feat: validate the free space in AKS Windows VHDs

[AbelHu]

What type of PR is this?
/kind feature

What this PR does / why we need it:
Validate the free space in AKS Windows VHDs. Based on below logs in building AKS Windows VHDs in the past months, we set $global:lowestFreeSpace to 2GB. It can avoid that the node provisioning fails because the disk is full before resize-osdisk is called in AKS Windows CSE script.

2023-10B: azure-arm: 2023-10-11T02:05:47.3821397+00:00: Disk C: Free space: 2870341632, Total size: 37054574592
2023-11B: azure-arm: 2023-11-15T04:24:35.6762674+00:00: Disk C: Free space: 7530057728, Total size: 37054574592
2023-12B: azure-arm: 2023-12-13T07:15:49.5874780+00:00: Disk C: Free space: 4424978432, Total size: 37054574592
2024-01B: azure-arm: 2024-01-10T06:19:45.8406506+00:00: Disk C: Free space: 4901367808, Total size: 37054574592
2024-01B: azure-arm: 2024-02-02T03:28:36.7695401+00:00: Disk C: Free space: 2284965888, Total size: 37054574592

Test logs in https://msazure.visualstudio.com/CloudNativeCompute/_build/results?buildId=88314843&view=logs&j=da83e503-f0a7-5e39-4c4e-547ddc065d07&t=c25eccdb-c467-51a1-7682-f93363e2409c:

    azure-arm: 2024-02-27T08:28:37.9559130+00:00: Get Disk info
    azure-arm: 2024-02-27T08:28:38.5497165+00:00: Disk C: Free space: 2969219072, Total size: 37054574592
    azure-arm: Disk C: Free space is less than 3221225472
    azure-arm: At C:\Windows\Temp\script-65dd8fe0-a38c-bcf7-1892-c8d74ee7a310.ps1:748 char:17
    azure-arm: + ...             throw "Disk C: Free space is less than $($global:lowestFr ...
    azure-arm: +                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    azure-arm:     + CategoryInfo          : OperationStopped: (Disk C: Free sp...than 3221225472:String) [], RuntimeException
    azure-arm:     + FullyQualifiedErrorId : Disk C: Free space is less than 3221225472
    azure-arm:
==> azure-arm: Provisioning step had errors: Running the cleanup provisioner, if present...

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:

Fixes #

Requirements:

• uses conventional commit messages
• includes documentation
• adds unit tests
• tested upgrade from previous version

Special notes for your reviewer:

Release note:

none

[coveralls]

Pull Request Test Coverage Report for Build 8061916206

Details

• 0 of 0 changed or added relevant lines in 0 files are covered.
• No unchanged relevant lines lost coverage.
• Overall coverage remained the same at 79.39%

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Totals
Change from base Build 8061846000:	0.0%
Covered Lines:	2292
Relevant Lines:	2887

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💛 - Coveralls