Migrate workflows to Ubuntu 24.04 labels

[No767]

Summary

Due to breaking changes by GH (details), we need to migrate from the ubuntu-latest label to ubuntu-24.04.
This label should contain upgraded tools as well.

Types of changes

What types of changes does your code introduce to Catherine-Chan
Put an x in the boxes that apply

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Documentation Update (Updates to README.md, the documentation, etc)
• Other (if none of the other choices apply)

Checklist

Put an x in the boxes that apply

• If code changes were made then they have been tested.
  • I have updated the documentation to reflect the changes. (if appropriate)
• All workflows (except pre-commit.ci) pass with my new changes
• This PR does not address a duplicate issue or PR

[sonarcloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarCloud