Use OpenSSF Scorecard to track repo health score (#1598)

### What kind of change does this PR introduce?

* Adds the OpenSSF Scorecard evaluation action

### Does this PR introduce a breaking change?

No.

### Other information:

https://github.com/ossf/scorecard-action

.github/workflows/scorecard.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# This workflow uses actions that are not certified by GitHub. They are provided
+# by a third-party and are governed by separate terms of service, privacy
+# policy, and support documentation.
+
+name: Scorecard supply-chain security
+on:
+  # For Branch-Protection check. Only the default branch is supported. See
+  # https://github.com/ossf/scorecard/blob/main/docs/checks.md#branch-protection
+  branch_protection_rule:
+  # To guarantee Maintained check is occasionally updated. See
+  # https://github.com/ossf/scorecard/blob/main/docs/checks.md#maintained
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '41 8 * * 4'
+  push:
+    branches: [ "master" ]
+
+# Declare default permissions as read only.
+permissions: read-all
+
+jobs:
+  analysis:
+    name: Scorecard analysis
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      # Needed to upload the results to code-scanning dashboard.
+      security-events: write
+      # Needed to publish results and get a badge (see publish_results below).
+      id-token: write
+      # Uncomment the permissions below if installing in a private repository.
+      # contents: read
+      # actions: read
+
+    steps:
+      - name: "Checkout code"
+        uses: actions/checkout@93ea575cb5d8a053eaa0ac8fa3b40d7e05a33cc8 # v3.1.0
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: "Run analysis"
+        uses: ossf/scorecard-action@e38b1902ae4f44df626f11ba0734b14fb91f8f86 # v2.1.2
+        with:
+          results_file: results.sarif
+          results_format: sarif
+          # (Optional) "write" PAT token. Uncomment the `repo_token` line below if:
+          # - you want to enable the Branch-Protection check on a *public* repository, or
+          # - you are installing Scorecard on a *private* repository
+          # To create the PAT, follow the steps in https://github.com/ossf/scorecard-action#authentication-with-pat.
+          # repo_token: ${{ secrets.SCORECARD_TOKEN }}
+
+          # Public repositories:
+          #   - Publish results to OpenSSF REST API for easy access by consumers
+          #   - Allows the repository to include the Scorecard badge.
+          #   - See https://github.com/ossf/scorecard-action#publishing-results.
+          # For private repositories:
+          #   - `publish_results` will always be set to `false`, regardless
+          #     of the value entered here.
+          publish_results: true
+
+      # Upload the results as artifacts (optional). Commenting out will disable uploads of run results in SARIF
+      # format to the repository Actions tab.
+      - name: "Upload artifact"
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@3cea5372237819ed00197afe530f5a7ea3e805c8 # v3.1.0
+        with:
+          name: SARIF file
+          path: results.sarif
+          retention-days: 5
+
+      # Upload the results to GitHub's code scanning dashboard.
+      - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@17573ee1cc1b9d061760f3a006fc4aac4f944fd5 # v2.2.4
+        with:
+          sarif_file: results.sarif

README.rst

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ xclim: Climate services library |logo|
 +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
 | Documentation and Support  | |docs| |discussions|                                |
 +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
-| Open Source                | |license| |fair| |zenodo| |pyOpenSci| |joss|        |
+| Open Source                | |license| |fair| |ossf| |zenodo| |pyOpenSci| |joss| |
 +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
 | Coding Standards           | |black| |ruff| |pre-commit| |security| |fossa|      |
 +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
@@ -172,6 +172,10 @@ This package was created with Cookiecutter_ and the `audreyfeldroy/cookiecutter-
         :target: https://fair-software.eu
         :alt: FAIR Software Compliance
 
+.. |ossf| image:: https://api.securityscorecards.dev/projects/github.com/Ouranosinc/xclim/badge
+        :target: https://securityscorecards.dev/viewer/?uri=github.com/Ouranosinc/xclim
+        :alt: OpenSSF Scorecard
+
 .. |fossa| image:: https://app.fossa.com/api/projects/git%2Bgithub.com%2FOuranosinc%2Fxclim.svg?type=shield
         :target: https://app.fossa.com/projects/git%2Bgithub.com%2FOuranosinc%2Fxclim?ref=badge_shield
         :alt: FOSSA