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common.c
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/*
* sar, sadc, sadf, mpstat and iostat common routines.
* (C) 1999-2019 by Sebastien GODARD (sysstat <at> orange.fr)
*
***************************************************************************
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it *
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the *
* Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your *
* option) any later version. *
* *
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but *
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY *
* or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License *
* for more details. *
* *
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along *
* with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., *
* 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1335 USA *
***************************************************************************
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h> /* For STDOUT_FILENO, among others */
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <libgen.h>
#include "version.h"
#include "common.h"
#ifdef USE_NLS
#include <locale.h>
#include <libintl.h>
#define _(string) gettext(string)
#else
#define _(string) (string)
#endif
/* Number of decimal places */
extern int dplaces_nr;
/* Units (sectors, Bytes, kilobytes, etc.) */
char units[] = {'s', 'B', 'k', 'M', 'G', 'T', 'P', '?'};
/* Number of ticks per second */
unsigned long hz;
/* Number of bit shifts to convert pages to kB */
unsigned int kb_shift;
/* Colors strings */
char sc_percent_high[MAX_SGR_LEN] = C_BOLD_RED;
char sc_percent_low[MAX_SGR_LEN] = C_BOLD_MAGENTA;
char sc_zero_int_stat[MAX_SGR_LEN] = C_LIGHT_BLUE;
char sc_int_stat[MAX_SGR_LEN] = C_BOLD_BLUE;
char sc_item_name[MAX_SGR_LEN] = C_LIGHT_GREEN;
char sc_sa_restart[MAX_SGR_LEN] = C_LIGHT_RED;
char sc_sa_comment[MAX_SGR_LEN] = C_LIGHT_YELLOW;
char sc_normal[MAX_SGR_LEN] = C_NORMAL;
/* Type of persistent device names used in sar and iostat */
char persistent_name_type[MAX_FILE_LEN];
/*
***************************************************************************
* Print sysstat version number and exit.
***************************************************************************
*/
void print_version(void)
{
printf(_("sysstat version %s\n"), VERSION);
printf("(C) Sebastien Godard (sysstat <at> orange.fr)\n");
exit(0);
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Get local date and time.
*
* IN:
* @d_off Day offset (number of days to go back in the past).
*
* OUT:
* @rectime Current local date and time.
*
* RETURNS:
* Value of time in seconds since the Epoch.
***************************************************************************
*/
time_t get_localtime(struct tm *rectime, int d_off)
{
time_t timer;
__time(&timer);
timer -= SEC_PER_DAY * d_off;
localtime_r(&timer, rectime);
return timer;
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Get date and time expressed in UTC.
*
* IN:
* @d_off Day offset (number of days to go back in the past).
*
* OUT:
* @rectime Current date and time expressed in UTC.
*
* RETURNS:
* Value of time in seconds since the Epoch.
***************************************************************************
*/
time_t get_gmtime(struct tm *rectime, int d_off)
{
time_t timer;
__time(&timer);
timer -= SEC_PER_DAY * d_off;
gmtime_r(&timer, rectime);
return timer;
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Get date and time and take into account <ENV_TIME_DEFTM> variable.
*
* IN:
* @d_off Day offset (number of days to go back in the past).
*
* OUT:
* @rectime Current date and time.
*
* RETURNS:
* Value of time in seconds since the Epoch.
***************************************************************************
*/
time_t get_time(struct tm *rectime, int d_off)
{
static int utc = 0;
char *e;
if (!utc) {
/* Read environment variable value once */
if ((e = __getenv(ENV_TIME_DEFTM)) != NULL) {
utc = !strcmp(e, K_UTC);
}
utc++;
}
if (utc == 2)
return get_gmtime(rectime, d_off);
else
return get_localtime(rectime, d_off);
}
#ifdef USE_NLS
/*
***************************************************************************
* Init National Language Support.
***************************************************************************
*/
void init_nls(void)
{
setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
setlocale(LC_TIME, "");
setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "");
bindtextdomain(PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
textdomain(PACKAGE);
}
#endif
/*
***************************************************************************
* Test whether given name is a device or a partition, using sysfs.
* This is more straightforward that using ioc_iswhole() function from
* ioconf.c which should be used only with kernels that don't have sysfs.
*
* IN:
* @name Device or partition name.
* @allow_virtual TRUE if virtual devices are also accepted.
* The device is assumed to be virtual if no
* /sys/block/<device>/device link exists.
*
* RETURNS:
* TRUE if @name is not a partition.
***************************************************************************
*/
int is_device(char *name, int allow_virtual)
{
char syspath[PATH_MAX];
char *slash;
/* Some devices may have a slash in their name (eg. cciss/c0d0...) */
while ((slash = strchr(name, '/'))) {
*slash = '!';
}
snprintf(syspath, sizeof(syspath), "%s/%s%s", SYSFS_BLOCK, name,
allow_virtual ? "" : "/device");
return !(access(syspath, F_OK));
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Get page shift in kB.
***************************************************************************
*/
void get_kb_shift(void)
{
int shift = 0;
long size;
/* One can also use getpagesize() to get the size of a page */
if ((size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE)) == -1) {
perror("sysconf");
}
size >>= 10; /* Assume that a page has a minimum size of 1 kB */
while (size > 1) {
shift++;
size >>= 1;
}
kb_shift = (unsigned int) shift;
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Get number of clock ticks per second.
***************************************************************************
*/
void get_HZ(void)
{
long ticks;
if ((ticks = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK)) == -1) {
perror("sysconf");
}
hz = (unsigned long) ticks;
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Unhandled situation: Panic and exit. Should never happen.
*
* IN:
* @function Function name where situation occured.
* @error_code Error code.
***************************************************************************
*/
void sysstat_panic(const char *function, int error_code)
{
fprintf(stderr, "sysstat: %s[%d]: Internal error...\n",
function, error_code);
exit(1);
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Extract WWWN identifiers from filename, as read from /dev/disk/by-id.
*
* Sample valid names read from /dev/disk/by-id:
* wwn-0x5000cca369f193ac
* wwn-0x5000cca369f193ac-part12
* wwn-0x600605b00a2bdf00242b28c10dcb1999
* wwn-0x600605b00a2bdf00242b28c10dcb1999-part2
*
* WWN ids like these ones are ignored:
* wwn-0x5438850077615869953x
* wwn-0x5438850077615869953x-part1
*
* IN:
* @name Filename read from /dev/disk/by-id.
*
* OUT:
* @wwn WWN identifier (8 or 16 hex characters).
* @part-nr Partition number if applicable.
*
* RETURNS:
* 0 on success, -1 otherwise.
***************************************************************************
*/
int extract_wwnid(char *name, unsigned long long *wwn, unsigned int *part_nr)
{
char id[17];
char *s;
int wwnlen;
*wwn = *(wwn + 1) = 0ULL;
*part_nr = 0;
/* Check name */
if (((wwnlen = strlen(name)) < 22) || (strncmp(name, "wwn-0x", 6)))
return -1;
/* Is there a partition number? */
if ((s = strstr(name, "-part")) != NULL) {
/* Yes: Get partition number */
if (sscanf(s + 5, "%u", part_nr) == 0)
return -1;
wwnlen = s - name - 6;
}
else {
wwnlen -= 6; /* Don't count "wwn-0x" */
}
/* Check WWN length */
if ((wwnlen != 16) && (wwnlen != 32))
return -1;
/* Extract first 16 hex chars of WWN */
strncpy(id, name + 6, 16);
id[16] = '\0';
if (sscanf(id, "%llx", wwn) == 0)
return -1;
if (strlen(name) < 38)
/* This is a short (16 hex chars) WWN id */
return 0;
/* Extract second part of WWN */
if (sscanf(name + 22, "%llx", wwn + 1) == 0)
return -1;
return 0;
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Get WWWN identifiers from a pretty filename using links present in
* /dev/disk/by-id directory.
*
* IN:
* @pretty Pretty name (e.g. sda, sdb3...).
*
* OUT:
* @wwn WWN identifier (8 or 16 hex characters).
* @part-nr Partition number if applicable.
*
* RETURNS:
* 0 on success, -1 otherwise.
***************************************************************************
*/
int get_wwnid_from_pretty(char *pretty, unsigned long long *wwn, unsigned int *part_nr)
{
DIR *dir;
struct dirent *drd;
ssize_t r;
char link[PATH_MAX], target[PATH_MAX], wwn_name[FILENAME_MAX];
char *name;
int rc = -1;
/* Open /dev/disk/by-id directory */
if ((dir = opendir(DEV_DISK_BY_ID)) == NULL)
return -1;
/* Get current id */
while ((drd = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
if (strncmp(drd->d_name, "wwn-0x", 6))
continue;
/* Get absolute path for current persistent name */
snprintf(link, PATH_MAX, "%s/%s", DEV_DISK_BY_ID, drd->d_name);
/* Persistent name is usually a symlink: Read it... */
r = readlink(link, target, PATH_MAX);
if ((r <= 0) || (r >= PATH_MAX))
continue;
target[r] = '\0';
/* ... and get device pretty name it points at */
name = basename(target);
if (!name || (name[0] == '\0'))
continue;
if (!strncmp(name, pretty, FILENAME_MAX)) {
/* We have found pretty name for current persistent one */
strncpy(wwn_name, drd->d_name, FILENAME_MAX);
wwn_name[FILENAME_MAX - 1] = '\0';
/* Try to extract WWN */
if (!extract_wwnid(wwn_name, wwn, part_nr)) {
/* WWN successfully extracted */
rc = 0;
break;
}
}
}
/* Close directory */
closedir(dir);
return rc;
}
#ifndef SOURCE_SADC
/*
***************************************************************************
* Count number of comma-separated values in arguments list. For example,
* the number will be 3 for the list "foobar -p 1 -p 2,3,4 2 5".
*
* IN:
* @arg_c Number of arguments in the list.
* @arg_v Arguments list.
*
* RETURNS:
* Number of comma-separated values in the list.
***************************************************************************
*/
int count_csvalues(int arg_c, char **arg_v)
{
int opt = 1;
int nr = 0;
char *t;
while (opt < arg_c) {
if (strchr(arg_v[opt], ',')) {
for (t = arg_v[opt]; t; t = strchr(t + 1, ',')) {
nr++;
}
}
opt++;
}
return nr;
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Look for partitions of a given block device in /sys filesystem.
*
* IN:
* @dev_name Name of the block device.
*
* RETURNS:
* Number of partitions for the given block device.
***************************************************************************
*/
int get_dev_part_nr(char *dev_name)
{
DIR *dir;
struct dirent *drd;
char dfile[MAX_PF_NAME], line[MAX_PF_NAME];
int part = 0, err;
snprintf(dfile, MAX_PF_NAME, "%s/%s", SYSFS_BLOCK, dev_name);
dfile[MAX_PF_NAME - 1] = '\0';
/* Open current device directory in /sys/block */
if ((dir = opendir(dfile)) == NULL)
return 0;
/* Get current file entry */
while ((drd = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
if (!strcmp(drd->d_name, ".") || !strcmp(drd->d_name, ".."))
continue;
err = snprintf(line, MAX_PF_NAME, "%s/%s/%s", dfile, drd->d_name, S_STAT);
if ((err < 0) || (err >= MAX_PF_NAME))
continue;
/* Try to guess if current entry is a directory containing a stat file */
if (!access(line, R_OK)) {
/* Yep... */
part++;
}
}
/* Close directory */
closedir(dir);
return part;
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Read /proc/devices file and get device-mapper major number.
* If device-mapper entry is not found in file, assume it's not active.
*
* RETURNS:
* Device-mapper major number.
***************************************************************************
*/
unsigned int get_devmap_major(void)
{
FILE *fp;
char line[128];
/*
* Linux uses 12 bits for the major number,
* so this shouldn't match any real device.
*/
unsigned int dm_major = ~0U;
if ((fp = fopen(DEVICES, "r")) == NULL)
return dm_major;
while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp) != NULL) {
if (strstr(line, "device-mapper")) {
/* Read device-mapper major number */
sscanf(line, "%u", &dm_major);
}
}
fclose(fp);
return dm_major;
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Returns whether S_TIME_FORMAT is set to ISO.
*
* RETURNS:
* TRUE if S_TIME_FORMAT is set to ISO, or FALSE otherwise.
***************************************************************************
*/
int is_iso_time_fmt(void)
{
static int is_iso = -1;
char *e;
if (is_iso < 0) {
is_iso = (((e = __getenv(ENV_TIME_FMT)) != NULL) && !strcmp(e, K_ISO));
}
return is_iso;
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Print tabulations
*
* IN:
* @nr_tab Number of tabs to print.
***************************************************************************
*/
void prtab(int nr_tab)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < nr_tab; i++) {
printf("\t");
}
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* printf() function modified for XML-like output. Don't print a CR at the
* end of the line.
*
* IN:
* @nr_tab Number of tabs to print.
* @fmtf printf() format.
***************************************************************************
*/
void xprintf0(int nr_tab, const char *fmtf, ...)
{
static char buf[1024];
va_list args;
va_start(args, fmtf);
vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmtf, args);
va_end(args);
prtab(nr_tab);
printf("%s", buf);
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* printf() function modified for XML-like output. Print a CR at the end of
* the line.
*
* IN:
* @nr_tab Number of tabs to print.
* @fmtf printf() format.
***************************************************************************
*/
void xprintf(int nr_tab, const char *fmtf, ...)
{
static char buf[1024];
va_list args;
va_start(args, fmtf);
vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmtf, args);
va_end(args);
prtab(nr_tab);
printf("%s\n", buf);
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Get report date as a string of characters.
*
* IN:
* @rectime Date to display (don't use time fields).
* @cur_date String where date will be saved.
* @sz Max size of cur_date string.
*
* OUT:
* @cur_date Date (string format).
*
* RETURNS:
* TRUE if S_TIME_FORMAT is set to ISO, or FALSE otherwise.
***************************************************************************
*/
int set_report_date(struct tm *rectime, char cur_date[], int sz)
{
if (rectime == NULL) {
strncpy(cur_date, "?/?/?", sz);
cur_date[sz - 1] = '\0';
}
else if (is_iso_time_fmt()) {
strftime(cur_date, sz, "%Y-%m-%d", rectime);
return 1;
}
else {
strftime(cur_date, sz, "%x", rectime);
}
return 0;
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Print banner.
*
* IN:
* @rectime Date to display (don't use time fields).
* @sysname System name to display.
* @release System release number to display.
* @nodename Hostname to display.
* @machine Machine architecture to display.
* @cpu_nr Number of CPU.
* @format Set to FALSE for (default) plain output, and to TRUE for
* JSON format output.
*
* RETURNS:
* TRUE if S_TIME_FORMAT is set to ISO, or FALSE otherwise.
***************************************************************************
*/
int print_gal_header(struct tm *rectime, char *sysname, char *release,
char *nodename, char *machine, int cpu_nr, int format)
{
char cur_date[TIMESTAMP_LEN];
int rc = 0;
rc = set_report_date(rectime, cur_date, sizeof(cur_date));
if (format == PLAIN_OUTPUT) {
/* Plain output */
printf("%s %s (%s) \t%s \t_%s_\t(%d CPU)\n", sysname, release, nodename,
cur_date, machine, cpu_nr);
}
else {
/* JSON output */
xprintf(0, "{\"sysstat\": {");
xprintf(1, "\"hosts\": [");
xprintf(2, "{");
xprintf(3, "\"nodename\": \"%s\",", nodename);
xprintf(3, "\"sysname\": \"%s\",", sysname);
xprintf(3, "\"release\": \"%s\",", release);
xprintf(3, "\"machine\": \"%s\",", machine);
xprintf(3, "\"number-of-cpus\": %d,", cpu_nr);
xprintf(3, "\"date\": \"%s\",", cur_date);
xprintf(3, "\"statistics\": [");
}
return rc;
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Get number of rows for current window.
*
* RETURNS:
* Number of rows.
***************************************************************************
*/
int get_win_height(void)
{
struct winsize win;
/*
* This default value will be used whenever STDOUT
* is redirected to a pipe or a file
*/
int rows = 3600 * 24;
if (ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &win) != -1) {
if (win.ws_row > 2) {
rows = win.ws_row - 2;
}
}
return rows;
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Canonicalize and remove /dev from path name. If the device has a slash
* character in its name, replace it with a bang character ('!'), e.g.:
* cciss/c0d0 -> cciss!c0d0
* cciss/c0d0p1 -> cciss!c0d0p1
*
* IN:
* @name Device name (may begin with "/dev/" or can be a symlink).
*
* RETURNS:
* Device basename.
***************************************************************************
*/
char *device_name(char *name)
{
static char out[MAX_FILE_LEN];
char *resolved_name = NULL, *slash;
int i = 0;
/* realpath() creates new string, so we need to free it later */
resolved_name = __realpath(name, NULL);
/* If path doesn't exist, just return input */
if (!resolved_name) {
return name;
}
#ifdef DEBUG
fprintf(stderr, "Real pathname: %s (%s)\n", resolved_name, name);
#endif
if (!strncmp(resolved_name, "/dev/", 5)) {
i = 5;
}
strncpy(out, resolved_name + i, MAX_FILE_LEN);
out[MAX_FILE_LEN - 1] = '\0';
/* Some devices may have a slash in their name (eg. cciss/c0d0...) */
while ((slash = strchr(out, '/'))) {
*slash = '!';
}
free(resolved_name);
return out;
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Workaround for CPU counters read from /proc/stat: Dyn-tick kernels
* have a race issue that can make those counters go backward.
***************************************************************************
*/
double ll_sp_value(unsigned long long value1, unsigned long long value2,
unsigned long long itv)
{
if (value2 < value1)
return (double) 0;
else
return SP_VALUE(value1, value2, itv);
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Compute time interval.
*
* IN:
* @prev_uptime Previous uptime value (in jiffies or 1/100th of a second).
* @curr_uptime Current uptime value (in jiffies or 1/100th of a second).
*
* RETURNS:
* Interval of time in jiffies or 1/100th of a second.
***************************************************************************
*/
unsigned long long get_interval(unsigned long long prev_uptime,
unsigned long long curr_uptime)
{
unsigned long long itv;
/* prev_time=0 when displaying stats since system startup */
itv = curr_uptime - prev_uptime;
if (!itv) { /* Paranoia checking */
itv = 1;
}
return itv;
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Count number of bits set in an array.
*
* IN:
* @ptr Pointer to array.
* @size Size of array in bytes.
*
* RETURNS:
* Number of bits set in the array.
***************************************************************************
*/
int count_bits(void *ptr, int size)
{
int nr = 0, i, k;
char *p;
p = ptr;
for (i = 0; i < size; i++, p++) {
k = 0x80;
while (k) {
if (*p & k)
nr++;
k >>= 1;
}
}
return nr;
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Convert in-place input string to lowercase.
*
* IN:
* @str String to be converted.
*
* OUT:
* @str String in lowercase.
*
* RETURNS:
* String in lowercase.
***************************************************************************
*/
char *strtolower(char *str)
{
char *cp = str;
while (*cp) {
*cp = tolower(*cp);
cp++;
}
return(str);
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Get persistent type name directory from type.
*
* IN:
* @type Persistent type name (UUID, LABEL, etc.)
*
* RETURNS:
* Path to the persistent type name directory, or NULL if access is denied.
***************************************************************************
*/
char *get_persistent_type_dir(char *type)
{
static char dir[PATH_MAX];
snprintf(dir, sizeof(dir), "%s-%s", DEV_DISK_BY, type);
if (access(dir, R_OK)) {
return (NULL);
}
return (dir);
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Get persistent name absolute path.
*
* IN:
* @name Persistent name.
*
* RETURNS:
* Path to the persistent name, or NULL if file doesn't exist.
***************************************************************************
*/
char *get_persistent_name_path(char *name)
{
static char path[PATH_MAX];
snprintf(path, PATH_MAX, "%s/%s",
get_persistent_type_dir(persistent_name_type), name);
if (access(path, F_OK)) {
return (NULL);
}
return (path);
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Get files from persistent type name directory.
*
* RETURNS:
* List of files in the persistent type name directory in alphabetical order.
***************************************************************************
*/
char **get_persistent_names(void)
{
int n, i, k = 0;
char *dir;
char **files = NULL;
struct dirent **namelist;
/* Get directory name for selected persistent type */
dir = get_persistent_type_dir(persistent_name_type);
if (!dir)
return (NULL);
n = scandir(dir, &namelist, NULL, alphasort);
if (n < 0)
return (NULL);
/* If directory is empty, it contains 2 entries: "." and ".." */
if (n <= 2)
/* Free list and return NULL */
goto free_list;
/* Ignore the "." and "..", but keep place for one last NULL. */
files = (char **) calloc(n - 1, sizeof(char *));
if (!files)
goto free_list;
/*
* i is for traversing namelist, k is for files.
* i != k because we are ignoring "." and ".." entries.
*/
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
/* Ignore "." and ".." */
if (!strcmp(".", namelist[i]->d_name) ||
!strcmp("..", namelist[i]->d_name))
continue;
files[k] = (char *) calloc(strlen(namelist[i]->d_name) + 1, sizeof(char));
if (!files[k])
continue;
strcpy(files[k++], namelist[i]->d_name);
}
files[k] = NULL;
free_list:
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
free(namelist[i]);
}
free(namelist);
return (files);
}
/*
***************************************************************************
* Get persistent name from pretty name.
*
* IN:
* @pretty Pretty name (e.g. sda, sda1, ..).
*
* RETURNS:
* Persistent name.
***************************************************************************
*/
char *get_persistent_name_from_pretty(char *pretty)
{
int i = -1;
ssize_t r;
char *link, *name;
char **persist_names;
char target[PATH_MAX];
static char persist_name[FILENAME_MAX];
persist_name[0] = '\0';
/* Get list of files from persistent type name directory */
persist_names = get_persistent_names();
if (!persist_names)
return (NULL);
while (persist_names[++i]) {
/* Get absolute path for current persistent name */
link = get_persistent_name_path(persist_names[i]);