Fix geothermal heat potentials

[amos-schledorn]

The current geothermal heat potentials from Manz et al. 2024 (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148124001769) are likely inflated because we use those before Manz et al mapped them to what they assume to be future district heating areas (different from PyPSA-Eur but urban areas).
This was discovered in correspondence with the authors.

Changes proposed in this Pull Request

• This update uses an Excel output from Manz et al rather than a geopackage. The new data has already been mapped to future district-heating areas.
• The new data is provided on LAU-region level which heavily simplifies the spatial matching. That allows us to drop the OnshoreRegion class and do a simple matching. LAU region geo data is now retrieved for this rule.
• In preparation for integrating further heat sources, the previous generic mapping of any ISI heat potentials (i.e. those computed by Manz et al.) has been replaced by a dedicated geothermal potential calculation. In this process, some unneeded config settings have been dropped.

Open issue

• LAU regions might sometimes be mapped incorrectly to onshore regions. I suggest tracking this in a separate issue

Checklist

• I tested my contribution locally and it works as intended.
• Code and workflow changes are sufficiently documented.
• Changes in configuration options are added in config/config.default.yaml.
• Changes in configuration options are documented in doc/configtables/*.csv.
• Sources of newly added data are documented in doc/data_sources.rst.
• A release note doc/release_notes.rst is added.

Testing

Config

scenario:
  clusters:
    - 40
  planning_horizons:
    - 2030

countries: ['DE']

foresight: overnight

clustering:
  temporal:
    resolution_sector: 365h


sector:
  heat_pump_sources:
      urban central:
      - air
      - geothermal

Results

As expected, geothermal heat utilisation decreases:

Master

Feature

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[fneum]

Looks good as far as I can see. Once @cpschau gives the go, can be merged.

The one thing I request: For mock_snakemake we now move all downloads to dedicated retrieve* rules (#1274). This should be done for the storage() inputs here as well.

[cpschau]

Nothing to object code-wise, so it can be merged after retrieval of input sources is outsourced. Positive correlation of geothermal with other p2h links seems plausible.