->z_os);
-	zpl_exit(zfsvfs, FTAG);
-
-	return (match);
+	return (zfsvfs != NULL && os == zfsvfs->z_os);
 }
 
 static struct super_block *
@@ -324,12 +310,35 @@ zpl_mount_impl(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags, zfs_mnt_t *zm)
 
 	s = sget(fs_type, zpl_test_super, set_anon_super, flags, os);
 
+	/*
+	 * Recheck with the lock held to prevent mounting the wrong dataset
+	 * since z_os can be stale when the teardown lock is held.
+	 *
+	 * We can't do this in zpl_test_super in since it's under spinlock and
+	 * also s_umount lock is not held there so it would race with
+	 * zfs_umount and zfsvfs can be freed.
+	 */
+	if (!IS_ERR(s) && s->s_fs_info != NULL) {
+		zfsvfs_t *zfsvfs = s->s_fs_info;
+		if (zpl_enter(zfsvfs, FTAG) == 0) {
+			if (os != zfsvfs->z_os)
+				err = -SET_ERROR(EBUSY);
+			zpl_exit(zfsvfs, FTAG);
+		} else {
+			err = -SET_ERROR(EBUSY);
+		}
+	}
 	dsl_dataset_long_rele(dmu_objset_ds(os), FTAG);
 	dsl_dataset_rele(dmu_objset_ds(os), FTAG);
 
 	if (IS_ERR(s))
 		return (ERR_CAST(s));
 
+	if (err) {
+		deactivate_locked_super(s);
+		return (ERR_PTR(err));
+	}
+
 	if (s->s_root == NULL) {
 		err = zpl_fill_super(s, zm, flags & SB_SILENT ? 1 : 0);
 		if (err) {