Run unittests as wheel build validation (#13205)

This commit updates the cibuildwheel configuration to run the unittests
as the test/validation step after building and auditing the wheels.
Previously we were running a standalone "example" script as the
validation because at one time many years ago StochasticSwap was the
only compiled code in qiskit so this was sufficient coverage. But now
that Qiskit is >16% written in Rust as of this commit this script is not
sufficient to validate the wheels are functional prior to uploading to
pypi. For tier 1 platforms this updates the cibuildwheel configuration
to run the full unit test suite, on tier 2 platforms (which is currently
only linux aarch64) we run just the transpiler integration tests as we
have more time pressure to run the tests on those platforms and don't
have the budget to run the full test suite on all supported python
versions.

Fixes #12202

.github/workflows/wheels.yml

@@ -175,6 +175,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: pypa/[email protected]
         env:
           CIBW_ARCHS_LINUX: aarch64
+          CIBW_TEST_COMMAND: cp -r {project}/test . && QISKIT_PARALLEL=FALSE stestr --test-path test/python run --abbreviate -n test.python.compiler.test_transpiler
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: wheels-${{ matrix.os }}-aarch64

pyproject.toml

@@ -146,12 +146,12 @@ manylinux-x86_64-image = "manylinux2014"
 manylinux-i686-image = "manylinux2014"
 skip = "pp* cp36-* cp37-* cp38-* *musllinux* *win32 *i686 cp38-macosx_arm64"
 test-skip = "*win32 *linux_i686"
-test-command = "python {project}/examples/python/stochastic_swap.py"
+test-command = "cp -r {project}/test . && QISKIT_PARALLEL=FALSE stestr --test-path test/python run --abbreviate"
 # We need to use pre-built versions of Numpy and Scipy in the tests; they have a
 # tendency to crash if they're installed from source by `pip install`, and since
 # Numpy 1.22 there are no i686 wheels, so we force pip to use older ones without
 # restricting any dependencies that Numpy and Scipy might have.
-before-test = "pip install --only-binary=numpy,scipy numpy scipy"
+before-test = "pip install --prefer-binary --only-binary=numpy,scipy numpy scipy -c constraints.txt -r requirements-dev.txt"
 # Some jobs locally override the before-build and environment configuration if a
 # specific job override is needed. For example tier 1 platforms locally override
 # the before-build and environment configuration to enable PGO,
@@ -168,6 +168,7 @@ environment = "MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.12"
 repair-wheel-command = "delocate-wheel --require-archs {delocate_archs} -w {dest_dir} -v {wheel} && pipx run abi3audit --strict --report {wheel}"
 
 [tool.cibuildwheel.windows]
+test-command = "cp -r {project}/test . && stestr --test-path test/python run --abbreviate"
 repair-wheel-command = "cp {wheel} {dest_dir}/. && pipx run abi3audit --strict --report {wheel}"
 
 [tool.ruff]