chore: upgrade CSI driver image versions in linux vhd

[andyzhangx]

What type of PR is this?
/kind feature

What this PR does / why we need it:
chore: upgrade CSI driver image versions in linux vhd

proceed with #3982 (windows image upgrade)

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:

Fixes #

Requirements:

• uses conventional commit messages
• includes documentation
• adds unit tests
• tested upgrade from previous version

Special notes for your reviewer:

Release note:

none

[coveralls]

Pull Request Test Coverage Report for Build 7735991128

• 0 of 0 changed or added relevant lines in 0 files are covered.
• No unchanged relevant lines lost coverage.
• Overall coverage remained the same at 79.313%

---

Totals
Change from base Build 7732112624:	0.0%
Covered Lines:	2285
Relevant Lines:	2881

---

💛 - Coveralls

[andyzhangx]

current failure:

==> azure-arm: + wait_sleep=5
==> azure-arm: + tarball=/opt/kubernetes/downloads/kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz
==> azure-arm: + url=https://acs-mirror.azureedge.net/kubernetes/v1.28.5/binaries/kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz
==> azure-arm: + echo '120 retries'
==> azure-arm: ++ seq 1 120
==> azure-arm: + for i in $(seq 1 $tar_retries)
==> azure-arm: + tar -tzf /opt/kubernetes/downloads/kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz
==> azure-arm: tar (child): /opt/kubernetes/downloads/kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz: Cannot open: No such file or directory
==> azure-arm: tar (child): Error is not recoverable: exiting now
==> azure-arm: tar: Child returned status 2
==> azure-arm: tar: Error is not recoverable: exiting now
==> azure-arm: + '[' 1 -eq 120 ']'
==> azure-arm: + timeout 60 curl -fsSLv https://acs-mirror.azureedge.net/kubernetes/v1.28.5/binaries/kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz -o /opt/kubernetes/downloads/kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz
==> azure-arm: + [[ 23 != 0 ]]
==> azure-arm: + cat /tmp/curl_verbose.out
    azure-arm: *   Trying 72.21.81.200...
    azure-arm: * TCP_NODELAY set
    azure-arm: * Connected to acs-mirror.azureedge.net (72.21.81.200) port 443 (#0)
    azure-arm: * ALPN, offering h2
    azure-arm: * ALPN, offering http/1.1
    azure-arm: * successfully set certificate verify locations:

[AbelHu]

LGTM. Thanks for the PR.