Initial commit

.gitignore

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+.*
+!.gitignore

LICENSE.md

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+BSD 3-Clause License
+
+Copyright (c) 2022, Journal of Hamradio Informatics
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+  list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+  this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+  and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+* Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
+  contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+  this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

README.md

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+Tutorial: Chapel the Parallel Programming Language
+====
+
+![image](https://img.shields.io/badge/Chapel-1.28-red.svg)
+![image](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-BSD%203--Clause-darkblue.svg)
+
+[うさぎさんでもわかる並列言語Chapel (PDF)](https://nextzlog.dev/chpl.pdf) [(HTML)](https://nextzlog.dev/chpl)
+
+## Contribution
+
+Feel free to make issues at [nextzlog/todo](https://github.com/nextzlog/todo).
+Follow [@nextzlog](https://twitter.com/nextzlog) on Twitter.
+
+## License
+
+### Author
+
+[無線部開発班](https://nextzlog.dev)
+
+### Clauses
+
+[BSD 3-Clause License](LICENSE.md)

chapter1/baz.chpl

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+module Foo {
+	writeln("initilize Foo");
+	proc main() {
+		writeln("This is Foo");
+	}
+}
+module Bar {
+	writeln("initilize Bar");
+	proc main() {
+		writeln("This is Bar");
+	}
+}
+import baz.Foo;
+import baz.Bar;
+proc main() {
+	Foo.main();
+	Bar.main();
+}

chapter1/hello.chpl

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+/*
+multiline comments
+ or block comments
+*/
+writeln("Hello, world!"); // 1-line comments

chapter2/cast.chpl

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+writeln(1 + 2: real); // 3.0
+writeln(int: string); // int(64)

chapter2/reduce.chpl

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+writeln(+ scan(1..10)); // 1 3 6 10 15 21 28 36 45 55
+writeln("value, index: ", minloc reduce zip([3, 2, 1], 0..2)); // value, index: (1, 2)
+writeln("value, index: ", maxloc reduce zip([4, 5, 6], 0..2)); // value, index: (6, 2)

chapter3/config.chpl

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+config param foo = 121;
+config const bar = 121;
+config type num = uint;
+writeln(foo, bar, num: string);

chapter3/const.chpl

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+const foo: int = 12;
+const bar = 12;

chapter3/param.chpl

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+param foo: int = 12;
+param bar = 12;
+type num = int;

chapter3/types.chpl

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+param a: bool = true;
+param b: uint = 1919;
+param c: real = 8.10;
+param d: imag = 364i;
+param e: string = 'ABC' + "DEF";
+param f: Gibier = Gibier.Rabbit;
+enum Gibier {Deer, Boar, Rabbit};

chapter3/var.chpl

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+var foo: int = 12;
+var bar: int;
+foo = 889464;
+var a = "golden axe.";
+var b = "silver axe.";
+a <=> b;
+writeln(a, b, foo);

chapter4/break.chpl

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+while true do break;
+for 1..100 do continue;
+label outside for i in 1..10 do for j in 1..10 do break outside;

chapter4/for.chpl

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+for i in 1..100 do writeln(i);

chapter4/if.chpl

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+const age = 18;
+if age < 18 then {
+	writeln("Adults Only");
+} else {
+	writeln("Yeah, Right");
+}

chapter4/scope.chpl

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+{
+	var foo = 12;
+	writeln(foo);
+}
+var foo = 13;
+writeln(foo);

chapter4/select.chpl

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+select "cat" {
+	when "cat" do writeln("meow");
+	when "dog" do writeln("bowwow");
+	otherwise writeln("gobblegobble");
+}

chapter4/while.chpl

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+var i = 1;
+while i < 1024 do i *= 2;
+do i >>= 1; while i >= 1;
+writeln(i); // 0

chapter5/default.chpl

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+proc foo(x: int = 0, y: int = 0): int return x + y;
+writeln(foo(x = 1, y = 2)); // 3
+writeln(foo(y = 2, x = 1)); // 3
+writeln(foo(1)); // 1

chapter5/fact.chpl

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+proc fact(param n: int) param: int where n >= 1 return n * fact(n-1);
+proc fact(param n: int) param: int where n == 0 return 1;
+if fact(8) != 5040 then compilerError("fact(7) == 5040");

chapter5/infer.chpl

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+proc foo(x, y) return x + y;
+writeln(foo(1, 2i)); // 1 + 2i
+writeln(foo(2i, 3)); // 3 + 2i

chapter5/inline.chpl

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+inline proc foo(x: int): int return 2 * x;
+export proc bar(x: int): int return 2 * x;
+writeln(foo(100)); // 200
+writeln(bar(300)); // 600

chapter5/intent.chpl

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+proc intents(inout x: int, in y: int, out z: int, ref v: int): void {
+	x += y;
+	z += y;
+	v += y;
+}
+var a: int = 1;
+var b: int = 2;
+var c: int = 3;
+var d: int = 4;
+intents(a, b, c, d);
+writeln(a, b, c, d); // 3226

chapter5/iter.chpl

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+iter iterator(): string {
+	yield "EMURATED";
+	yield "EMURATED";
+	yield "EMURATED";
+}
+iter int.these() const ref: int {
+	for i in 1..this do yield i;
+}
+var repetition: int = 10;
+for i in iterator() do writeln(i);
+for i in repetition do writeln(i);

chapter5/lambda.chpl

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+proc call(f, x: int, y: int): int return f(x, y);
+const add = lambda(x: int, y: int) return x + y;;
+writeln(call(add: func(int, int, int), 36, 514)); // 550

chapter5/lvalue.chpl

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+var tuple = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+proc A(i: int) ref: int return tuple(i);
+coforall i in tuple.indices do A(i) = i;
+writeln(tuple);

chapter5/name.chpl

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+proc foo return 100110;
+writeln(foo);

chapter5/nest.chpl

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+proc factorial(num: int): int {
+	proc tc(n, accum: int): int {
+		if n == 0 then return accum;
+		return tc(n - 1, n * accum);
+	}
+	return tc(num, 1);
+}
+writeln(factorial(10)); // 3628800

chapter5/operator.chpl

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+operator *(text: string, num: int) return + reduce (for 1..num do text);
+writeln("Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit" * 10);

chapter5/param.chpl

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+proc tuplet(param dim: int, type eltType) type return dim * eltType;
+const septet: tuplet(7, int) = (114, 514, 1919, 810, 364, 889, 464);

chapter5/proc.chpl

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+proc foo(x: int, y: int): int {
+	return x + y;
+}
+writeln(foo(1, 2));

chapter5/query.chpl

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+proc foo(x: [?dom] ?el) return (dom, el: string);
+proc bar(x) return (x.domain, x.eltType: string);
+writeln(foo([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])); // ({0..7}, int(64))
+writeln(bar([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])); // ({0..7}, int(64))
+writeln(foo(["one" => 1, "two" => 2])); // ({one, two}, int(64))
+writeln(bar(["one" => 1, "two" => 2])); // ({one, two}, int(64))

chapter5/sched.chpl

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+require "sched.h";
+extern proc sched_getcpu(): int;
+writeln("CPU:", sched_getcpu());

chapter5/sched.h

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+int sched_getcpu();

chapter5/throw.chpl

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+proc foo(message: string) throws {
+	defer writeln("See you");
+	throw new Error(message);
+}
+try {
+	foo("Hello,");
+	foo("world!");
+} catch e {
+	writeln(e);
+}

chapter5/varargs.chpl

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+proc sum(x: int ...): int return + reduce(x);
+writeln(sum(1, 2, 3) + sum((...(100, 200)))); // 306

chapter5/where.chpl

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+proc whichType(x: ?xt): string where xt == real return "x is real";
+proc whichType(x: ?xt): string where xt == imag return "x is imag";
+proc whichType(x: ?xt): string return "x is neither real nor imag";
+writeln(whichType(114.514));
+writeln(whichType(364364i));
+writeln(whichType(1919810));

chapter6/accessor.chpl

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+record User {
+	var name: string;
+}
+proc User.name ref {
+	writeln(".name");
+	return this.name;
+}
+var user: User;
+user.name = "Jane";
+writeln(user.name);

chapter6/deinit.chpl

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+class Sub {
+	const x: real = 0;
+	const y: real = 0;
+	proc deinit() {
+		writeln("deleted");
+	}
+}
+const sub = new Sub(x = 1, y = 2);
+writeln("x, y: ", (sub.x, sub.y));

chapter6/duck.chpl

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+class Duck {
+	proc quack() return "quack!";
+}
+class Kamo {
+	proc quack() return "quack!";
+}
+proc voice(x) return x.quack();
+writeln(voice(new Duck())); // quack!
+writeln(voice(new Kamo())); // quack!

chapter6/generics.chpl

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+record Stack {
+	type eltType;
+	param size: int;
+}
+var a: Stack(eltType = uint, size = 12);
+var b: Stack(eltType = real, size = 24);
+writeln("a is ", a.type: string); // a is Stack(uint(64), 12)
+writeln("b is ", b.type: string); // b is Stack(real(64), 24)

chapter6/inherit.chpl

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+class Foo {
+	proc foo() return "foo!";
+}
+class Bar: Foo {
+	override proc foo() return super.foo() + "bar!";
+}
+const foo = new Foo();
+const bar = new Bar();
+writeln(foo.foo()); // foo!
+writeln(bar.foo()); // foo!bar!

chapter6/init.chpl

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+class Add {
+	const x: real;
+	const y: real;
+	proc init(x, y) {
+		this.x = x;
+		this.y = y;
+	}
+}
+const add = new Add(x = 1, y = 2);
+writeln("x, y: ", (add.x, add.y));

chapter6/method.chpl

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+record User {
+	var name: string;
+	proc set(name) {
+		this.name = name;
+	}
+}
+var user: User;
+user.set("Alicia");
+writeln(user.name);

chapter6/num1.chpl

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+class Num {
+	var r: real;
+	var i: imag;
+}
+var num: Num = new Num();
+num.r = 816.07;
+num.i = 14.22i;
+writeln(num.r);

chapter6/num2.chpl

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+record Num {
+	var r: real;
+	var i: imag;
+}
+var num: Num;
+num.r = 816.07;
+num.i = 14.22i;
+writeln(num.r);

chapter6/num3.chpl

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+union Num {
+	var r: real;
+	var i: imag;
+}
+var num: Num;
+num.r = 816.07;
+num.i = 14.22i;
+writeln(num.i);

chapter6/owned.chpl

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+class Hello {
+	proc deinit() {
+		writeln("See you");
+	}
+}
+var hello: owned Hello = new owned Hello();
+var hallo: borrowed Hello = hello.borrow();

chapter6/shared.chpl

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+class Hello {
+	proc deinit() {
+		writeln("See you");
+	}
+}
+var hello = new shared Hello();
+var hallo = new unmanaged Hello();

chapter6/this.chpl

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+class Add {
+	proc this(a: int, b: int): int return a + b;
+}
+const add = new Add();
+writeln(add(123, 45)); // 168

chapter7/array.chpl

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+const rectangular = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8];
+const associative = [1 => "one", 2 => "two"];
+writeln(rectangular, rectangular.domain); // 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8{0..7}
+writeln(associative, associative.domain); // one two{1, 2}

chapter7/by.chpl

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+writeln(10..30 by -7);              // 30 23 16
+writeln(10..30 by -7 align 13);     // 27 20 13
+writeln(10..30 by -7 align 13 # 2); // 27 20

chapter7/domain.chpl

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+const rectangular: domain = {0..10, -1..2};
+const associative: domain = {"foo", "bar"};
+writeln(rectangular.rank);
+writeln(rectangular.dims());
+writeln(rectangular.idxType: string); // int(64)
+writeln(associative.idxType: string); // string

chapter7/for.chpl

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+for i in 1..100 do writeln(i);
+forall i in 1..100 do writeln(i);
+coforall i in 1..100 do writeln(i);

chapter7/loops.chpl

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+for xyz in {1..10, 1..10, 1..10} do writeln(xyz);
+for boy in {"Tom", "Ken", "Bob"} do writeln(boy);