In this project , I provide two implementations of the function SGEMV() from BLAS library, one using Halide and the other using C.
To work on this project, I built Halide from sources using make. To do that I executed this commands:
$ git clone --depth 1 --branch llvmorg-14.0.0 https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project.git
$ cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
-DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS="clang;lld;clang-tools-extra" \
-DLLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD="X86;ARM;NVPTX;AArch64;Hexagon;WebAssembly" \
-DLLVM_ENABLE_TERMINFO=OFF -DLLVM_ENABLE_ASSERTIONS=ON \
-DLLVM_ENABLE_EH=ON -DLLVM_ENABLE_RTTI=ON -DLLVM_BUILD_32_BITS=OFF \
-S llvm-project/llvm -B llvm-build
$ cmake --build llvm-build
$ cmake --install llvm-build --prefix llvm-install
$ export LLVM_ROOT=$PWD/llvm-install
$ export LLVM_CONFIG=$LLVM_ROOT/bin/llvm-config
$ git clone https://github.com/halide/Halide.git
$ mkdir halide_build
$ cd halide_build
$ make -f ../Halide/Makefile #Or moving to the halide directory and execut $ make
$ make run_tests #just for tests
$ make test_apps #just for testIn my case I first built halide in a new directory (halide-build) than I prefered building in the same directory so I used the second method. All the the text printed in the screen while executing this script are in the text file called logs , to access directy to the begining of the commands you can use : CTRL+F and type
----------------------------------When executing the command make to build halide I got this error :
Documents/Halide/src/CodeGen_Internal.cpp: In function ‘void Halide::Internal::embed_bitcode(llvm::Module*, const string&)’:
Documents/Halide/src/CodeGen_Internal.cpp:739:24: error: ‘static void llvm::GlobalVariable::operator delete(void*)’ called on pointer returned from a mismatched allocation function [-Werror=mismatched-new-delete]
739 | module_constant);
| ^
In file included from Documents/llvm-install/include/llvm/IR/Module.h:29,
from Documents/llvm-install/include/llvm/IR/PassManager.h:46,
from Documents/llvm-install/include/llvm/Analysis/AliasAnalysis.h:45,
from Documents/Halide/src/LLVM_Headers.h:35,
from Documents/Halide/src/CodeGen_Internal.cpp:7:
Documents/llvm-install/include/llvm/IR/GlobalVariable.h:73:30: note: returned from ‘static void* llvm::User::operator new(size_t, unsigned int)’
73 | return User::operator new(s, 1);
| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~
Documents/Halide/src/CodeGen_Internal.cpp:759:56: error: ‘static void llvm::GlobalVariable::operator delete(void*)’ called on pointer returned from a mismatched allocation function [-Werror=mismatched-new-delete]
759 | command_line_constant);
| ^
In file included from Documents/llvm-install/include/llvm/IR/Module.h:29,
from Documents/llvm-install/include/llvm/IR/PassManager.h:46,
from Documents/llvm-install/include/llvm/Analysis/AliasAnalysis.h:45,
from Documents/Halide/src/LLVM_Headers.h:35,
from Documents/Halide/src/CodeGen_Internal.cpp:7:
Documents/llvm-install/include/llvm/IR/GlobalVariable.h:73:30: note: returned from ‘static void* llvm::User::operator new(size_t, unsigned int)’
73 | return User::operator new(s, 1);
| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~
Documents/Halide/src/CodeGen_Internal.cpp:778:76: error: ‘static void llvm::GlobalVariable::operator delete(void*)’ called on pointer returned from a mismatched allocation function [-Werror=mismatched-new-delete]
778 | llvm::ConstantArray::get(ATy, used_array), "llvm.compiler.used");
| ^
In file included from Documents/llvm-install/include/llvm/IR/Module.h:29,
from Documents/llvm-install/include/llvm/IR/PassManager.h:46,
from Documents/llvm-install/include/llvm/Analysis/AliasAnalysis.h:45,
from Documents/Halide/src/LLVM_Headers.h:35,
from Documents/Halide/src/CodeGen_Internal.cpp:7:
Documents/llvm-install/include/llvm/IR/GlobalVariable.h:73:30: note: returned from ‘static void* llvm::User::operator new(size_t, unsigned int)’
73 | return User::operator new(s, 1);
| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~
At global scope:
cc1plus: note: unrecognized command-line option ‘-Wno-unknown-warning-option’ may have been intended to silence earlier diagnostics
cc1plus: all warnings being treated as errors
make: *** [../Halide/Makefile:1213: bin/build/CodeGen_Internal.o] Error 1I solved it by removing the -Werror flag from the makfile of halide. Another Error that I got is when compiling a halide program , the error looks like this:
/usr/bin/ld: /home/kasmi/Documents/Halide/lib/libHalide.a(llvm_1351_Process.cpp.o): in function llvm::sys::Process::FileDescriptorHasColors(int)': (.text._ZN4llvm3sys7Process23FileDescriptorHasColorsEi+0x69): undefined reference to set_curterm'
/usr/bin/ld: (.text._ZN4llvm3sys7Process23FileDescriptorHasColorsEi+0x82): undefined reference to setupterm' /usr/bin/ld: (.text._ZN4llvm3sys7Process23FileDescriptorHasColorsEi+0x92): undefined reference to tigetnum'
/usr/bin/ld: (.text._ZN4llvm3sys7Process23FileDescriptorHasColorsEi+0x9f): undefined reference to set_curterm' /usr/bin/ld: (.text._ZN4llvm3sys7Process23FileDescriptorHasColorsEi+0xa7): undefined reference to del_curterm'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/kasmi/Documents/Halide/lib/libHalide.a(llvm_1306_Compression.cpp.o): in function llvm::zlib::compress(llvm::StringRef, llvm::SmallVectorImpl<char>&, int)': (.text._ZN4llvm4zlib8compressENS_9StringRefERNS_15SmallVectorImplIcEEi+0x2f): undefined reference to compressBound'
/usr/bin/ld: (.text._ZN4llvm4zlib8compressENS_9StringRefERNS_15SmallVectorImplIcEEi+0x70): undefined reference to compress2' /usr/bin/ld: /home/kasmi/Documents/Halide/lib/libHalide.a(llvm_1306_Compression.cpp.o): in function llvm::zlib::uncompress(llvm::StringRef, char*, unsigned long&)':
(.text._ZN4llvm4zlib10uncompressENS_9StringRefEPcRm+0x2f): undefined reference to uncompress' /usr/bin/ld: /home/kasmi/Documents/Halide/lib/libHalide.a(llvm_1306_Compression.cpp.o): in function llvm::zlib::uncompress(llvm::StringRef, llvm::SmallVectorImpl&, unsigned long)':
(.text._ZN4llvm4zlib10uncompressENS_9StringRefERNS_15SmallVectorImplIcEEm+0x66): undefined reference to uncompress' /usr/bin/ld: /home/kasmi/Documents/Halide/lib/libHalide.a(llvm_1306_Compression.cpp.o): in function llvm::zlib::crc32(llvm::StringRef)':
(.text._ZN4llvm4zlib5crc32ENS_9StringRefE+0x9): undefined reference to crc32' /usr/bin/ld: /home/kasmi/Documents/Halide/lib/libHalide.a(llvm_1310_CRC.cpp.o): in function llvm::crc32(unsigned int, llvm::ArrayRef)':
(.text._ZN4llvm5crc32EjNS_8ArrayRefIhEE+0x34): undefined reference to crc32' /usr/bin/ld: /home/kasmi/Documents/Halide/lib/libHalide.a(llvm_1310_CRC.cpp.o): in function llvm::crc32(llvm::ArrayRef)':
(.text._ZN4llvm5crc32ENS_8ArrayRefIhEE+0x34): undefined reference to crc32' /usr/bin/ld: /home/kasmi/Documents/Halide/lib/libHalide.a(llvm_1310_CRC.cpp.o): in function llvm::JamCRC::update(llvm::ArrayRef)':
(.text._ZN4llvm6JamCRC6updateENS_8ArrayRefIhEE+0x34): undefined reference to `crc32'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit statusI solved this problem by adding this parameter to the command of compilation:
-lz -ltinfoSGEMV() is a level2 function in BLAS library , the following description it taken from https://netlib.org/blas/:
SGEMV performs one of the matrix-vector operations
y := alpha*A*x + beta*y, or y := alpha*A**T*x + beta*y,
where alpha and beta are scalars, x and y are vectors and A is an
m by n matrix.
[in] TRANS
TRANS is CHARACTER*1
On entry, TRANS specifies the operation to be performed as
follows:
TRANS = 'N' or 'n' y := alpha*A*x + beta*y.
TRANS = 'T' or 't' y := alpha*A**T*x + beta*y.
TRANS = 'C' or 'c' y := alpha*A**T*x + beta*y.
[in] M
M is INTEGER
On entry, M specifies the number of rows of the matrix A.
M must be at least zero.
[in] N
N is INTEGER
On entry, N specifies the number of columns of the matrix A.
N must be at least zero.
[in] ALPHA
ALPHA is REAL
On entry, ALPHA specifies the scalar alpha.
[in] A
A is REAL array, dimension ( LDA, N )
Before entry, the leading m by n part of the array A must
contain the matrix of coefficients.
[in] LDA
LDA is INTEGER
On entry, LDA specifies the first dimension of A as declared
in the calling (sub) program. LDA must be at least
max( 1, m ).
[in] X
X is REAL array, dimension at least
( 1 + ( n - 1 )*abs( INCX ) ) when TRANS = 'N' or 'n'
and at least
( 1 + ( m - 1 )*abs( INCX ) ) otherwise.
Before entry, the incremented array X must contain the
vector x.
[in] INCX
INCX is INTEGER
On entry, INCX specifies the increment for the elements of
X. INCX must not be zero.
[in] BETA
BETA is REAL
On entry, BETA specifies the scalar beta. When BETA is
supplied as zero then Y need not be set on input.
[in,out] Y
Y is REAL array, dimension at least
( 1 + ( m - 1 )*abs( INCY ) ) when TRANS = 'N' or 'n'
and at least
( 1 + ( n - 1 )*abs( INCY ) ) otherwise.
Before entry with BETA non-zero, the incremented array Y
must contain the vector y. On exit, Y is overwritten by the
updated vector y.
[in] INCY
INCY is INTEGER
On entry, INCY specifies the increment for the elements of
Y. INCY must not be zero.
The script will compiles and run the two programes and display the results , to use it First move to the script directory please: . If you have halide installed in your system and you can provide the path you can use the command:
./script.sh -p <path_to_the_halide_directory> # IMPORTANT:please do not include '\' at the end of the path . If you have halide installed in your system but you cannot provide the path you can directy use the command without any parameter, the script will try to find the path (this does not work in all cases):
./script.sh . Finally, if you don't have halide installed in you system you can use this command; it will download the important files to compile and run the program ( The global size is 223MB) :
./script.sh -d The script will also save the final results in files , and compare between them.