GitHub pages (#3)

Converting website from obsidian generated HTML to Github pages + Jekyll theme (just-the-docs)

.gitignore

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+Gemfile.lock
+_site

Gemfile

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+source 'https://rubygems.org'
+
+gem "jekyll", "~> 4.3.4" # installed by `gem jekyll`
+# gem "webrick"        # required when using Ruby >= 3 and Jekyll <= 4.2.2
+
+gem "just-the-docs", "0.10.0" # pinned to the current release
+# gem "just-the-docs"        # always download the latest release

_config.yml

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+title: Prototyping Studio
+remote_theme: just-the-docs/just-the-docs
+#theme: just-the-docs

cnc/bitSwap.md

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+---
+title: Changing Tools
+parent: CNC
+layout: default
+nav_order: 10
+---
+
+## Adding / Swapping Bits in Tool Change Rack
+![](../attachments/pxl_20240321_172025118.jpg)
+- Choose collet corresponding to bit shank diameter
+	- Collet size engraved on front face
+	- 1/8", 1/4", 3/8", 1/2" imperial sizes available
+	- 4mm, 6mm, 8mm metric sizes available
+- Tighten bit in collet by hand (clockwise)
+	- All cutting flutes should be below collet
+	- The bit shank should be inserted a minimum of 2/3 (100% ideal) of the collet length
+		- For example, a 1.5" length collet requires at least 1" of bit shank inserted, however ideal insert length is 1.5"
+- Finish tightening bit in collet using "ER 32" wrench & CNC tool mount bracket
+![](../attachments/pxl_20240319_144259489.jpg)
+![](../attachments/pxl_20240319_171946523.jpg)
+- Press & hold green button on side of spindle
+-  ![](../attachments/pxl_20240319_172014827.jpg)
+- Position tool holder under spindle head
+- Release green button
+
+<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/HDV3oebI2bc?si=NWdhRKGc_imuj1HE" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe>
+
+- On the CNC screen, update the "current tool" number to reflect which tool position the new bit will be physically located in
+- Park tool 
+- Execute "Automatic Touchoff"
+- Update Fusion cloud tool library to reflect new tool numbering

cnc/cnc.md

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+---
+title: CNC
+parent: Index
+layout: default
+---
+![Laguna CNC](../attachments/laguna_cnc.jpg)
+
+## Model SS2-SUV-48
+[SmartShop SUV User Manual](../attachments/SmartShop-SUV-Manual-2021.pdf)

cnc/createSetup.md

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+---
+title: Create Setup
+parent: CNC
+layout: default
+nav_order: 3.1
+---
+## Creating Setup
+- Switch from "Design" to "Manufacturing" workspace in Fusion (top left corner)
+- Setup > New Setup
+- On "Setup" tab, set "Stock Point" to the BOTTOM corner of the stock
+	- Previous instructions used top of stock & update bit length, this approach is not compatible with multi bit operations
+- Still in "Setup" tab, select the model body/bodies to be machined
+![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240313132650.png)
+- In the "Stock" tab", select "Fixed Size Box" (preferred) or "Relative Size Box" (advanced)
+- Set stock dimensions to actual measured values
+	- Use calipers to measure stock thicknesses, inaccurate values can result in broken bits
+	- X,Y dimensions are important but not as critical as material thickness (Z).
+- If the model orientation doesn't fit within the specified stock, use a "Manufacturing Model" to rotate or re-arrange parts to fit.
+	- [Manufacturing Model Overview](https://help.autodesk.com/view/fusion360/ENU/?guid=MFG-MANUFACTURING-MODEL-OVERVIEW)
+

cnc/feedsSpeeds.md

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+---
+title: Feeds and Speeds
+parent: CNC
+layout: default
+nav_order: 8
+---
+## Feeds & Speeds
+- Many tool manufacturers provide feed & speed recommendations for their tools. These settings provide a good starting point and should be utilized when dialing in settings for new materials. It is important to note the RPM ratings on bits and not to exceed these values when setting up operations.
+- Most of the tools used in the Laguna CNC are from Amana Tools. Amana has a Fusion 360 library of their bit offerings, including all the relevant numbers and measurements which describe the tools geometry (number of cutting flutes, length of flutes, bit diameter, etc).
+
+![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240321105401.png)
+- [Choosing the Right Endmill for the Job](https://www.endmill.com.au/blog/choosing-the-right-end-mill-for-the-job/) // selecting bits, good read, recommended 
+- [Amana Fusion 360 Tool Library](https://www.amanatool.com/view-amana-tool-fusion-360-library)
+- [Sample bit](https://www.amanatool.com/46420-solid-carbide-spiral-plunge-3-8-dia-x-1-1-4-x-3-8-shank-down-cut.html?ff=1&fp=8806)
+- [Sample feeds and speeds](https://www.amanatool.com/pub/media/productattachments/Solid-Carbide-Spiral-Plunge-2-3-Flute-v26.pdf)

cnc/fileFormats.md

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+---
+title: File Formats
+parent: CNC
+layout: default
+nav_order: 2
+---
+## File Formats
+- Preferred file formats include: F3D, F3Z, STEP, SVG, DXF, PRT 
+	- Always verify model dimensions, imported vector files files are not always the correct scale
+	- "Inspect" tool is useful for verifying a known dimension
+- Can accept OBJ and STL files if necessary
+- Do NOT accept generated gcode (.PRG, .NC) files, tool paths must be validated before cutting

cnc/generateToolPath.md

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+---
+title: Generate Tool Path 
+parent: CNC
+layout: default
+nav_order: 3.2
+---
+## Generate Tool Paths
+- Tool paths should be generated immediately prior to cutting to ensure bit numbers have not changed.
+	- If a tool path takes a long time to generate and/or must be generated in advance, make sure to verify each tool number in the operation vs the tools installed in the machine before starting a cut.
+- Utilize template & bit library via Fusion 360 teams (requires invite to proto team) as much as possible
+	- [Toolpath Template Library](https://help.autodesk.com/view/fusion360/ENU/?guid=MFG-REF-TOOLPATH-TEMPLATE-LIBRARY)
+- Check template library for preset operations, for example 2D contour cut in plywood.
+	- Make sure to select "Cloud" templates for most up to date feeds & speeds
+	- These templates represent previous successful operations and should be utilized whenever possible.
+	- Some operations have several bit size options, in general select the largest bit that meets detail requirements of the design.
+	- Settings can be adjusted to meet project specific needs, if they differ significantly from the template settings, consider creating a new template.
+	- Make sure to clear any "Selected geometries" in templates (if applicable) and update with geometries from current document
+	- Templates use the following naming convention
+		- Machine Name, Material, Operation Type, Bit Size
+- Note, tool numbers in templates are NOT automatically updated and need to be verified against latest installed tools
+
+### Toolpaths from Template
+- Setup > Create From Template > Select Template
+![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240321100257.png)
+- Make sure "Cloud" templates are selected unless explicitly using a local template
+	- Cloud libraries must be enabled ["(How to install a cloud tool library)"](https://www.autodesk.com/support/technical/article/caas/sfdcarticles/sfdcarticles/How-to-install-a-cloud-tool-library-in-Fusion-360.html)
+
+![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240325143617.png)
+- When selecting a contour cut, pay attention to which side of the cut line the bit is on (indicated w/ a red arrow). Clicking on the red arrow will change where the bit cuts relative to the indicated contour line.
+![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240321100934.png)
+### Toolpaths from Scratch
+
+- 2D Adaptive preferred over 2D Pocket, high speed machining (HSM) limits how much of the bit is cutting at a given time, improving tool life and reducing breakage
+	- [2D Adaptive Clearing Reference](https://help.autodesk.com/view/fusion360/ENU/?guid=GUIDA73542E9-ED9C-4BD9-A87D-3A0ECA8BEB41)
+	- Optimal load: 0.25 x tool_diameter
+	- Depth of cut: Max 50% diameter of tool
+
+#### 2D Adaptive
+- Critical parameters
+	- Tool Tab
+		- Feed per tooth
+			- Indicates how much material is each revolution by each cutting edge when the machine is performing a normal cut, typical values range from (0.002 to 0.01")
+		- Plunge Feed per Revolution
+			- Same as feed per tooth but specific to vertical cutting/drilling, end mills have different geometry than drill bits and are not as efficient cutting straight down into material. Typical values are ~50% of the feed per tooth value (0.001 to 0.005")
+	- ![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240627150629.png)
+	- Passes Tab
+		- Optimal Load
+			- Indicates the maximum amount of tool engagement, as a rule of thumb this value should be approximately 25% of the tool diameter
+				- For example, a good starting point for a 3/8" endmill is 0.09375" (0.375 * 0.25)
+			- This value can be increased or decrease when machining harder/softer materials (lower for hard materials, higher for soft materials)
+		- Maximum Roughing Stepdown
+	- ![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240627150658.png)
+

cnc/hardware.md

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+---
+title: Hardware
+layout: default
+parent: CNC
+nav_order: 1
+---
+## Hardware
+### Body
+![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240425125434.png)
+### Tool Head
+![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240425152111.png)
+### Tool Holder Assembly
+![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240425152207.png)
+### Tool Rack
+![](../attachments/pxl_20240319_145331118.jpg)
+Tool rack has space for up to 8 tools, numbered 1-8 (left to right as viewed from front)
+### Pressure Regulator
+![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240425144427.png)
+### Air Inlet
+![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240425143741.png)
+### Control Box
+![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240425164514.png)
+- Vacuum Table - Vacuum Pump 1
+- Position Rods - Helps with stock alignment
+- E-Stops - Main panel & remote
+- Remote - Used to manually position tool head during setup, also has an E-stop
+- Lubricant pump - keeps rails lubricated, activate a few seconds, then manually jog toolhead with remote

cnc/lagunaChecklist.md

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+---
+title: Laguna Pre-Cut Checklist
+layout: default
+parent: CNC
+---
+
+## Fusion 360
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Origin located at BOTTOM of stock</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Tool numbers up to date w/ installed bits</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Contour cuts on correct side of cutting line (inside, outside)</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Feed per tooth < 0.01 // in general, soft materials such as foam can exceed this threshold</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Optimal Load <= Tool Diameter x 0.25 // 2D & 3D adaptive tool paths</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Simulation free of errors & warnings</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Laguna specific post processor used (output file has .PRG extension)</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Post processor uses "DOCUMENT UNITS" setting</label></div>
+
+## Laguna Control
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> All bits zero'd via auto touchoff</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Gcode verified</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Stock secure to bed via vacuum pressure, double sided tape, tabs or fixture</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> X/Y zero point established</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> CNC bed clear except stock</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> At least one other staff member in Proto Studio (in case of emergency)</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Door to fabrication room closed</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Everyone has appropriate PPE (glasses, headphones, mask)</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Everyone located at a safe distance from CNC</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Position rods lowered</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Vacuum pump on</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> Dust collection on</label></div>
+<div><label><input type="checkbox"> CNC operator within reach of an e-stop</label></div>
+

cnc/maintenance.md

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+---
+title: Maintenance
+parent: CNC
+layout: default
+nav_order: 9
+---
+## Maintenance
+
+### Lubricate Linear Rails
+- Check the oil level on the back of the spindle head, top off as needed
+- On Laguna control console, press the "Lubricant Pump" button
+- Release the button after a few seconds
+- After a few seconds, use the remote to manually jog the spindle through the full X,Y,Z range of motion to distribute the oil
+- Repeat this operation for every 15 hours of use or after the machine has been sitting idle for an extended period of time
+
+### Spoil Board Leveling
+- Minimum spoil board thickness is 0.5"
+- Be mindful of the position rods when leveling
+	- Rods should be in the down position when cutting
+	- Cutting depth should be at least 1/8" above position rods in stowed position 
+- In Fusion 360
+	- Create extruded rectangle corresponding to spoil board size
+		- Alternatively use pre-made project https://a360.co/4aps348
+	- Use 'Flycut Template'
+	- Make sure the stock thickness in setup is identical to model thickness
+		- Model should not be centered within larger stock (e.g. 0.6" model in 1" stock)
+	- Make sure origin is located at bottom of model
+- On Laguna Control Screen
+	- Setup > CNC Positions
+	- Set 'Z-Spoil' to 0.0
+- Set X,Y zero point on corner of stock
+- Run program, should remove less than 1/8" of material
+- After cut finishes, set 'Z-Spoil' to the stock thickness specified in Fusion
+	- VERY IMPORTANT, DO NOT SKIP

cnc/operation.md

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+---
+title: Work Flow
+parent: CNC
+layout: default
+nav_order: 3
+---
+## Work Flow
+- Autodesk Fusion 360 is used for the computer aided manufacturing (CAM) operations
+- The CAM work consists of the following stages:
+	- Create Setup - defines the stock/material that the model will be created from
+	- Generate Tool Paths - dictates how/where a specific bit/mill moves, multiple tool paths are routinely used to manufacture parts.
+	- Simulation - provides a virtual "mock up" of the tool paths without running the CNC
+	- Post Processing - converts tool paths to CNC specific gcode
+	- Run - gcode is executing on the physical CNC
+
+![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240423163839.png)
+

cnc/postProcessing.md

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+---
+title: Post Processing
+parent: CNC
+layout: default
+nav_order: 3.4
+---
+## Post Processing
+- Post processing creates the gcode file for a specific CNC
+- For setups with multiple operations, can either generate a single file or multiple files
+- If a single file is used with multiple bits, the Laguna automatic tool change (ATC) system will swap bits when each operation is complete.
+	- As previously noted, for the ATC system to work properly and avoid damage to equipment/stock, setup origin must be located at the bottom of the stock and all bits must be zero'd to the spoilboard using the "Automatic Touch Off" buttom on the Laguna Control Screen.
+- Consider using multiple individual files when
+	- Individual operations are estimated to take a long time (estimated machining times are shown in the bottom right corner of the screen)
+	- Manual tool changes are required
+	- Parts need to be inspected after an operation before proceeding
+![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240325133105.png)
+- The "Post Processing" screen allows the output files to be named (if not already configured via the Setup > Post Processing tab) and specifies an output directory for the gcode file (.PRG)
+- Make sure the "Laguna CNC / laguna" post processor is selected, if not use the navigator to find it via Fusion's cloud library.
+- The units should be set to "Document unit" to ensure tool paths are scaled correctly.
+- Select "Post" to generate the gcode
+- Copy the output file to a USB drive for use in the CNC Control System
+![](../attachments/pasted-image-20240325134011.png)
+
+

cnc/procedures.md

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+---
+title: Procedures
+parent: CNC
+layout: default
+nav_order: 5
+---
+## Procedures
+
+### Startup Procedure
+- Turn on air pressure using [Air Inlet](hardware#air-inlet)
+- Verify pressure on [Pressure Regulator](hardware#pressure-regulator) is approximately 0.45 MPa
+- Turn on power using the [Power Switch](hardware#control-box) on the control box
+- Switch key to "ON" (clockwise)
+- Press green power button
+- Wait for system to boot
+
+### Shutdown Procedure
+- Park any installed tooling (Home screen > Park)
+- Press green power button
+- Switch key to 'OFF' position (counter-clockwise)
+- Turn on main power
+- Turn off air
+
+### Running Program
+- Insert USB device into the control panel
+- Copy project file from USB
+	- From the control screen
+		- Setup > Program Manager
+		- Select "USB" tab on left
+		- Select desired file (.PRG extension)
+			- Can sort by name, date, size
+		- With file selected, press "Copy"
+		- Select "Programs" tab on left
+		- Select "Paste"
+- Verify GCode
+	- From control screen
+		- Setup > Verify G-Code
+		- If program not already select use drop down to select
+		- Select "Load"
+		- Select "Check Code"
+		- Wait for check to complete, indicated by a blue check mark or a reported error
+
+![](../attachments/pxl_20240319_172848682.jpg)
+
+- Load a tool into the toolhead (if not already loaded)
+	- Option 1 - Auto Touchoff (Recommended)
+		- Setup > CNC Tool Data 
+		- Select tool number from dropdown
+		- Select "Execute Automatic Touch On/Off"
+	- Option 2 - MDI Command (Advanced)
+		- Setup > CNC Settings
+		- MDI Command
+			- "M06 T\<tool number\>" e.g.  `M06 T2`  // load tool \#2
+- Position the toolhead at the X,Y origin of the stock
+	- Use the handheld remote to manually jog the toolhead
+	- Press and hold the "Enable Switch" on the remote to allow motion
+		- Will automatically open the "JOG" screen
+	- Select movement axis using left dial (X,Y,Z,4)
+		- Mill does not currently have a 4th axis
+	- Select the movement multiplier using the right dial (1x,10x,100x)
+		- Avoid using the 100x multiplier when moving the Z axis, it could result in bit breakage
+	- With bit position over the X,Y origin of the stock, press "Teach ZPO"
+		- The dust boot can be raised on the Laguna control screen to provide a clear view of bit during alignment
+	- **DO NOT PRESS** "Teach Tool Length", tools should only be zero'd using the auto touch off system
+	- Verify X,Y origin was set correctly
+		- With "Zero Point Offset" selected from the drop down (not Machine Coordinates or Relative Coordinates), verify X Axis and Y Axis read <= 0.001 in
+
+![](../attachments/pxl_20240319_173002852-1.jpg)
+
+- Run through the [Laguna Pre-Cut Checklist](lagunaChecklist)
+- From main screen press "Run"
+
+### Pausing a Program
+- To pause operation, press "Hold" from main screen
+	- Spindle remains **ON** by default when paused
+	- Spindle can be stopped (optionally) via
+		- Main > Settings
+		- Set "Spindle Override" to 0%
+
+![](../attachments/pxl_20240319_173301916.jpg)
+
+### Resuming a Program
+- If spindle was turned off, (0%), set "Spindle Override" to 100%
+    - **DO NOT** resume cut operation with spindle at 0%, this could damage bits or the machine
+- From "Main" tab, press "Run" 
+
+### Emergency Stop
+- The emergency stop buttons on the Control Box or Remote can be pressed at any time to immediately stop all machining. 
+- Program stopped via E-Stop cannot be resumed (i.e. E-Stop is not a pause)
+
+