Add explicit test for function result chaining #1605

Job	Run time
bindings	18m 50s
linux-coverage	12m 2s
build (clang-sanitize, ubuntu-22.04)	34m 0s
conan	6m 57s
build (gcc-release, ubuntu-22.04)	8m 12s
build (gcc-11-release, ubuntu-22.04)	7m 47s
build (gcc-debug-shared, ubuntu-22.04)	7m 12s
build (gcc-debug-noexcept, ubuntu-22.04)	7m 23s
build (macos-release, macos-13)	6m 52s
build (win64-release, windows-latest)	10m 35s
build (win64-debug-shared, windows-latest)	8m 57s
build (win64-debug-noexcept, windows-latest)	7m 44s
	2h 16m 31s

Provide feedback