Add Terraform and AWS exercises

In addition to multiple new questions.

README.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 :information_source:  This repo contains questions and exercises on various technical topics, sometimes related to DevOps and SRE
 
-:bar_chart:  There are currently **2371** exercises and questions
+:bar_chart:  There are currently **2376** exercises and questions
 
 :books:  To learn more about DevOps and SRE, check the resources in [devops-resources](https://github.com/bregman-arie/devops-resources) repository
 

exercises/terraform/s3_bucket_rename/exercise.md

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+# Rename S3 Bucket
+
+## Requirements
+
+* An existing S3 bucket tracked by Terraform.
+If you don't have it, you can use the following block and run `terraform apply`:
+
+```terraform
+resource "aws_s3_bucket" "some_bucket" {
+    bucket = "some-old-bucket"
+}
+```
+
+## Objectives
+
+1. Rename an existing S3 bucket and make sure it's still tracked by Terraform
+
+## Solution
+
+Click [here to view the solution](solution.md)

exercises/terraform/s3_bucket_rename/solution.md

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+# Rename S3 Bucket
+
+## Requirements
+
+* An existing S3 bucket tracked by Terraform.
+If you don't have it, you can use the following block and run `terraform apply`:
+
+```terraform
+resource "aws_s3_bucket" "some_bucket" {
+    bucket = "some-old-bucket"
+}
+```
+
+## Objectives
+
+1. Rename an existing S3 bucket and make sure it's still tracked by Terraform
+
+## Solution
+
+```sh
+# A bucket name is immutable in AWS so we'll have to create a new bucket
+aws s3 mb s3://some-new-bucket-123
+
+# Sync old bucket to new bucket
+aws s3 sync s3://some-old-bucket s3://some-new-bucket-123
+
+# Remove the old bucket from Terraform's state
+terraform state rm aws_s3_bucket.some_bucket
+
+# Import new bucket to Terraform's state
+terraform import aws_s3_bucket.some_bucket some-new-bucket-123
+
+: '
+aws_s3_bucket.some_bucket: Refreshing state... [id=some-new-bucket-123]
+
+Import successful!
+The resources that were imported are shown above. These resources are now in
+your Terraform state and will henceforth be managed by Terraform.
+'
+
+# Modify the Terraform definition to include the new name
+# resource "aws_s3_bucket" "some_bucket" {
+#    bucket = "some-new-bucket-123"
+# }
+
+# Remove old bucket
+aws s3 rm s3://some-old-bucket --recursive
+aws s3 rb s3://some-old-bucket
+```

exercises/terraform/terraform_local_provider/exercise.md

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+# Local Provider
+
+## Objectives
+
+Learn how to use and run Terraform basic commands
+
+1. Create a directory called "my_first_run"
+2. Inside the directory create a file called "main.tf" with the following content
+
+```terraform
+resource "local_file" "mario_local_file" {
+    content  = "It's a me, Mario!"
+    filename = "/tmp/who_is_it.txt"
+}
+```
+3. Run `terraform init`. What did it do?
+4. Run `terraform plan`. What Terraform is going to perform?
+5. Finally, run 'terraform apply' and verify the file was created
+
+## Solution
+
+Click [here to view the solution](solution.md)

exercises/terraform/terraform_local_provider/solution.md

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+# Local Provider
+
+## Objectives
+
+Learn how to use and run Terraform basic commands
+
+1. Create a directory called "my_first_run"
+2. Inside the directory create a file called "main.tf" with the following content
+
+```terraform
+resource "local_file" "mario_local_file" {
+    content  = "It's a me, Mario!"
+    filename = "/tmp/who_is_it.txt"
+}
+```
+3. Run `terraform init`. What did it do?
+4. Run `terraform plan`. What Terraform is going to perform?
+5. Finally, run 'terraform apply' and verify the file was created
+
+## Solution
+
+```sh
+# Create a directory
+mkdir my_first_run && cd my_first_run
+
+# Create the file 'main.tf'
+cat << EOT >>  main.tf
+resource "local_file" "mario_local_file" {
+    content  = "It's a me, Mario!"
+    filename = "/tmp/who_is_it.txt"
+}
+EOT
+
+# Run 'terraform init'
+terraform init
+# Running 'ls -la' you'll it created '.terraform' and '.terraform.lock.hcl'
+# In addition, it initialized (downloaded and installed) the relevant provider plugins. In this case, the "hashicorp/local"
+
+# Run 'terraform plan'
+terraform plan
+# It shows what Terraform is going to perform once you'll run 'terraform apply'
+
+<< terraform_plan_output
+Terraform will perform the following actions:
+
+  # local_file.mario_local_file will be created
+  + resource "local_file" "mario_local_file" {
+      + content              = "It's a me, Mario!"
+      + directory_permission = "0777"
+      + file_permission      = "0777"
+      + filename             = "/tmp/who_is_it.txt"
+      + id                   = (known after apply)
+    }
+
+Plan: 1 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy.
+terraform_plan_output
+
+# Apply main.tf (it's better to run without -auto-approve if you are new to Terraform)
+terraform apply -auto-approve
+
+ls /tmp/who_is_it.txt
+# /tmp/who_is_it.txt
+```