Add PHP version

.github/workflows/php.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# This workflow will do stuff with the php version of tictactoe
+
+name: php
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [main]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [main]
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: ./tictactoe_php
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout repo
+      uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - name: Setup PHP with PECL extension
+      uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
+      with:
+        php-version: '8.3'
+    - name: Lint.
+      run: |
+        php -l src/tictactoe.php
+    - name: PHPUnit tests
+      uses: php-actions/phpunit@v3
+      with:
+        args: tictactoe_php/tests
+    - name: Run
+      run: |
+        php tests/runTicTacToe.php -X 4 -O 4

README.md

@@ -272,6 +272,15 @@ julia --project=. test/runtests.jl
 julia --project=. test/runexample.jl -X 3 -O 3
 ```
 
+## TicTacToe-PHP
+
+Version using [PHP](https://www.php.net/).
+
+To test and run:
+```bash
+phpunit --testdox tests
+php tests/runTicTacToe.php -X 4 -O 4
+```
 
 ## TicTacToe-scratch
 Very simple two player tictactoe game with Scratch.

tictactoe_php/src/tictactoe.php

@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+const WINNING_COMBINATIONS =  [
+    [0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8],
+    [0, 3, 6], [1, 4, 7], [2, 5, 8],
+    [0, 4, 8], [2, 4, 6]
+];
+
+class Move
+{
+    public int $index;
+    public int $score;
+
+    public function __construct(int $index, int $score)
+    {
+        $this->index = $index;
+        $this->score = $score;
+    }
+}
+
+
+function show_board(array $board): void
+{
+    echo " $board[0] | $board[1] | $board[2] \n";
+    echo "---+---+---\n";
+    echo " $board[3] | $board[4] | $board[5] \n";
+    echo "---+---+---\n";
+    echo " $board[6] | $board[7] | $board[8] \n";
+}
+
+function swap_player(string &$player): string
+{
+    return $player === "X" ? "O" : "X";
+}
+
+function flush_stdin(): void
+{
+    while (fgets(STDIN)) {
+    }
+}
+
+function player_turn(array &$board, string $player): void
+{
+    echo "Player $player, enter your move (0-8): \n";
+    show_board($board);
+    $position = -1;
+    while (true) {
+        $position = preg_replace('/\s+/', '', fgets(STDIN));
+        if (ctype_digit($position)) {
+            $position = intval($position);
+        } else {
+            echo "Invalid input. Please enter a number between 0 and 8!\n";
+            continue;
+        }
+        if ($position < 0 || $position > 8) {
+            echo "Input out of range. Please enter a number between 0 and 8!\n";
+            continue;
+        }
+        if ($board[$position] === "X" || $board[$position] === "O") {
+            echo "Cell already taken. Please choose another one!\n";
+            continue;
+        }
+        $board[$position] = $player;
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+function is_winner(array $board, string $player): bool
+{
+    foreach (WINNING_COMBINATIONS as $combination) {
+        if (
+            $board[$combination[0]] === $player &&
+            $board[$combination[1]] === $player &&
+            $board[$combination[2]] === $player
+        ) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+function is_board_full(array $board): bool
+{
+    foreach ($board as &$cell) {
+        if ($cell !== "X" && $cell !== "O") {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+function get_empty_cells(array $board): array
+{
+    $empty_cells = [];
+    foreach ($board as $index => $cell) {
+        if ($cell !== "X" && $cell !== "O") {
+            $empty_cells[] = $index;
+        }
+    }
+    return $empty_cells;
+}
+
+function random_value(array $array): int
+{
+    return $array[array_rand($array)];
+}
+
+function random_move(array $board): int
+{
+    $empty_cells = get_empty_cells($board);
+    return random_value($empty_cells);
+}
+
+function get_winning_move(array $board, string $player): ?int
+{
+    foreach (WINNING_COMBINATIONS as $combination) {
+        $open_cells = [];
+        $done_cells = 0;
+        foreach ($combination as $cell) {
+            if ($board[$cell] === $player) {
+                $done_cells++;
+            } elseif ($board[$cell] !== swap_player($player)) {
+                $open_cells[] = $cell;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($done_cells === 2 && count($open_cells) === 1) {
+            return $open_cells[0];
+        }
+    }
+    return null;
+}
+
+function winning_move(array $board, string $player): int
+{
+    $move = get_winning_move($board, $player);
+    return is_null($move) ? random_move($board) : $move;
+}
+
+function winning_or_blocking_move(array $board, string $player): int
+{
+    $move = get_winning_move($board, $player);
+    if (!is_null($move)) {
+        return $move;
+    }
+    $opponent = $player === "X" ? "O" : "X";
+    $move = get_winning_move($board, $opponent);
+    return is_null($move) ? random_move($board) : $move;
+}
+
+function get_optimal_move(array $board, string $player): Move
+{
+    $best_move = new Move(0, -1000);
+    if (is_winner($board, $player)) {
+        $best_move->score = 1;
+        return $best_move;
+    }
+    if (is_winner($board, swap_player($player))) {
+        $best_move->score = -1;
+        return $best_move;
+    }
+    $empty_cells = get_empty_cells($board);
+
+    if (!$empty_cells) {
+        $best_move->score = 0;
+        return $best_move;
+    }
+
+    if (count($empty_cells) === 9) {
+        $best_move->index = random_value($empty_cells);
+        return $best_move;
+    }
+
+    foreach ($empty_cells as $index) {
+        $board[$index] = $player;
+        $score = -get_optimal_move($board, swap_player($player))->score;
+        $board[$index] = strval($index);
+        if ($score > $best_move->score) {
+            $best_move->score = $score;
+            $best_move->index = $index;
+        }
+    }
+    return $best_move;
+}
+
+function minmax(array $board, string $player): int
+{
+    return get_optimal_move($board, $player)->index;
+}
+
+
+
+function ai_turn(array &$board, string $player, int $strength): void
+{
+    echo "AI turn as player $player with strength $strength.\n";
+    show_board($board);
+    $move = match ($strength) {
+        1 => random_move($board),
+        2 => winning_move($board, $player),
+        3 => winning_or_blocking_move($board, $player),
+        default => minmax($board, $player),
+    };
+    $board[$move] = $player;
+    sleep(1);
+}
+
+function play_game(?int $X_strength, ?int $O_strength): void
+{
+    $board = ["0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8"];
+    $player = "X";
+
+    while (true) {
+        if ($player === "X" && !is_null($X_strength)) {
+            ai_turn($board, $player, $X_strength);
+        } elseif ($player === "O" && !is_null($O_strength)) {
+            ai_turn($board, $player, $O_strength);
+        } else {
+            player_turn($board, $player);
+        }
+        if (is_winner($board, $player)) {
+            echo "Player $player wins!\n";
+            break;
+        }
+        if (is_board_full($board)) {
+            echo "It's a draw!\n";
+            break;
+        }
+        $player = swap_player($player);
+    }
+
+    show_board($board);
+}

tictactoe_php/tests/TictactoeTest.php

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+include 'src/tictactoe.php';
+
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+
+final class TictactoeTest extends TestCase
+{
+    public function testShowBoard(): void
+    {
+        $board = ['X', 'O', 'X', 'O', 'X', 'O', 'X', 'O', 'X'];
+        $this->expectOutputString(" X | O | X \n---+---+---\n O | X | O \n---+---+---\n X | O | X \n");
+        show_board($board);
+    }
+
+    public function testSwapPlayer(): void
+    {
+        $player = 'X';
+        $this->assertSame('O', swap_player($player));
+    }
+
+    public function testMinmax(): void
+    {
+        $board = ['X', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8'];
+        $player = 'O';
+        $move = get_optimal_move($board, $player);
+        $this->assertSame(4, $move->index);
+        $this->assertSame(0, $move->score);
+    }
+}

tictactoe_php/tests/runTicTacToe.php

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+include 'src/tictactoe.php';
+
+$X_strength = 0;
+$O_strength = 0;
+$index = 0;
+while ($index < count($argv)) {
+    if ($argv[$index] === "-X") {
+        $X_strength = intval($argv[$index + 1]);
+        $index += 2;
+    } elseif ($argv[$index] === "-O") {
+        $O_strength = intval($argv[$index + 1]);
+        $index += 2;
+    } else {
+        $index++;
+    }
+}
+play_game($X_strength === 0 ? null : $X_strength, $O_strength === 0 ? null : $O_strength);