feat: improved operations on cells

[lars-reimann]

Closes partially #977

Summary of Changes

• Operations are now wrapped into the classes
  • DatetimeOperations (formerly TemporalCell)
  • DurationOperations
  • MathOperations
  • StringOperations (formerly StringCell)
• Stabilize operations on datetime/date/time
• Stabilize operations on durations

[github-actions]

🦙 MegaLinter status: ✅ SUCCESS

Descriptor	Linter	Files	Fixed	Errors	Elapsed time
✅ PYTHON	black	110	0	0	1.79s
✅ PYTHON	mypy	110		0	3.64s
✅ PYTHON	ruff	110	0	0	0.3s
✅ REPOSITORY	git_diff	yes		no	0.28s

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 97.93814% with 12 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 95.16%. Comparing base (96be911) to head (9af7503).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...feds/data/tabular/query/_lazy_string_operations.py	87.32%	9 Missing ⚠️
...ation/_convert_and_check_datetime_format_module.py	94.82%	3 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##             main     #985    +/-   ##
========================================
  Coverage   95.16%   95.16%            
========================================
  Files         127      135     +8     
  Lines        7790     8047   +257     
========================================
+ Hits         7413     7658   +245     
- Misses        377      389    +12     

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