Ever since settler colonialism started on this continent, there have been many changes to the environment. Some of those changes seemed simple at first, like changes to farming and hunting. We moved from a sustenanice model to a growth model. We moved from a nutritious self-fertilizing cluster of plants in milpa fashion into a mass monocrop style of farming. Over time those simple changes have compounded into a giant issue where we don't seem to be able to get as many nutrients into plants and when we try, the fertilizer washes out when the rains come and create problems with bacteria in waterways and dead-zones along the coast. In addition to the changes in farming, there was an incresed demand for fur coats and wood. Then came the demand for metals. The new nation saw a vast supply of resources waiting to be extracted and turned in commodities.
- Holden E (2019) 'The smell will knock you off your feet': mass mussel die-offs baffle scientists. The Guardian. October 14.
- Holyoke J (2019) The total Penobscot salmon return is estimated at 1,170 — and rising. Bangor Daily News. October 9.
- Sambides N (2019) 15,000 Atlantic salmon will be put into the Penobscot River over the next three years. Bangor Daily News. October 5.
- Everman H (2019) Kokanee salmon released in Lake Sammamish for the first time in 2 years. King5 News. October 9.
- Christensen K (2019) Salmon return to Oregon river by the hundreds to spawn after $2M restoration project. KATU News. October 9.
- Associated Press (2019) Trout return to Adirondack lake once soured by acid rain for first time in 30 years. NewYorkUpstate.com. October 9.
- Associated Press. (2019) Group to release thousands of rare salmon in Maine river. Portland Press Herald. September 30.
- Burns R (2019) The Yurok Tribe is Leading a Massive Restoration Project on the Trinity River, and the Fish are Coming Back. Lost Coast Outpost. September 26.
- Weber C (2019) Rare California trout species returns to native habitat. SFGate. September 18.
- Gill I (2019) War on the waters: salmon farms losing battle with sea lice as wild fish pay the price. The Narwhal. September 13.
- Jackson A (2019) Emaciated grizzly bears in Canada spark greater concerns over depleted salmon population. CNN. October 4.
- Bacher D (2019) Winnemem Wintu Tribe Embarks on 300-Mile Journey to Bring Back Salmon Sept. 14-29. Daily Kos. September 9.
- Hurdle J (2019) New Dam Removal to Curb Floods, Boost Water Quality in Musconetcong River. NJ Spotlight. November 21.
- Lohan T (2019) Drones, Algae and Fish Ears: What We’re Learning Before the World’s Largest Dam-removal Project — and What We Could Miss. The Revelator. October 29.
- Atkinson JA (2019) Opinion: Klamath dam removal is not a partisan issue. The Oregonian. October 23.
- DeNies R (2019) Respecting the Chehalis. Wild Salmon Center. October 15.
- Flaccus G (2019) Pacific Northwest tribes call for removal of Columbia River dams. KATU2. October 14.
- Leslie J (2019) On the Northwest’s Snake River, the Case for Dam Removal Grows. Yale Environment360. October 10.
- Plaven G (2019) Cost, timeline for removing Klamath River dams updated. Capital Press. August 13.
- Miller K (2019) Long battle over, dam removal begins on Presumpscot River in Westbrook. Press Herald. July 16.
- Rogers P (2019) Four years after California's largest dam removal project, how are the fish doing? Phys.org News. May 27.
- Thomas-Blate J (2019) Dam Removal in 2018 — Another successful year of freeing rivers. American Rivers. February 20.
It has been another successful year of busting dams and reconnecting rivers and streams across America. Every year the dam removal movement continues to grow stronger. In 2018, 82 dams in total were removed from across the country. Communities in 18 states worked closely with various non-profit organizations, local municipalities, state and federal agencies to remove these dams and successfully reconnect more than 1,230 river miles.California – 35 dams removed, Pennsylvania – 7 dams removed, Michigan – 7 dams removed
- Lohan T (2018) The Elwha’s Living Laboratory: Lessons From the World’s Largest Dam-removal Project. The Revelator. October 1.
“When you think about what salmon do to a river, it’s almost like this infusion of giant vitamin pills up into the river basin,” adds Kober. As the salmon die or are eaten, they nourish plant and animal life along the riverbank. The impacts can be felt for miles, as far-ranging animals like bears also spread these marine-derived nutrients deep into the forest.
- Lohan T (2018) Four Exciting Dam-removal Projects to Watch. The Revelator. October 18.
- Cho R (2011) Removing Dams and Restoring Rivers. State of the Planet. Earth Institute. Clumbia University. August 29.
- Fahlund A (2010) Lessons From the Field—Dam Removal, Maine. National Geographic. May 10.
Edwards Dam was built in Augusta, Maine, in 1837 to ease navigation and harness energy. That act drowned 17 miles (27 kilometers) of riffles and rapids and the unique character of this magnificent river. The Kennebec River was once home to all ten species of migratory fish native to Maine—including Atlantic salmon, American shad, several species of herring, alewife, and Shortnose and Atlantic sturgeon—along with several thriving commercial fisheries. Damming the river not only transformed the natural landscape but it also ushered in an era of industrialization, pollution, degradation, and neglect.A decade later, more than two million alewives returned to the Kennebec, the largest migration of its kind on the eastern seaboard. The entire web of life, from eagles to osprey to black bears, have benefited from the free-flowing river. Water quality classifications have been upgraded, and mayflies and stoneflies, rarely seen in samples before the removal of Edwards, have dramatically increased in number.
- Bellmore JR, et al. (2019) Conceptualizing Ecological Responses to Dam Removal: If You Remove It, What's to Come? BioScience. 69(1): 26-39.
However, upstream movement of organisms, such as fish, are also crucial to the function of river ecosystems (Pringle 1997). Dams can reduce biodiversity and productivity by severing these upstream flows (Pess et al. 2008). When dams are removed and longitudinal connectivity is restored, fishes, invertebrates, and commensal microorganisms living on or within these mobile species can recolonize (or initially colonize) upstream habitats. This upstream movement of organisms is a major driver of ecological responses above the former dam and reservoir (figure 2).As is illustrated in the upstream causal-loop diagram in figure 2, reestablishment of longitudinal connectivity can increase species richness, life history diversity, and the delivery of nutrients and organic matter upstream of the former dam. For example, in the midwestern and eastern United States, low-head dam removals resulted in increased numbers of fish species upstream of the former dam sites (Burdick and Hightower 2006, Catalano et al. 2007, Burroughs et al. 2010, Magilligan et al. 2016).Within a year following the removal of Elwha Dam (one of two large dams removed from the Elwha River, Washington), marine-derived nutrients from adult Pacific salmon were detected upstream of the former dam site in American dippers (Cinclus mexicanus)—an obligate aquatic songbird that feeds on aquatic invertebrates, small fish, and salmon eggs (Tonra et al. 2015).
- Schmutz S, Moog O (2018) Dams: Ecological Impacts and Management. In: Schmutz S., Sendzimir J. (eds) Riverine Ecosystem Management. Aquatic Ecology Series, vol 8. Springer, Cham
- Anderson EP et al. (2018) Fragmentation of Andes-to-Amazon connectivity by hydropower dams. Science Advances. 4(1): eaao1642.
- Langseth, M.L., Chang, M.Y., Carlino, Jennifer, Bellmore, J.R., Birch, D.D., Bradley, Joshua, Bristol, R.S., Buscombe, D.D., Duda, J.J., Everette, A.L., Graves, T.A., Greenwood, M.M., Govoni, H.S., Henkel, H.S., Hutchison, V.B., Jones, B.K., Kern, Tim, Lacey, Jennifer, Lamb, R.M., Lightsom, F.L., Long, J.L., Saleh, R.A., Smith, S.W., Soulard, C.E., Viger, R.J., Warrick, J.A., Wesenberg, K.E., Wieferich, D.J., and Winslow, L.A. (2016) Community for Data Integration 2015 annual report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161165
- Bellmore JR, et al. (2016) Status and trends of dam removal research in the United States. WIREs Water. 4(2): e1164. — PDF
- Poff NL, Schmidt JC (2016) How dams can go with the flow. Science. 353(6304): 1099-1100.
- https://www.minnehahacreek.org/sites/minnehahacreek.org/files/pdfs/projects/Ecological%20Effects%20of%20Dams%20July2013.pdf
- Finer M, Jenkins CN (2012) Proliferation of Hydroelectric Dams in the Andean Amazon and Implications for Andes-Amazon Connectivity. PLoS ONE 7(4): e35126.
- Fearnside PM, Pueyo S (2012) Underestimating greenhouse-gas emissions from tropical dams. Nature Climate Change. 2: 383–384. — PDF
- Beck MW, Claassen AH, Hundt PJ (2012) Environmental and livelihood impacts of dams: common lessons across development gradients that challenge sustainability. International Journal of River Basin Management. 10(1).
- Moore JN, Arrigoni AS, Wilcox AC (2012) Impacts of Dams on Flow Regimes in Three Headwater Subbasins of the Columbia River Basin, United States. Journal of the American Water Resources Association. 48(5): 925-938.
- Fitzhugh TW, Vogel RM (2011) The impact of dams on flood flows in the United States. River Research and Applications. 27(10): 1192-1215. — PDF
- Angilletta MJ, et al. (2008) Big dams and salmon evolution: changes in thermal regimes and their potential evolutionary consequences. Evolutionary Applications. 1(2): 286-299.
- Bednarek AT (2001) Undamming Rivers: A Review of the Ecological Impacts of Dam Removal. Environmental Management. 27(6): 803-814.
- Kingsford RT (2000) Ecological impacts of dams, water diversions and rivermanagement on floodplain wetlands in Australia. Australian Ecology. 25: 109-127.
Also see the maps in these articles for more of an idea of how much carbon could be released by any dam project (see the nature as carbon sequestration section for even more citations):
- Soudzilovskaia NA, et al. (2019) Global mycorrhizal plant distribution linked to terrestrial carbon stocks. Nature Communications. 10: 5077.
- Frechette A et al. (2018) A Global Baseline of Carbon Storage in Collective Lands. Rights and Resources Initiative. September.
- Scharlemann, J. P., Hiederer, R., Kapos, V., & Ravilious, C. (2009). Updated global carbon map. UNEP-WCRC & EU-JRC, Cambridge, UK.
This discusses the types of loss of biodiveristy and biomass due to segmentation of rivers:
- WWF (2018) Living Planet Report 2018: Aiming higher (eds. Grooten N & Almond REA). WWF, Gland, Switzerland. — PDF
This mentions what percentage of known human induced earthquakes are from dams:
- Duncombe J (2019) We have broken nature into more than 990,000 little pieces. Eos. 100. November 5.
- Transportation Research Board and National Research Council (2005) Assessing and Managing the Ecological Impacts of Paved Roads. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
- Frazer L (2005) Paving Paradise: The Peril of Impervious Surfaces. Environmental Health Perspectives. 113(7): A456-A462.
- https://www.infrastructurereportcard.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Roads-Final.pdf
- https://www.bts.gov/product/freight-facts-and-figures
- https://datahub.transportation.gov/stories/s/45xw-qksz
- https://shop.fathom.info/collections/countries-1/products/allstreets-countries-us
- Perkins T (2019) Biosolids: mix human waste with toxic chemicals, then spread on crops. The Guardian. October 5.
- Gunarathne V, et al. (2019) Biochar from municipal solid waste for resource recovery and pollution remediation. Environmental Chemistry Letters. 17(3): 1225-1235. — PDF
- Rae J (2019) Polluting for a decade, 3M admits to Tennessee River toxic chemical release. WAFF48 News. June 20.
- Xia R (2019) The biggest likely source of microplastics in California coastal waters? Our car tires. Los Angeles Times. October 2.
- Miller RW (2019) Raking leaves again this fall? Stop right now. USA Today. October 5.
- BBC Staff (2019) Spider season: 'Give it a name and learn to love them'. BBC News. September 24.
- Root T (2019) Ghost Forests Are Visceral Examples of the Advance of Climate Change. Time Magazine. October 7.
- Peirce D (2018) 25 Years after the War in the Woods: Why B.C.’s forests are still in crisis. The Narwhal. May 14.
- Riddell EA, Iknayan KJ, Wolf BO, Sinervo B, Beissinger SR (2019) Cooling requirements fueled the collapse of a desert bird community from climate change. PNAS. 116(43): 21609-21615.
- Kobin B (2019) Ironman Louisville cancels swimming portion due to toxic algae in Ohio River, no refunds. Louisville Courier Journal. October 11.
- Osborne H (2019) Sea 'Boiling' with Methane Discovered in Siberia: 'No One Has Ever Recorded Anything like This Before'. Newsweek. October 8.
- Also see Reg Morrison's presentation
- Amos J (2019) 315 billion-tonne iceberg breaks off Antarctica. BBC News. September 30.
- Borenstein S (2019) ‘We’re all in big trouble’: Climate panel sees a dire future. KTUU News. September 25.
- Meyer R (2019) The Oceans We Know Won’t Survive Climate Change. The Atlantic. September 25.
- Mullen M (2019) Warming Drives Spike In Algae Blooms Across Wyoming. Wyoming Public Media. September 24.
- Voosen P (2019) Warming transforms the oceans and poles. Science. 365(6460): 1359-1360. doi: 10.1126/science.365.6460.1359.
❝Without action, rare, catastrophic storm surges will become common within 30 years, Oppenheimer says. “What was a 100-year event is a yearly event by 2050.” Rising waters pose a particular threat to small island nations near the equator, where storms are rare and sea level typically varies little, allowing infrastructure to be built close to the ocean. There are also examples of resilience: Shanghai, China, for example, pumped water back into its underground aquifers to counteract subsidence that had made the city more vulnerable to sea level rise—a challenge also facing many other coastal cities.❞- IPCC (2019) IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate[H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, M. Tignor, E. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, M. Nicolai, A. Okem, J. Petzold, B. Rama, N. Weyer (eds.)]. In press.
- Miller M, McChesney R (2019) Heavy rainfall in Juneau causes minor flooding and prompts evacuations. KTOO Public Media. October 6.
- Ferguson G, McIntosh JC, Perrone D, Jasechko S (2018) Competition for shrinking window of low salinity groundwater. Environmental Research Letters. 13: 114013.
- Earl J (2018) Great Pacific Garbage Patch is now twice the size of Texas. New York Post. March 23.
- Albert S, Grinham A, Gibbes B, Leon J, Church J (2016) Sea-level rise has claimed five whole islands in the Pacific: first scientific evidence. The Conversation. May 6.
- Rich M, Dooley B (2019) Helicopters and Boats Rescue the Stranded After Typhoon Hits Japan. The New York Times. October 12.
- Borunda A (2019) We pump too much water out of the ground—and that’s killing our rivers. National Geographic. October 2.
- Smith AV (2019) The Klamath River now has the legal rights of a person. High Country News. September 24.
- Staff Writers (2019) ‘Why is that even a question?’: Singh vows to end boil water advisories in indigenous communities. Global News. October 5.
- UN Climate Reports
Some stats: • 1,558 people have been killed between 2002 and 2017 while fighting for the environment. • 68% of these people (1,059 people) were killed in South America (the biggest offenders being Colombia and Brazil). • 40% of these people (623 people) are Indigenous. • In 2018, 164 more people were killed bringing the total to 1722 between 2002 and 2018. • These are only what is known, the numbers could be much higher. • The research paper finds a correlation between "rule of law", corruption, and the deaths.
- Global Witness (2019) Enemies of the State?: How governments and business silence land and environmental defenders. July.
- Gander K (2019) More Deadly Than Being a Soldier in a War Zone: Environmental Activists Killed for Defending Planet Have Doubled in 15 Years. Newsweek. August 5.
- Kilvert N (2019) Environmental activist killings double as corruption identified as key driver. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. August 6.
- Watts J (2019) Environmental activist murders double in 15 years. The Guardian. August 5.
- Butt N, Lambrick F, Menton M, Renwick A (2019) The supply chain of violence. Nature Sustainability. 2: 742-747. DOI: 10.1038/s41893-019-0349-4
- Ulmanu M, Evans A, Brown G (2018) 83 environmental defenders had been confirmed killed by October 2018. The Guardian. November 15.
- Ulmanu M, Evans A, Brown G (2017) 207 environmental defenders have been killed in 2017. The Guardian. July 13.
- Ulmanu M, Evans A, Brown G (2017) Environmental and land defenders killed in 2016: the full list. The Guardian. July 13.
- Ulmanu M, Evans A, Brown G (2017) Environmental and land defenders killed in 2015: the full list. The Guardian. July 13.
- Kein J (2019) The Real Class War. American Affairs. 3(4): 153-172.
- Di Giacomo M, Cenci M (2018) Corporate control and ownership networks. Corporate Ownership & Control, 15(4), 86-95.
- Rungi A, Morrison G, Pammolli F (2017) Global Ownership and Corporate Control Networks. IMT Lucca EIC WP Series 07/2017.
- Vitali S, Glattfelder JB, Battiston S (2011) The Network of Global Corporate Control. PLoS ONE 6(10): e25995.
- Leiserson G, McGrew W, Kopparam R (2019) The distribution of wealth in the United States and implications for a net worth tax. Washington Center for Equitable Growth. March 2019.
- Donald K, Martens J (2018) "1 – The increasing concentration of wealth and economic power as an obstacle to sustainable development – and what to do about it." Exploring new policy pathways. Spotlight on Sustainable Development 2018. In press.
- Domhoff GW (2005) Wealth, Income, and Power. Who Rules America? Updated in 2017.
- Hauner T (2017) Network Defect: Wealth Inequality, Network Topology and Financial Crisis. Seventh Meeting of the Society for the Study of Economic Inequality (ECINEQ).
- Almeida V (2017) Income inequality and redistribution in the aftermath of the 2007-2008 crisis: the US case. Seventh Meeting of the Society for the Study of Economic Inequality (ECINEQ).
- Fuchs B, Thurner S (2014) Behavioral and Network Origins of Wealth Inequality: Insights from a Virtual World. PLoS ONE 9(8): e103503.
- Johnston DC (2011) Beyond the 1 percent. Blogs. Reuters. October 25.
- Buchanan M (2002) "Wealth Happens - Wealth Distribution and the Role of Networks." Working Knowledge. Harvard Business School. April 29.
Tambien vea http://www.ecineq.org/ecineq_nyc17/documents/ECINEQ%202017%20NYC%20booklet.pdf
- Goodkind N (2017) Republican House Members Think a $450K Salary Is Middle Class. Newsweek. November 3.
- Marvar A (2019) The US city preparing itself for the collapse of capitalism. The Guardian. October 31.
- Black T (2019) American Railroads Are Already in Recession With No End in Sight. Bloomberg. October 7.
- Premack R (2019) Another 4,200 truck drivers lost their jobs in September as a recession slams America's $800 billion trucking industry. Business Insider. October 4.
- Richmond T (2019) Trump farm secretary: No guarantee small farms will survive. Associated Press. October 1.
- Premack R (2019) Thousands of truck drivers have lost their jobs this year in the trucking 'bloodbath.' Here's what's behind the slowdown in the $800 billion industry. Business Insider. July 21.
- Rapier G (2019) One of the US's largest railroads just slashed its profit forecast and gave a dire warning about President Trump's trade war. Business Insider. July 17.
- Cook K, Pinder D, Stewart S III, Uchegbu A, Wight J (2019) The future of work in black America. McKinsey & Company. October.
- Chappell B (2019) U.S. Income Inequality Worsens, Widening To A New Gap. NPR. September 26.
- Bardi U , Falsini S, Perissi I (2019) Toward a General Theory of Societal Collapse: A Biophysical Examination of Tainter’s Model of the Diminishing Returns of Complexity. BioPhysical Economics and Resource Quality. 4: 3. — PDF
- Abel GJ, Brottrager M, Cuaresma JC, Muttarak R (2019) Climate, conflict and forced migration. Global Environmental Change. 54: 239-249.
- Ahmed NM (2017) Failing States, Collapsing Systems: BioPhysical Triggers of Political Violence. SpringerBriefs in Energy. Charles Hall (ed.). Springer Nature: Cham, Switzerland.
- Moriarty P, Honnery D (2017) Three futures: Nightmare, diversion vision. World Futures. DOI: 10.1080/02604027.2017.1357930
- Berg TL (2017) Rethinking the Growth Mantra: An Exploration of the Post-Normal World of Declining Conventional Fossil Energy. (Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.)
- Kerschner C, Capellán-Pérez I (2017) Peak-Oil and Ecological Economics. Rouledge Handbook of Ecological Economics.
- Michaux S (2017) Peak Industrial Output and the Limits to Growth as a Consequence of Depleting Natural Resources The permanent divergence of the real economy and the fiat economy. August 18.
- Homer-Dixon T, Walker B, Biggs R, Crépin A-S, Folke C, Lambin EF, Peterson GD, Rockström J, Scheffer M, Steffen W, and Troell M (2015) Synchronous failure: the emerging causal architecture of global crisis. Ecology and Society. 20(3): 6. — PDF
- Höök M, Li J, Johansson K, Snowden S (2012) Growth Rates of Global Energy Systems and Future Outlooks. Natural Resources Research. 21: 23. — PDF
- Coronese M Lamperti F, Keller K, Chiaromente F, Roventini A (2019) Evidence for sharp increase in the economic damages of extreme natural disasters. PNAS. 116(43): 21450-21455.
- Takahama E (2019) Learning in nature: Washington becomes first in the country to license outdoor preschools. Seattle Times. October 2.
- Wuerthner G (2019) George Wuerthner: BLM is attacking juniper to help cows, not sage grouse. The Salt Lake Tribune. September 12.
- Kahn B (2019) 'Outrage': New Video Shows Bulldozers Destroying America's Most Iconic Cacti to Build Trump's Border Wall. Gizmodo Earther. October 4.
- Baier R (2019) Border wall in Organ Pipe could destroy artifacts, park service warns. Tuscon.com. September 28.
- Shalev A (2019) The Esselen of Big Sur are landless no more, thanks to a $4.5 million state grant. Monterey County Now. October 11.
- Wood-Wright N, Benham B (2019) To Address Hunger, Many Countries May Have To Increase Carbon Footprint. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. September 16.
- Neimark B, Belcher O, Bigger P (2019) US military is a bigger polluter than as many as 140 countries. The Conversation. June 24.
- Maffly B (2019) Feds to open Utah’s national parks to ATVs; advocates fear damage, noise they may bring. The Salt Lake Tribune. September 28.
- Smith LJ (2019) Envisioning and Designing the Floating Future. Undark Magazine. October 7.
- Peyton S (2018) "Home on the Market Range: an evaluation of cultural and economic barriers to large-scale bison farming". AllCollege Thesis Program. 2016-present. 58.
- Daley J (2016) Researchers “Translate” Bat Talk. Turns Out, They Argue—A Lot. Smithsonian. December 23.
- Corder M (2019) Court: No statute of limitations in Dutch colonial crimes. Associated Press. October 1.
- McCarthy J, Sanchez E (2019) Scientists Want to Make Harming the Environment a War Crime. Global Citizen. July 24.
- This is bizarrely specific. Why, at this junction in time, are scientists only calling for environmental damage to be a crime during war? Yes, I understand the environmental damage done by modern weapons of mass destruction are huge. What about the rest of the time? Just because environmental damage from mineral, metal, oil, and gas extraction happens more slowly and over time, that shouldn't excuse it from being an international crime at any time.
- Kirchgaessner S (2019) Revealed: Google made large contributions to climate change deniers. The Guardian. October 11.
- Shulevitz J (2019) Why You Never See Your Friends Anymore. The Atlantic. November.
- Schwartzstein P (2019) Indigenous farming practices failing as climate change disrupts seasons. National Geographic. October 14.
- Marsa L (2015) Scorched Earth, 2200AD. Aeon. February 10.
- Bakx K (2019) Calgary-based Houston Oil & Gas ceases operations, leaving almost 1,300 wells needing cleanup. CBC News. November 6.
- Lamizana B, Alvarez J, Smaoun S (2019) Evidence rising: the emerging pollutants poisoning our environment. UN Environment. October 2.
- Lustgarden A, Kusnetz N (2011) Science Lags as Health Problems Emerge Near Natural Gas Fields. Scientific American. September 19.
- Crisp W (2019) Thousands of ships fitted with ‘cheat devices’ to divert poisonous pollution into sea. The Independent. September 29.
- Sisk AR (2019) Slurry wells: The answer for radioactive oilfield waste disposal? Bismark Tribune. September 29.
- Mauro M (2019) Abandoned oil and gas well in Broomfield leaking methane. KDVR FOX Denver. October 14.
- Dermansky J (2019) Already Burning for a Month, Fracked Gas Blowout in Louisiana Could Last Two More Months. Desmog. October 4.
- Brown A (2019) Mossmorran flaring: Shell forced to burn off gas it cannot sell. BBC News. October 3.
- Beck A (2019) Why Aren’t Fossil Fuel Companies Held Accountable for Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women? Yes Magazine. October 4.
- Tupper S (2019) Flurry of Keystone XL pre-construction activity resumes. Rapid City Journal. October 4.
- Nobel J (2019) Whistleblower Reveals Flawed Construction at North Dakota Gas Plants Where Massive Spill Was Downplayed. Desmog. October 1.
- Bass F (2019) The $109 Million Lobbying Effort To Run A Pipeline Through National Treasures. Huffington Post. September 26.
- Wilson, M. P., Foulger, G. R., Gluyas, J. G., Davies, R. J., & Julian, B. R. (2017). HiQuake: The human‐induced earthquake database. Seismological Research Letters, 88(6), 1560-1565.
- Kramer B (2011) Radioactivity on the Spokane Reservation. The Spokesman-Review. June 5.
- Fox L (2019) Chinese-owned Ramu Nickel plant spills 200,000 litres of 'toxic' slurry into the sea. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. August 29.
- Shinn L (2019) As the DOE Abadons a Toxic Mess Threatening the Columbia River, the Yakama Nation Fights Back. Natural Resources Defense Council. September 18.
- Pasley J (2019) Inside America's most toxic nuclear waste dump, where 56 million gallons of buried radioactive sludge are leaking into the earth. Yahoo! News. September 23.
- Everington K (2019) 2,667 radioactive bags from Fukushima nuke disaster unleashed by Typhoon Hagibis. Taiwan News. October 14.
- Brown M (2019) U.S. mining sites dump millions of gallons of toxic waste into drinking water sources. Chicago Tribune. February 20.
- Yurth C (2019) Another Mine Spills into Animas River. Native News Online. October 13.
The severity of fires has been increasing in many areas. This is just a consequence of climate change + how we live + capitalism. California is facing a crisis on multiple fronts because PG&E had refused to properly manage its funds and assets which lead to fires across California. This lead to a lawsuit and now the way PG&E is managing the problem is leading to other froms of crisis since many California residence have medical problems and their life rests on having electricity to support them.
Most recently the Saddleridge fire has prompted hundreds of thousands of people to have to evacuate their homes in the Northern Los Angles area. It has crossed highways 210 and 5, with the 405 being closed. Additionally, there are a few other fires burning in the area. The Sandalwood Fire in Calimesa has burned 500 acres and as of 11 Oct was only 10% contained. In Moreno Valley, the Reche Fire is also only 10% contained. The poor air quality caused by the fires has caused 40 schools to close until further notice.
This comes one year after a previous outbreak of fires.
- Hassan C (2019) Saddleridge Fire scorches 7,500 acres. CNN News. October 11.
- Chan S (2019) Fatal Sandalwood Fire in California started as a trash fire. CNN News. October 11.
- Chavez N, Sidner S, Hanna J (2019) Saddleridge Fire has forced 100,000 people in northern Los Angeles to flee their homes. CNN News. October 11.
- CNN Wire. (2019) Thousands under mandatory evacuation order after wildfire explodes overnight in Los Angeles. Q13 Fox News. October 11.
- Shalby C (2019) Community reeling after Calimesa fire obliterates mobile home park, killing woman. Los Angeles Times. October 11.
- Staff. (2019) Sandalwood Fire Kills 1, Burns 800 Acres In Riverside County’s Calimesa. CBS2 News. October 11.
- Sandalwood Fire. Riverside County Fire Department.
- Reche Fire. California Department of Forestry & Fire Protection.
- Wolf Fire. Riverside County Fire Department.
- Olivas Fire. California Department of Forestry & Fire Protection. — Ventura County.
- Wendy Fire. California Department of Forestry & Fire Protection. — Ventura County.
- Saddleridge Fire. California Department of Forestry & Fire Protection. — Los Angeles County.
- Reche Fire. California Department of Forestry & Fire Protection. — Riverside County.
- Sandalwood Fire. California Department of Forestry & Fire Protection. — Riverside County.
- Wolf Fire. California Department of Forestry & Fire Protection. — Riverside County.
Bay Area Fires:
- Fortson J (2019) Moraga Fire: Residents rush to evacuate during PG&E power shutoff. ABC7 News. October 10.
- Merrill Fire. California Department of Forestry & Fire Protection. — Contra Costa County.
- CBS SF (2019) Massive Fire At Crockett Fuel Facility Reignites At Base Of Tank. KPIX5. October 15.
When one thinks of solar power, one probably thinks of a magical source of green energy with no no carbon footprint. Unfortunately, that cheery picture is not the reality. Solar panels must be manufactured and they must eventually be replaced. Since glass is typically one of the layers involved, that means the right kind of sand needs to be melted down to make the glass. Fortunately glass is the easiest part to recycle, but it still takes energy. After the glass is made, the next step is the same as manufacturing modern electronics. For thin film solar panels it takes mining rare metals, producing the toxic chemicals required, and forming each layer of the panel. For the panels most people have, manufacturing takes fewer toxic chemicals, but more silicon made from sand. Solar panels are actually easier to recycle than most electronics, which have hundreds of components mounted in place on a multilayer circuit board using a conductive molten metal alloy called solder. The complexity of modern electronics requires a decent amount of energy to build. It would stand to reason that recylcling it would also take a decent amount of energy.
Recycling technology has not receved much focus until recent years. Recycling is done mostly by hand, while manufacturing is more automated. In many cases, people orginally just thought they could throw away electronics that have gone bad. This is bad because while it would seem the toxic slurry of chemicals used to make the components is sealed away, it isn't. All those electronics thrown away are leaching toxins and rare metals (sometimes those are one in the same) into the environment. Then when the rains come, it pollutes the environments and washes into streams.
Since solar panels are made using many of the same techniques as modern semiconductors, solar panels have almost exactly the same problems as modern consumer electronics. Consumer electronics have been a terrible environmental pollutant. All one needs to do is look at the Chinese cities of Guiyu and ???. Fortunately we now have ways of minimizing the toxins released into the environment by recylcling electronics, but we need to find ways to make electronics less toxic, to lower the energy required to recycle electronics, and minimize the waste from parts that cannot be recycled.
- Staff. (2019) Basel Ban Amendment becomes law. Down to Earth. September 10.
- Puckett J (2019) Global Ban on Exporting Hazardous Waste to Developing Countries Becomes Law. Basel Action Network News. September 8.
- Semuels A (2019) The World Has an E-Waste Problem. Time Magazine. May 23.
- Chen A (2018) More solar panels mean more waste and there’s no easy solution. The Verge. October 25.
- Manning J (2018) State agency kept shoveling money to SoloPower to bitter end. The Oregonian. August 21.
- Shellenberger M (2018) If Solar Panels Are So Clean, Why Do They Produce So Much Toxic Waste?. Forbes. May 23.
- Pinghui Z (2017) China’s most notorious e-waste dumping ground now cleaner but poorer. September 22.
- Leahy S (2017) China's booming middle class drives Asia's toxic e-waste mountains. The Guardian. January 16.
- Thouboron K (2018) Are solar panels toxic to the environment?. energysage. February 1.
- Ahmed SF (2016) The Global Cost of Electronic Waste. The Atlantic. September 29.
- Tomioka O (2016) Japan tries to chip away at mountain of disused solar panels. Nikkei Asian Review. November 8.
- Nunez C (2014) How Green Are Those Solar Panels, Really? National Geographic. November 11.
- Watson I (2013) China: The electronic wastebasket of the world. CNN. May 30.
- Wesoff E (2013) SoloPower Suspends Portland Thin-Film CIGS Solar Operations. Greentech Media. April 24.
- Ni H-G, Zeng E (2009) Law Enforcement and Global Collaboration are the Keys to Containing E-Waste Tsunami in China. Environmental Science & Technology. 43(11): 3991-3994.
- Walsh B (2009) E-Waste Not. Time. January 8.
- Johnson T (2006) E-waste dump of the world. The Seattle Times. April 9.
- (2002) Exporting Harm: The High-Tech Trashing of Asia. Basel Action Network. Jim Puckett, Ted Smith, editors.
- Need to find free version
- Cao J, Lu B, et al. (2016) Extended producer responsibility system in China improves e-waste recycling: Government policies, enterprise, and public awareness. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 62: 882-894.
- Lu C, Zhang L, Zhong Y, et al. (2015) An overview of e-waste management in China. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management. 17(1): 1-12.
- Sing Q, Li J (2015) A review on human health consequences of metals exposure to e-waste in China. Environmental Pollution. 196: 450-461.
- Chi X, Streicher-Porte M, Wang MYL, Reuter MA (2011) Informal electronic waste recycling: A sector review with special focus on China. Waste Management. 31(4): 731-742.
- Yu J, Williams E, Ju M, Shao C (2010) Managing e-waste in China: Policies, pilot projects and alternative approaches. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 54(11): 991-999.
Oh G-d if I see these articles again I'm going to have a kiniption:
- Desai J, Nelson M (2017) Are we headed for a solar waste crisis? Environmental Progress. June 21. — This is so heavily pro nuclear and LNG it's laughable. Also, trying to compare high level nuclear waste that we don't know how to store for long periods of time and technology that we have a process for recycling is a categorical error.
- IER. (2017) Will Solar Power Be at Fault for the Next Environmental Crisis?. Institute for Energy Research. August 15. — Cite the above article and relies on it's argument so much I think it was written by the same people.
True shit to look at and rip apart, because it's so wrong: https://www.heartland.org/
Tangentially related:
- Leotaud VR (2019) Phytomining is a thing in Australia. Mining.com. July 28.
- Beiser V (2019) Why the world is running out of sand. BBC Future. November 17.
- Yan J, Feng L, Stenblyanskaya A, Leiner G, Rybachuk M (2019) Biophysical Economics as a New Economic Paradigm. International Journal of Public Administration. DOI: 10.1080/01900692.2019.1645691
- Davey B (2017) Using Energy to Extract Energy – the Dynamics of Depletion. Resilience. June 23.
- Mullins L, Margolis J (2012) The Energy Costs of Oil Production. PRI's The World. November 2.
- Kaiser-Schatzlein R (2019) The Tyranny of Economists. The New Republic. September 30.
- https://www.wou.edu/las/physci/GS361/electricity%20generation/HistoricalPerspectives.htm
- https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/index.php
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoeconomics
- https://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/Biophysical_Economics
- Beacom N (2019) Planting Native Prairie Could Be a Secret Weapon for Farmers. Civil Eats. October 15.
- Whiting K (2019) This pioneering British ‘wildland’ farm could boost biodiversity and yields. World Economic Forum. October 9.
- Welch C (2019) To curb climate change, we have to suck carbon from the sky. But how? National Geographic. January 17.
- Magill B (2017) Desert Basins May Hold Missing Carbon Sinks. Scientific American. June 21.
- Turner J (2017) Grass-fed cows won’t save the climate, report finds. Science News. October 2.
- Beaty C (2016) The Carbon-Sequestering Power of Soils. Wildlife Habitat Council. January 10.
- Shaw T (2011) Iowa: The Power of Praires. Open Spaces. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. June 27.
- Tveit AT, et al. (2019) Widespread soil bacterium that oxidizes atmospheric methane. PNAS. 116(17): 8515-8524.
- Soudzilovskaia NA, et al. (2019) Global mycorrhizal plant distribution linked to terrestrial carbon stocks. Nature Communications. 10: 5077.
- Dass P, Houlton BZ, Wang Y, Warlind D (2018) Grasslands may be more reliable carbon sinks than forests in California. Environmental Research Letters. 13(7)
- Li X, McCarty G, Karlen DL, Cambardella CA (2018) Topographic metric predictions of soil redistribution and organic carbon in Iowa cropland fields. CATENA. 160: 222-232.
- Lin E-D, Guo L-P, Ju H (2018) Challenges to increasing the soil carbon pool of agro-ecosystems in China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 17(4): 723-725.
- Farhan Ul Haque, M., Crombie, A.T., Ensminger, S.A. et al. Facultative methanotrophs are abundant at terrestrial natural gas seeps. Microbiome 6, 118 (2018) doi:10.1186/s40168-018-0500-x
- Kenney GE, Rosenzweig AC (2018) Methanobactins: Maintaining copper homeostasis in methanotrophs and beyond. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 293: 4606-4615.
- Hungate BA, et al. (2017) The economic value of grassland species for carbon storage. Science Advances. 3(4): e1601880.
- Crevecoeur S, Vincent WF, Comte J, Matveev A, Lovejoy C (2017) Diversity and potential activity of methanotrophs in high methane-emitting permafrost thaw ponds. PLoS ONE 12(11): e0188223.
- Cai, Y., Zheng, Y., Bodelier, P. et al. (2016) Conventional methanotrophs are responsible for atmospheric methane oxidation in paddy soils. Nature Communications 7: 11728 doi:10.1038/ncomms11728
- Lau MCY, Stackhouse BT, et al. (2015) An active atmospheric methane sink in high Arctic mineral cryosols. ISME J. 9(8): 1880-1891.
- West BJ (2014) Estimation of Carbon Sequestration in a Restored Tallgrass Prairie Ecosystem in Eastern Missouri.
- Clemmensen KE et al. (2013) Roots and Associated Fungi Drive Long-Term Carbon Sequestration in Boreal Forest. Science. 339(6127): 1615-1618.
- Fronara DA, Tilman D (2012) Soil carbon sequestration in prairie grasslands increased by chronic nitrogen addition. Ecology. 93(9): 2030-2036.
Since both high plant diversity and elevated N deposition may increase soil C sequestration, but N deposition also decreases plant diversity, more research is needed to address the long‐term implications for soil C storage of these two factors.
- Van Amstel A (2012) Methane. A Review. Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences. Sup1: 5-30.
- Grace PR et al. (2011) The contribution of maize cropping in the Midwest USA to global warming: A regional estimate. Agricultural Systems. 104(3): 292-296. — PDF
- Maher RM, Asbjornsen H, Kolka RK, Cambardella CA, Raich JW (2010) Changes in soil respiration across a chronosequence of tallgrass prairie reconstructions. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 139(4): 749-753.
- Wang S, Yang X, et al. (2009) Methane emission by plant communities in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: a new experimental study of alpine meadows and oat pasture. Biology Letters. 5(4): 535–538.
- Cahill KN, Kucharik CJ, Foley JA (2009) Prairie restoration and carbon sequestration: difficulties quantifying C sources and sinks using a biometric approach. Ecological Applications. 19(8): 2185-2201.
- Ward N, Larsen Ø, Sakwa J, Bruseth L, Khouri H, Durkin AS, et al. (2004) Genomic Insights into Methanotrophy: The Complete Genome Sequence of Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath). PLoS Biol 2(10): e303.
Current soil carbon storage:
- Frechette A et al. (2018) A Global Baseline of Carbon Storage in Collective Lands. Rights and Resources Initiative. September.
- Scharlemann, J. P., Hiederer, R., Kapos, V., & Ravilious, C. (2009). Updated global carbon map. UNEP-WCRC & EU-JRC, Cambridge, UK.
Soil can get infected and spread infection, soil can also spread antibiotic resistance!
- Colorado State University. (2019) Researchers find multiple effects on soil from manure from cows administered antibiotics. Phys.org. October 9.
- Peake T (2017) Bacteria can spread antibiotic resistance through soil. Phys.org. October 6.
- Associated Press (2019) Oglala Lakota tribe signs International Buffalo Treaty. KEVN Black Hills Fox. October 10.
- Peyton S (2018) "Home on the Market Range: an evaluation of cultural and economic barriers to large-scale bison farming". AllCollege Thesis Program. 2016-present. 58.
Note, it's not so much anti-cow versus moderating consumption and making sure more native flora and fauna balance the equation of methane emission.
- Fraser MD, Fleming HR, Moorby JM (2014) Traditional vs Modern: Role of Breed Type in Determining Enteric Methane Emissions from Cattle Grazing as Part of Contrasting Grassland-Based Systems. PLoS ONE 9(9): e107861. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0107861
- Cattle and methane: More complicated than first meets the (rib) eye http://www.shapingtomorrowsworld.org/wahlquistmethane.html
- Nationwide shift to grass-fed beef requires larger cattle population http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:37260135
- Freilich JE, Emlen JM, Duda JJ, Freeman DC, Cafaro PJ (2003) Ecological Effects of Ranching: A Six-Point Critique. BioScience. 53(8): 759–765.
- How beef colonized the West and America’s dinner plate https://www.hcn.org/articles/food-how-beef-colonized-the-west-and-americas-dinner-plate
- Carnivore’s Dilemma https://www.nationalgeographic.com/foodfeatures/meat/
- Global Livestock Environmental Assessment Model (GLEAM) http://www.fao.org/gleam/results/en/
- Current situation and future prospects for beef production in Europe — A review https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6039334/
- Goldstein B, Moses R, Sammons N, Birkved M (2017) Potential to curb the environmental burdens of American beef consumption using a novel plant-based beef substitute. PLoS ONE 12(12): e0189029. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189029
- Global Provisioning of Red Meat for Flexitarian Diets https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6010543/
- https://www.sacredcow.info/
- Can restoring grasslands help restore the climate? https://www.virgin.com/virgin-unite/can-restoring-grasslands-help-restore-climate
- Which countries eat the most meat? https://www.bbc.com/news/health-47057341
- Langenbrunner B (2019) In models we trust. Nature Climate Change. 9: 577.
- Zhang W, et al. (2019) Ecosystem structural changes controlled by altered rainfall climatology in tropical savannas. Nature Communications. 10(1): 671
- Chemke R, Polvani LM (2019) Opposite tropical circulation trends in climate models and in reanalyses. Nature Geoscience. 12: 528-532. — PDF
- Huang J, McElroy M (2014) Contributions of the Hadley and Ferrel Circulations to the Energetics of the Atmosphere over the past 32-years. Journal of Climate. 27: 2656-2666.
- Johansen CM, Fu Q (2009) Hadley Cell Widening: Model Simulations versus Observations. American Meterological Society. 22: 2713-2725.
- Fireson DMW, Lu J, Chen G (2007) Width of the Hadley cell in simple and comprehensive generalcirculation models. Geophysical Research Letters. 34: L18804.
- Quan X-W, Diaz HF, Hoerling MP (2004) Change of the Tropical Hadely Cell Since 1950. In: Diaz H.F., Bradley R.S. (eds) The Hadley Circulation: Present, Past and Future. Advances in Global Change Research, vol 21. Springer, Dordrecht. — PDF
- Ambrizzi T, de Souza EB, Pulwarty RS (2004) The Hadley and Walker Regional Circulations and Associated ENSO Impacts on South American Seasonal Rainfall. In: Diaz H.F., Bradley R.S. (eds) The Hadley Circulation: Present, Past and Future. Advances in Global Change Research, vol 21. Springer, Dordrecht. — PDF
- IPBES (2019) Summary for policymakers of the global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. S. Díaz, J. Settele, E. S. Brondizio E.S., H. T. Ngo, M. Guèze, J. Agard, A. Arneth, P. Balvanera, K. A. Brauman, S. H. M. Butchart, K. M. A. Chan, L. A. Garibaldi, K. Ichii, J. Liu, S. M. Subramanian, G. F. Midgley, P. Miloslavich, Z. Molnár, D. Obura, A. Pfaff, S. Polasky, A. Purvis, J. Razzaque, B. Reyers, R. Roy Chowdhury, Y. J. Shin, I. J. Visseren-Hamakers, K. J. Willis, and C. N. Zayas (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. XX pages.
- Rosenburg KV, et al. (2019) Decline of the North American avifauna. Science. 366(6461): 120-124.
- Sánchez-Bayo F, Wyckhuys KAG (2019) Worldwide decline of the entomofauna: A review of its drivers. Biological Conservation. 232: 8-27.
- Carrington D (2019) Plummeting insect numbers 'threaten collapse of nature'. The Guardian. February 10.
- https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2019/02/why-insect-populations-are-plummeting-and-why-it-matters/
- Bar-On YM, Phillips R, Milo R (2018) The biomass distribution on Earth. PNAS. 115(25): 6506-6511.
- Burgee MG, Gaines SD (2018) The scale of life and its lessons for humanity. PNAS. 115(25): 6328-6330
- Carrington D (2018) Humans just 0.01% of all life but have destroyed 83% of wild mammals – study. The Guardian. May 21.
- WWF (2018) Living Planet Report 2018: Aiming higher (eds. Grooten N & Almond REA). WWF, Gland, Switzerland. — PDF
- Saha A, McRae L, Dodd, CK Jr., Gadsden H, Hare KM, Lukoschek V, Böhm M. (2018) Tracking Global Population Trends: Population Time-Series Data and a Living Planet Index for Reptiles Journal of Herpetology, 52(3), pp. 259-268.
- Hardesty-Moore M, Deinet S, Freeman R, Titcomb GC, Dillon EM, Stears K, Klope M, Bui A, Orr D, Young HS, Miller-ter Kuile A, Hughey LF, & McCauley DJ. (2018) Migration in the Anthropocene: how collective navigation, environmental system and taxonomy shape the vulnerability of migratory species. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 373: 20170017.
- Davis M, Faurby S, Svenning J-C (2018) Mammal diversity will take millions of years to recover from the current biodiversity crisis. PNAS. 115(44): 11262-11267.
- Geldmann J, Coad L, Barnes MD, Craigie ID, Woodley S, Balmford A, Brooks TM, Hockings M, Knights K, Mascia MB, McRae L, & Burgess ND. (2018) A global analysis of management capacity and ecological outcomes in terrestrial protected areas. Conservation letters: e12434.
- Kissling WD, Ahumada JA, Bowser A, Fernandez M, Fernández N, García EA, Guralnick RP, Isaac NJ, Kelling S, Los W, McRae L, Mihoub J, Obst M, Santamaria M, Skidmore AK, Williams KJ, Agosti D, Amariles D, Arvanitidis C, Bastin L, De Leo F, Egloff W, Elith J, Hobern D, Martin D, Pereira HM, Pesole G, Peterseil J, Saarenmaa H, Schigel D, Schmeller DS, Segata N, Turak E, Uhlir PF, Wee B, & Hardisty AR. (2018) Building essential biodiversity variables (EBVs) of species distribution and abundance at a global scale. Biological Reviews, 93, pp. 600-625.
- Hallmann CA, Sorg M, Jongejans E, Siepel H, Hofland N, Schwan H, et al. (2017) More than 75 percent decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas. PLoS ONE 12(10): e0185809.
- Stephenson PJ, Brooks TM, Butchart SHM, Fegraus E, Geller GN, Hoft R, Hutton J, Kingston N, Long B, & McRae L. (2017) Priorities for big biodiversity data. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 15(3), pp. 124–125.
- McRae L, Deinet S, Freeman R. (2017) The Diversity-Weighted Living Planet Index: Controlling for Taxonomic Bias in a Global Biodiversity Indicator. PLoS ONE 12(1): e0169156.
- Morelle R (2016) World wildlife populations 'fall by 58% in 40 years'. BBC News. October 27.
- McRae L, Freeman R & Marconi V (2016) 'The Living Planet Index' in: Living Planet Report 2016: Risk and resilience in a new era (ed. Oerlemans N). WWF International, Gland, Switzerland.
- Barnes MD, Craigie ID, Harrison LB, Geldmann J, Collen B, Whitmee S, Balmford A, Burgess ND, Brooks T, Hockings M, & Woodley S. (2016) Wildlife population trends in protected areas predicted by national socio-economic metrics and body size. Nature Communications, 7.
- van Strien AJ, Gmelig Meyling AW, Herder JE, Hollander H, Kalkman VJ, Poot MJM, Turnhout S, van der Hoorn B, van Strien-van Liempt WTFH, van Swaay CAM, van Turnhout CAM, Verweij RJT, & Oerlemans NJ. (2016) Modest recovery of biodiversity in a western European country: The Living Planet Index for the Netherlands. Biological Conservation, 200, pp. 44-50.
- Proença V, Martin LJ, Pereira H, Fernandez M, McRae L, Belnap J, Böhm M, Brummitt N, García-Moreno J, Gregory R, Pradinho Honrado J, Jürgens N, Opige M, Schmeller D, Tiago P, & van Swaay, CAM. (2016) Global biodiversity monitoring: From data sources to Essential Biodiversity Variables. Biological Conservation.
- McRae L, Freeman R, & Deinet S. (2014) 'The Living Planet Index' in: Living Planet Report 2014: species and spaces, people and places (eds. McLellan R, Iyengar L, Jeffries B & Oerlemans N). WWF, Gland, Switzerland.
- Tierney M, Almond R, Stanwell-Smith D, McRae L, Zöckler C, Collen B, Walpole M, Hutton J, & de Bie S. (2014) Use it or lose it: measuring trends in wild species subject to substantial use. Oryx, 48, pp 420-429.