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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<search>
<entry>
<title>Ubuntu18.04基础环境配置</title>
<url>/2020/7177/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<h3 id="1-设置静态ip与DNS"><a href="#1-设置静态ip与DNS" class="headerlink" title="1. 设置静态ip与DNS"></a>1. 设置静态ip与DNS</h3><ul>
<li><p>修改/etc/network/interfaces设置静态ip</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> gedit /etc/network/interfaces</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ul>
<a id="more"></a>
<p> 修改如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)</span></span><br><span class="line">auto lo</span><br><span class="line">iface lo inet loopback</span><br><span class="line">auto enp5s0 # 网卡的名称要根据实际设置，有可能是enp1s0</span><br><span class="line">iface enp5s0 inet static</span><br><span class="line">address 172.16.62.237 # 根据实际需要设置231-239</span><br><span class="line">netmask 255.255.255.0</span><br><span class="line">gateway 172.16.62.254</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p> 重启网络服务：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> service networking restart</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>修改/etc/systemd/resolved.conf设置NDS</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> gedit /etc/systemd/resolved.conf</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p> 修改如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[Resolve]</span><br><span class="line">DNS=114.114.114.114</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p> 重启DNS服务：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> service systemd-resolved restart</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>3 设置hosts与hostname，并重启</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> gedit /etc/hosts</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> gedit /etc/hostname</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> reboot</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="2-更换国内apt源，并更新软件"><a href="#2-更换国内apt源，并更新软件" class="headerlink" title="2. 更换国内apt源，并更新软件"></a>2. 更换国内apt源，并更新软件</h4><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> vi /etc/apt/sources.list</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p> 阿里云源 <a href="https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/ubuntu?spm=a2c6h.13651102.0.0.3e221b11nkzu7o">https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/ubuntu?spm=a2c6h.13651102.0.0.3e221b11nkzu7o</a></p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get update</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get upgrade</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="3、安装基础软件"><a href="#3、安装基础软件" class="headerlink" title="3、安装基础软件"></a>3、安装基础软件</h4><ul>
<li> vi不能正常使用上下左右方向键，卸载后重新安装vi/vim</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get remove vim-common</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get install -y vim</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>安装ip、ifconfig、ping、traceroute</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get install -y iproute2 net-tools iputils-ping traceroute</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>安装pip2、pip3，并更换国内源**</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get install -y python-pip python3-pip</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> mkdir ~/.pip</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> vim ~/.pip/pip.conf</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">[global] index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple extra-index-url = https://mirrors.163.com/pypi/simple/ timeout = 60 </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ln -s /usr/bin/pip2 /usr/bin/pip2.7</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ln -s /usr/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3.6</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> rm -f /usr/bin/pip</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ln -s /usr/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> rm -f /usr/bin/python</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ln -s /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>安装文件上传下载工具lrzsz、同步工具rsync</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get install -y lrzsz rsync</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>安装ssh-server，并配置</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get install -y openssh-server</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>检查ssh-server是否启动：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ps -aux | grep sshd</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>若未出现sshd结果，则执行：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> service ssh start</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>安装发包工具、流量统计工具netperf、iperf、iftop、vnstat</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get install -y netperf iperf iftop vnstat</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>安装docker</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get install -y docker.io</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
]]></content>
<categories>
<category>Linux</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>OVS</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>git rebase 命令</title>
<url>/2020/46552/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<p>在项目的协同开发过程中，可能会产生很多的commit记录，使用git rebase能够将分叉的分支重新合并，使项目中的提交历史变得干净整洁。</p>
<a id="more"></a>
<p>假如你和A同学在同一个分支upstream/master上进行开发，当你修改了代码准备push到远端是发现失败了，原因是因为A同学已经先进行了提交，导致本地分支的提交历史已经落后于远端。需要使用git pull功能与远端同步一下，才能成功push上去。</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">$</span><span class="bash"> git pull upstream master</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">$</span><span class="bash"> git push upstream master</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>但此时通过git log查看提交历史，会发现分叉了，同时在你的PR记录里会出现A同学之前的commit记录。</p>
<p>如果不想看到分叉与过多的commit记录，可以使用<code>git rebase</code>解决。</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">$</span><span class="bash"> git rebase upstream master</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>现在push到远端</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">$</span><span class="bash"> git push upstream master</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>再次查看提交历史，不会出现分叉，且只会有一个commit。</p>
<p>在rebase的过程中，也许会出现冲突(conflict). 在这种情况，Git会停止rebase并会让你去解决冲突；rebase 和 merge的另一个区别是rebase 的冲突是一个一个解决，如果有多个冲突，先解决第一个，然后用命令</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">$</span><span class="bash"> git add -u</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">$</span><span class="bash"> git rebase --<span class="built_in">continue</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>继续后才会出现第二个冲突，直到所有冲突解决完，而merge 是所有的冲突都会显示出来。<br>另外如果rebase过程中，你想中途退出，恢复rebase前的代码则可以用命令 </p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">$</span><span class="bash"> git rebase --abort</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>git merge 操作合并分支会让两个分支的每一次提交都按照提交时间（并不是push时间）排序，并且会将两个分支的最新一次commit点进行合并成一个新的commit，最终的分支树呈现非整条线性直线的形式</p>
<p>git rebase操作实际上是将当前执行rebase分支的所有基于原分支提交点之后的commit打散成一个一个的patch，并重新生成一个新的commit hash值，再次基于原分支目前最新的commit点上进行提交，并不根据两个分支上实际的每次提交的时间点排序，rebase完成后，切到基分支进行合并另一个分支时也不会生成一个新的commit点，可以保持整个分支树的完美线性</p>
<p>当我们协同开发一个功能时，可能会在本地有无数次commit，而你实际上在你的master分支上只想显示每一个功能测试完成后的一次完整提交记录就好了，其他的提交记录并不想将来全部保留在你的master分支上，那么rebase将会是一个好的选择，他可以在rebase时将本地多次的commit合并成一个commit，还可以修改commit的描述等。</p>
<p>参考链接：<a href="https://www.jianshu.com/p/6960811ac89c">https://www.jianshu.com/p/6960811ac89c</a></p>
]]></content>
<tags>
<tag>git</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>GDB调试段错误</title>
<url>/2020/6330/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<h4 id="GDB"><a href="#GDB" class="headerlink" title="GDB"></a>GDB</h4><p>GDB 全称“GNU symbolic debugger”，从名称上不难看出，它诞生于 GNU 计划（同时诞生的还有 GCC、Emacs 等），是 Linux 下常用的程序调试器。发展至今，GDB 已经迭代了诸多个版本，当下的 GDB 支持调试多种编程语言编写的程序，包括 C、C++、Go、Objective-C、OpenCL、Ada 等。实际场景中，GDB 更常用来调试 C 和 C++ 程序。</p>
<a id="more"></a>
<p>总的来说，借助 GDB 调试器可以实现以下几个功能：</p>
<ol>
<li>程序启动时，可以按照我们自定义的要求运行程序，例如设置参数和环境变量；</li>
<li>可使被调试程序在指定代码处暂停运行，并查看当前程序的运行状态（例如当前变量的值，函数的执行结果等），即支持断点调试；</li>
<li>程序执行过程中，可以改变某个变量的值，还可以改变代码的执行顺序，从而尝试修改程序中出现的逻辑错误。</li>
</ol>
<p>判断当前 Linux 发行版是否安装有 GDB 的方法也很简单，就是在命令行窗口中执行 gdb -v 命令。如果显示以下信息，则说明该系统以及安装了GDB。</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[root@bogon ~]# gdb -v</span><br><span class="line">GNU gdb (GDB) Red Hat Enterprise Linux (7.2-92.el6)</span><br><span class="line">Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</span><br><span class="line">.......</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>参考链接：<a href="http://c.biancheng.net/view/8123.html">http://c.biancheng.net/view/8123.html</a></p>
<h4 id="段错误"><a href="#段错误" class="headerlink" title="段错误"></a>段错误</h4><p>一旦一个程序发生了越界访问，CPU就会产生相应的保护，于是segmentation fault就出现了。通俗来讲，段错误应该就是访问了不可访问的内存，这个内存区要么是不存在的，要么是受到系统保护的，还有可能是缺少文件或者文件损坏。</p>
<p>在编程中以下几类做法容易导致段错误,基本上是错误地使用<a href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%8C%87%E9%92%88">指针</a>引起的。</p>
<ol>
<li><p>访问系统数据区，尤其是往系统保护的内存地址写数据最常见就是给一个指针以0地址。</p>
</li>
<li><p>内存越界(数组越界，变量类型不一致等)： 访问到不属于你的内存区域。</p>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="示例"><a href="#示例" class="headerlink" title="示例"></a>示例</h4><p>在我们的案例中，程序通过make编译了一个可执行文件tests。</p>
<p>运行：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> gdb ./<span class="built_in">test</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>得到如下显示：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">GNU gdb (Ubuntu 8.1-0ubuntu3) 8.1.0.20180409-git</span><br><span class="line">Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</span><br><span class="line">License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html></span><br><span class="line">This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.</span><br><span class="line">There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"</span><br><span class="line">and "show warranty" for details.</span><br><span class="line">This GDB was configured as "x86_64-linux-gnu".</span><br><span class="line">Type "show configuration" for configuration details.</span><br><span class="line">For bug reporting instructions, please see:</span><br><span class="line"><http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>.</span><br><span class="line">---Type <return> to continue, or q <return> to quit---</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>输入crtl，继续输入</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">(gdb) r</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>程序会继续执行，直到发生段错误，无需打断点，并显示类似如下错误信息</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Thread 1 "tests" received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.</span><br><span class="line">0x00007ffff6216cf1 in __GI___libc_free (mem=0x5555557bd066 <aca_oam_server::ACA_Oam_Server::_parse_oam_none(unsigned int, aca_oam_server::oam_message*)>) at malloc.c:3133</span><br><span class="line">3133 malloc.c: No such file or directory.</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>从以上信息可以看到，发生段错误的位置大概在aca_oam_server::ACA_Oam_Server::_parse_oam_none这个方法。</p>
<p>我们继续输入</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">(gdb) backtrace</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">0 0x00007ffff6216cf1 <span class="keyword">in</span> __GI___libc_free (mem=0x5555557bd066 <aca_oam_server::ACA_Oam_Server::_parse_oam_none(unsigned int, aca_oam_server::oam_message*)>) at malloc.c:3133</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">1 0x00005555557a419a <span class="keyword">in</span> __gnu_cxx::new_allocator<std::__detail::_Hash_node_base*>::deallocate (this=0x7fffffffe2df,</span> </span><br><span class="line"> __p=0x5555557bd066 <aca_oam_server::ACA_Oam_Server::_parse_oam_none(unsigned int, aca_oam_server::oam_message*)>) at /usr/include/c++/7/ext/new_allocator.h:125</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">2 0x00005555557a1bcc <span class="keyword">in</span> std::allocator_traits<std::allocator<std::__detail::_Hash_node_base*> >::deallocate (__a=...,</span> </span><br><span class="line"> __p=0x5555557bd066 <aca_oam_server::ACA_Oam_Server::_parse_oam_none(unsigned int, aca_oam_server::oam_message*)>, __n=0) at /usr/include/c++/7/bits/alloc_traits.h:462</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">3 0x00005555557bea0b <span class="keyword">in</span> std::__detail::_Hashtable_alloc<std::allocator<std::__detail::_Hash_node<unsigned int, <span class="literal">false</span>> > >::_M_deallocate_buckets (</span></span><br><span class="line"> this=0x555555ba9c50 <aca_oam_server::ACA_Oam_Server::get_instance()::instance+48>, __bkts=0x5555557bd066 <aca_oam_server::ACA_Oam_Server::_parse_oam_none(unsigned int, aca_oam_server::oam_message*)>, __n=0)</span><br><span class="line"> at /usr/include/c++/7/bits/hashtable_policy.h:2121</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">4 0x00005555557be636 <span class="keyword">in</span> std::_Hashtable<unsigned int, unsigned int, std::allocator<unsigned int>, std::__detail::_Identity, std::equal_to<unsigned int>, std::<span class="built_in">hash</span><unsigned int>, std::__detail::_Mod_range_hashing, std::__detail::_Default_ranged_hash, std::__detail::_Prime_rehash_policy, std::__detail::_Hashtable_traits<<span class="literal">false</span>, <span class="literal">true</span>, <span class="literal">true</span>> >::_M_deallocate_buckets (</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>通过运行 (gdb) frame 序号可以查看更具体的信息</p>
<p>如：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">(gdb) frame 0</span><br><span class="line">#0 0x00007ffff6216cf1 in __GI___libc_free (mem=0x5555557bd066 <aca_oam_server::ACA_Oam_Server::_parse_oam_none(unsigned int, aca_oam_server::oam_message*)>) at malloc.c:3133</span><br><span class="line">3133 in malloc.c</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>我们检查代码，发现声明了一个函数数组</p>
<figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">void</span> (aca_oam_server::ACA_Oam_Server ::*_parse_oam_msg_ops[<span class="number">3</span>])(<span class="keyword">uint32_t</span> udp_dpost,oam_message *oammsg);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>但在赋值时发生了</p>
<figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">_parse_oam_msg_ops[<span class="number">3</span>] = &aca_oam_server::ACA_Oam_Server::_parse_oam_none;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>数组下标越界，导致发生了段错误。</p>
]]></content>
<tags>
<tag>c++</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>DevStack(Stein版)安装说明</title>
<url>/2020/63670/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<h3 id="1-修改apt源"><a href="#1-修改apt源" class="headerlink" title="1. 修改apt源"></a>1. 修改apt源</h3><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> vim /etc/apt/sources.list</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<a id="more"></a>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get update</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get upgrade</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="2-配置pip源与Python"><a href="#2-配置pip源与Python" class="headerlink" title="2. 配置pip源与Python"></a>2. 配置pip源与Python</h3><p>（1）配置pip国内源</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> mkdir ~/.pip</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> vim ~/.pip/pip.conf</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">[global]</span><br><span class="line">index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple</span><br><span class="line">extra-index-url = https://mirrors.163.com/pypi/simple/</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">timeout = 60</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>（2）配置pip默认为pip3，Python默认为Python3</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ln -s /usr/bin/pip2 /usr/bin/pip2.7</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ln -s /usr/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3.6</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> rm -f /usr/bin/pip</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ln -s /usr/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> rm -f /usr/bin/python</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ln -s /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="3-准备devstack安装"><a href="#3-准备devstack安装" class="headerlink" title="3. 准备devstack安装"></a>3. 准备devstack安装</h3><h4 id="（1）clone-devstack代码（Stein版）"><a href="#（1）clone-devstack代码（Stein版）" class="headerlink" title="（1）clone devstack代码（Stein版）"></a>（1）clone devstack代码（Stein版）</h4><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> git <span class="built_in">clone</span> http://git.trystack.cn/openstack-dev/devstack -b stable/stein</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="（2）创建stack账户"><a href="#（2）创建stack账户" class="headerlink" title="（2）创建stack账户"></a>（2）创建stack账户</h4><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> devstack/tools/create-stack-user.sh</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="（3）移动代码（同后续安装目标目录放在一起）"><a href="#（3）移动代码（同后续安装目标目录放在一起）" class="headerlink" title="（3）移动代码（同后续安装目标目录放在一起）"></a>（3）移动代码（同后续安装目标目录放在一起）</h4><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> mv devstack /opt/stack</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> chown -R stack:stack /opt/stack/devstack</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="（4）切换到-stack-用户"><a href="#（4）切换到-stack-用户" class="headerlink" title="（4）切换到 stack 用户"></a>（4）切换到 stack 用户</h4><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> su - stack</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> <span class="built_in">cd</span> devstack</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="（5）对于stack账户的pip，再次执行步骤2"><a href="#（5）对于stack账户的pip，再次执行步骤2" class="headerlink" title="（5）对于stack账户的pip，再次执行步骤2"></a>（5）对于stack账户的pip，再次执行步骤2</h4><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> mkdir ~/.pip</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> vim ~/.pip/pip.conf</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">[global]</span><br><span class="line">index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple</span><br><span class="line">extra-index-url = https://mirrors.163.com/pypi/simple/</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">timeout = 60</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="4-控制节点安装"><a href="#4-控制节点安装" class="headerlink" title="4. 控制节点安装"></a>4. 控制节点安装</h3><h4 id="4-1-安装控制节点，编辑local-conf"><a href="#4-1-安装控制节点，编辑local-conf" class="headerlink" title="4. 1 安装控制节点，编辑local.conf"></a>4. 1 安装控制节点，编辑local.conf</h4><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">stack@controller:~/devstack$ vim local.conf</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>控制节点（ip与网卡名根据实际设置）</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[[local|localrc]]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">---------------common section even some node role may not use this setting</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> use TryStack git mirror</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">GIT_BASE=http://git.trystack.cn</span><br><span class="line">NOVNC_REPO=http://git.trystack.cn/kanaka/noVNC.git</span><br><span class="line">SPICE_REPO=http://git.trystack.cn/git/spice/spice-html5.git</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">LIBVIRT_TYPE=kvm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">DEST=/opt/stack</span><br><span class="line">LOGFILE=$DEST/logs/stack.sh.log</span><br><span class="line">VERBOSE=True</span><br><span class="line">LOGDAYS=1</span><br><span class="line">LOG_COLOR=True</span><br><span class="line">RECLONE=false</span><br><span class="line">PIP_UPGRADE=Flase</span><br><span class="line">DOWNLOAD_DEFAULT_IMAGES=False</span><br><span class="line">IMAGE_URLS="http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.4.0/cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img"</span><br><span class="line">IP_VERSION=4</span><br><span class="line">SERVICE_IP_VERSION=4</span><br><span class="line">ENABLE_IDENTITY_V2=False</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">DATABASE_TYPE=mysql</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">SERVICE_HOST=控制节点的ip地址</span><br><span class="line">MYSQL_HOST=$SERVICE_HOST</span><br><span class="line">RABBIT_HOST=$SERVICE_HOST</span><br><span class="line">GLANCE_HOSTPORT=$SERVICE_HOST:9292</span><br><span class="line">ADMIN_PASSWORD=admin</span><br><span class="line">MYSQL_PASSWORD=admin</span><br><span class="line">RABBIT_PASSWORD=admin</span><br><span class="line">SERVICE_PASSWORD=admin</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> Neutron options</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">NEUTRON_CREATE_INITIAL_NETWORKS=False</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">MULTI_HOST=1</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">USE_PYTHON3=True</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">enable_service placement-api </span><br><span class="line">enable_service placement-client</span><br><span class="line">disable_service etcd3 </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">---------------node special section</span></span><br><span class="line">HOST_IP=控制节点的ip地址</span><br><span class="line">FLAT_INTERFACE=enp5s0（网卡名）</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">RECLONE=True</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">enable_plugin octavia https://opendev.org/openstack/octavia stable/stein</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">enable_plugin octavia http://git.trystack.cn/openstack/octavia stable/stein</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">disable_service n-cpu q-agt n-api-meta c-vol n-net</span></span><br><span class="line">disable_service n-cpu c-vol</span><br><span class="line">enable_service q-fwaas,q-vpn</span><br><span class="line">enable_service q-lbaasv2,octavia,o-cw,o-hk,o-hm,o-api</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="4-2-控制节点上，修改脚本"><a href="#4-2-控制节点上，修改脚本" class="headerlink" title="4. 2 控制节点上，修改脚本"></a>4. 2 控制节点上，修改脚本</h4><h5 id="（1）修改tools-install-pip-sh"><a href="#（1）修改tools-install-pip-sh" class="headerlink" title="（1）修改tools/install_pip.sh"></a>（1）修改tools/install_pip.sh</h5><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> vim /opt/stack/devstack/tools/install_pip.sh</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>注释掉135-140行</p>
<h5 id="（2）修改lib-apache"><a href="#（2）修改lib-apache" class="headerlink" title="（2）修改lib/apache"></a>（2）修改lib/apache</h5><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> vim /opt/stack/devstack/lib/apache</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>第98行改为 </p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">uwsgi=$(ls uWSGI*)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>第99行改为 </p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> mkdir uwsgi & tar xvf <span class="variable">$uwsgi</span> -C uwsgi</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h5 id="（3）修改lib-tempest"><a href="#（3）修改lib-tempest" class="headerlink" title="（3）修改lib/tempest"></a>（3）修改lib/tempest</h5><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> vim /opt/stack/devstack/lib/tempest</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>第110行改为python3的写法：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">echo $size | python -c "import math; print(int(math.ceil(float(int(input()) / 1024.0 ** 3))))"</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="4-3-控制节点上，执行denstack安装脚本"><a href="#4-3-控制节点上，执行denstack安装脚本" class="headerlink" title="4. 3 控制节点上，执行denstack安装脚本"></a>4. 3 控制节点上，执行denstack安装脚本</h4><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># FORCE=yes ./stack.sh</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="4-4、控制节点上，报错后的一些操作"><a href="#4-4、控制节点上，报错后的一些操作" class="headerlink" title="4. 4、控制节点上，报错后的一些操作"></a>4. 4、控制节点上，报错后的一些操作</h4><p> 每次报错后都要先执行 ./unstack.sh<br> 再执行步骤4-3</p>
<h5 id="（1）如果os-testr-1-0-0安装卡住，则可以人工安装os-testr-2-0-0"><a href="#（1）如果os-testr-1-0-0安装卡住，则可以人工安装os-testr-2-0-0" class="headerlink" title="（1）如果os-testr===1.0.0安装卡住，则可以人工安装os-testr===2.0.0"></a>（1）如果os-testr===1.0.0安装卡住，则可以人工安装os-testr===2.0.0</h5><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">#pip install os-testr==2.0.0</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>若无法解决，就直接改upper-constraints.txt文件</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># vim /opt/stack/requirements/upper-constraints.txt</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>第438行改为 os-testr===2.0.0</p>
<h5 id="（2）nova-py文件报错，novaclient-v2库中没有list-extensions函数，"><a href="#（2）nova-py文件报错，novaclient-v2库中没有list-extensions函数，" class="headerlink" title="（2）nova.py文件报错，novaclient.v2库中没有list_extensions函数，"></a>（2）nova.py文件报错，novaclient.v2库中没有list_extensions函数，</h5><p>修改horizon/openstack_dashboard/api/nova.py</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> rm /opt/stack/horizon/openstack_dashboard/api/nova.py</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>将上述nova.py文件替换为下面网址里的文件<br><a href="https://opendev.org/openstack/horizon/src/commit/b148c9207580731863e4dc49771e132a8c31edbc/openstack_dashboard/api/nova.py">https://opendev.org/openstack/horizon/src/commit/b148c9207580731863e4dc49771e132a8c31edbc/openstack_dashboard/api/nova.py</a><br>也可以用wget直接下载，下载链接如下：<br><a href="https://opendev.org/openstack/horizon/raw/commit/b148c9207580731863e4dc49771e132a8c31edbc/openstack_dashboard/api/nova.py">https://opendev.org/openstack/horizon/raw/commit/b148c9207580731863e4dc49771e132a8c31edbc/openstack_dashboard/api/nova.py</a></p>
<h5 id="（3）oslo-privsep-daemon-FailedToDropPrivileges-privsep-helper-command-exited-non-zero"><a href="#（3）oslo-privsep-daemon-FailedToDropPrivileges-privsep-helper-command-exited-non-zero" class="headerlink" title="（3）oslo_privsep.daemon.FailedToDropPrivileges: privsep helper command exited non-zero"></a>（3）oslo_privsep.daemon.FailedToDropPrivileges: privsep helper command exited non-zero</h5><p>修改/usr/local/bin/privsep-helper</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># vim /usr/local/bin/privsep-helper</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>sys.exit(helper_main()) 改为 sys.exit(0)</p>
<h5 id="（4）如果cirros-0-4-0-x86-64-disk-img下载卡住，可以浏览器下载，再放入对应目录"><a href="#（4）如果cirros-0-4-0-x86-64-disk-img下载卡住，可以浏览器下载，再放入对应目录" class="headerlink" title="（4）如果cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img下载卡住，可以浏览器下载，再放入对应目录"></a>（4）如果cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img下载卡住，可以浏览器下载，再放入对应目录</h5><p>下载链接复制到浏览器 <a href="http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.4.0/cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img">http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.4.0/cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img</a><br>把下载好的镜像文件传到服务器，再放入对应目录</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># mv cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img /opt/stack/devstack/files/</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h5 id="（5）若git某个模块卡住，则可以手工git-clone"><a href="#（5）若git某个模块卡住，则可以手工git-clone" class="headerlink" title="（5）若git某个模块卡住，则可以手工git clone"></a>（5）若git某个模块卡住，则可以手工git clone</h5><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># git clone http://git.trystack.cn/openstack/neutron /opt/stack/neutron -b stable/stein</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="4-5-控制节点安装结束后的输出"><a href="#4-5-控制节点安装结束后的输出" class="headerlink" title="4. 5 控制节点安装结束后的输出"></a>4. 5 控制节点安装结束后的输出</h4><p>执行 # ./run_tests.sh 进行各项服务的测试</p>
<p>执行 # openstack user list ，若出现 Missing value auth-url required for auth plugin password<br>则执行 # source openrc admin admin</p>
<h4 id="4-6-控制节点安装结束后登录OpenStack-web界面，账号密码均为-admin"><a href="#4-6-控制节点安装结束后登录OpenStack-web界面，账号密码均为-admin" class="headerlink" title="4. 6 控制节点安装结束后登录OpenStack web界面，账号密码均为 admin"></a>4. 6 控制节点安装结束后登录OpenStack web界面，账号密码均为 admin</h4><p> <a href="http://172.16.62.229/dashboard/auth/login/">http://172.16.62.229/dashboard/auth/login/</a></p>
<p>若侧边栏：管理员/计算/实例 报错，则检查nova日志</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># journalctl -f --unit [email protected]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>报错：oslo.messaging._drivers.impl_rabbit [-] AMQP server on 172.16.62.229 is unreachable: [Errno 104] Connection reset by peer.<br>rabbitmq添加用户</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> rabbitmqctl add_user admin admin</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / admin <span class="string">"."</span> <span class="string">"."</span> <span class="string">".*"</span> ;</span> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> rabbitmqctl set_user_tags admin administrator;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> service rabbitmq-server restart</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> rabbitmqctl list_users</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="5-计算节点安装"><a href="#5-计算节点安装" class="headerlink" title="5. 计算节点安装"></a>5. 计算节点安装</h3><h4 id="5-1-安装计算节点，编辑local-conf"><a href="#5-1-安装计算节点，编辑local-conf" class="headerlink" title="5.1 安装计算节点，编辑local.conf"></a>5.1 安装计算节点，编辑local.conf</h4><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> stack@computer1:~/devstack$ vim local.conf</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>计算节点（ip与网卡名根据实际设置）</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[[local|localrc]]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">---------------common section even some node role may not use this setting</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> use TryStack git mirror</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">GIT_BASE=http://git.trystack.cn</span><br><span class="line">NOVNC_REPO=http://git.trystack.cn/kanaka/noVNC.git</span><br><span class="line">SPICE_REPO=http://git.trystack.cn/git/spice/spice-html5.git</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">LIBVIRT_TYPE=kvm</span> </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">DEST=/opt/stack</span><br><span class="line">LOGFILE=$DEST/logs/stack.sh.log</span><br><span class="line">VERBOSE=True</span><br><span class="line">LOGDAYS=1</span><br><span class="line">LOG_COLOR=True</span><br><span class="line">RECLONE=false</span><br><span class="line">PIP_UPGRADE=Flase</span><br><span class="line">DOWNLOAD_DEFAULT_IMAGES=False</span><br><span class="line">IMAGE_URLS="http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.4.0/cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img"</span><br><span class="line">IP_VERSION=4</span><br><span class="line">SERVICE_IP_VERSION=4</span><br><span class="line">ENABLE_IDENTITY_V2=False</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">DATABASE_TYPE=mysql</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">SERVICE_HOST=控制结点的ip地址</span><br><span class="line">MYSQL_HOST=$SERVICE_HOST</span><br><span class="line">RABBIT_HOST=$SERVICE_HOST</span><br><span class="line">GLANCE_HOSTPORT=$SERVICE_HOST:9292</span><br><span class="line">ADMIN_PASSWORD=admin</span><br><span class="line">MYSQL_PASSWORD=admin</span><br><span class="line">RABBIT_PASSWORD=admin</span><br><span class="line">SERVICE_PASSWORD=admin</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> Neutron options</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">NEUTRON_CREATE_INITIAL_NETWORKS=False</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">MULTI_HOST=1</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">USE_PYTHON3=True</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">---------------compute node common section</span></span><br><span class="line">ENABLED_SERVICES=n-cpu,q-agt,n-api-meta,placement-client,n-novnc</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">NOVA_VNC_ENABLED=True</span><br><span class="line">NOVNCPROXY_URL="http://$SERVICE_HOST:6080/vnc_auto.html"</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">---------------compute node special section</span></span><br><span class="line">HOST_IP=计算结点ip地址</span><br><span class="line">FLAT_INTERFACE=enp5s0（本机网卡名）</span><br><span class="line">VNCSERVER_PROXYCLIENT_ADDRESS=$HOST_IP</span><br><span class="line">VNCSERVER_LISTEN=$HOST_IP</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash">ENABLED_SERVICES+=,c-vol</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="5-2、计算节点上，修改脚本，同4-2"><a href="#5-2、计算节点上，修改脚本，同4-2" class="headerlink" title="5. 2、计算节点上，修改脚本，同4-2"></a>5. 2、计算节点上，修改脚本，同4-2</h4><h4 id="5-3、计算节点上，执行denstack安装脚本"><a href="#5-3、计算节点上，执行denstack安装脚本" class="headerlink" title="5. 3、计算节点上，执行denstack安装脚本"></a>5. 3、计算节点上，执行denstack安装脚本</h4><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> FORCE=yes ./stack.sh</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="5-4、计算节点上，报错后的一些操作"><a href="#5-4、计算节点上，报错后的一些操作" class="headerlink" title="5. 4、计算节点上，报错后的一些操作"></a>5. 4、计算节点上，报错后的一些操作</h4><p> 每次报错后都要先执行 ./unstack.sh<br> 再执行步骤5-3<br> 具体操作同4-4，一般只会遇到4-4-(1)、(3)的报错，git clone和安装时的网络环境有关</p>
<h4 id="5-5、计算节点安装结束后的输出"><a href="#5-5、计算节点安装结束后的输出" class="headerlink" title="5. 5、计算节点安装结束后的输出"></a>5. 5、计算节点安装结束后的输出</h4><p>执行 # ./run_tests.sh 进行各项服务的测试</p>
<p>执行 # openstack user list ，若出现 Missing value auth-url required for auth plugin password<br>则执行 # source openrc admin admin</p>
<h4 id="5-6、让计算节点注册，在控制节点上运行"><a href="#5-6、让计算节点注册，在控制节点上运行" class="headerlink" title="5. 6、让计算节点注册，在控制节点上运行"></a>5. 6、让计算节点注册，在控制节点上运行</h4><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">stack@controller:~/devstack$ /opt/stack/devstack/tools/discover_hosts.sh</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="5-7、计算节点安装结束后登录OpenStack-web界面，账号密码均为-admin格式为"><a href="#5-7、计算节点安装结束后登录OpenStack-web界面，账号密码均为-admin格式为" class="headerlink" title="5. 7、计算节点安装结束后登录OpenStack web界面，账号密码均为 admin格式为"></a>5. 7、计算节点安装结束后登录OpenStack web界面，账号密码均为 admin格式为</h4><p>http://控制结点ip地址/dashboard/auth/login/</p>
<p>例如：<a href="http://172.16.62.229/dashboard/auth/login/">http://172.16.62.229/dashboard/auth/login/</a></p>
<p>侧边栏：管理员/计算/虚拟机管理器，可以看到新增的计算节点<br>http://控制结点ip地址/dashboard/admin/hypervisors/</p>
]]></content>
<categories>
<category>云计算</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>OpenStack</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Ubuntu18.04基础环境配置</title>
<url>/2020/7178/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<h3 id="1-设置静态ip与DNS"><a href="#1-设置静态ip与DNS" class="headerlink" title="1. 设置静态ip与DNS"></a>1. 设置静态ip与DNS</h3><ul>
<li><p>修改/etc/network/interfaces设置静态ip</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> gedit /etc/network/interfaces</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ul>
<a id="more"></a>
<p> 修改如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)</span></span><br><span class="line">auto lo</span><br><span class="line">iface lo inet loopback</span><br><span class="line">auto enp5s0 # 网卡的名称要根据实际设置，有可能是enp1s0</span><br><span class="line">iface enp5s0 inet static</span><br><span class="line">address 172.16.62.237 # 根据实际需要设置231-239</span><br><span class="line">netmask 255.255.255.0</span><br><span class="line">gateway 172.16.62.254</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p> 重启网络服务：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> service networking restart</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>修改/etc/systemd/resolved.conf设置NDS</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> gedit /etc/systemd/resolved.conf</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p> 修改如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[Resolve]</span><br><span class="line">DNS=114.114.114.114</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p> 重启DNS服务：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> service systemd-resolved restart</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>3 设置hosts与hostname，并重启</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> gedit /etc/hosts</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> gedit /etc/hostname</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> reboot</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="2-更换国内apt源，并更新软件"><a href="#2-更换国内apt源，并更新软件" class="headerlink" title="2. 更换国内apt源，并更新软件"></a>2. 更换国内apt源，并更新软件</h4><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> vi /etc/apt/sources.list</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p> 阿里云源 <a href="https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/ubuntu?spm=a2c6h.13651102.0.0.3e221b11nkzu7o">https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/ubuntu?spm=a2c6h.13651102.0.0.3e221b11nkzu7o</a></p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get update</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get upgrade</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="3、安装基础软件"><a href="#3、安装基础软件" class="headerlink" title="3、安装基础软件"></a>3、安装基础软件</h4><ul>
<li> vi不能正常使用上下左右方向键，卸载后重新安装vi/vim</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get remove vim-common</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get install -y vim</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>安装ip、ifconfig、ping、traceroute</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get install -y iproute2 net-tools iputils-ping traceroute</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>安装pip2、pip3，并更换国内源**</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get install -y python-pip python3-pip</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> mkdir ~/.pip</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> vim ~/.pip/pip.conf</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">[global] index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple extra-index-url = https://mirrors.163.com/pypi/simple/ timeout = 60 </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ln -s /usr/bin/pip2 /usr/bin/pip2.7</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ln -s /usr/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3.6</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> rm -f /usr/bin/pip</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ln -s /usr/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> rm -f /usr/bin/python</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ln -s /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>安装文件上传下载工具lrzsz、同步工具rsync</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get install -y lrzsz rsync</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>安装ssh-server，并配置</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get install -y openssh-server</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>检查ssh-server是否启动：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ps -aux | grep sshd</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>若未出现sshd结果，则执行：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> service ssh start</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>安装发包工具、流量统计工具netperf、iperf、iftop、vnstat</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get install -y netperf iperf iftop vnstat</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>安装docker</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> apt-get install -y docker.io</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
]]></content>
<categories>
<category>Linux</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>OVS</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>OVS Tunnel Options</title>
<url>/2020/63049/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<ul>
<li><p><strong>options: remote_ip</strong></p>
<p>String类型，远程隧道端口。必须是个单播地址ipv4或者ipv6，或者是一个关键词flow。如果设置成flow，即remote_ip=flow则flow这个动作(set_field)必须指定tun_dst或tun_ipv6_dst为远程隧道端口的IP。</p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>options: local_ip</strong></p>
<p>String类型，本地隧道端口。必须是个单播地址ipv4或者ipv6，或者是一个关键词flow。如果设置成flow，即local_ip=flow则flow这个动作(set_field)必须指定tun_src或者tun_ipv6_src为本地隧道端口的IP。</p>
<a id="more"></a>
</li>
<li><p><strong>options: in_key</strong></p>
<p>String类型，隧道接收的包，包的key值含以下三者之一：0，包中如果没有key或者这个key是0，则表示没有这个属性；一个确定的24bit(Geneve，VXLAN，LISP)，32bit（GRE），64bit（STT）数字，隧道会接收以上指定key的包；关键字flow，隧道会接收任意key的包，key会被替换成tun_id，并使用tun_id去匹配流表。</p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>options: out_key</strong></p>
<p>String类型，隧道发送的包，包的key值被设置为：0，包如果被设置为0，则发送的包不会带有该属性，等同于不设置改属性；一个确定的24bit(Geneve，VXLAN，LISP)，32bit（GRE），64bit（STT）数字，隧道发送的包会带上该key；关键字flow，隧道会设置key值。</p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>options: key</strong></p>
<p>String类型，如果in_key和out_key是同一数值，则可以合并为该属性。</p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>options: tos</strong></p>
<p>String类型，在封包的时候添加进ToS字段。</p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>options: ttl</strong></p>
<p>String类型，可以设置为inherit、数字、不设置，TTL字段会被设置在封装包中，该属性表示该包在路由前最大经过的网段数量。inherit表示从inner packet(必须要是ipv4或ipv6)中拷贝TTL字段，不设置则默认为64。</p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>options: df_default</strong></p>
<p>布尔类型，如果为true表示不分包bit会被设置在封装包头中，去让MTU发现。</p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>Tunnel Options: vxlan only</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>options: exts</strong>—以逗号为分隔的vxlan扩展功能，目前支持的属性有：gbp，VXLAN-GBP允许传输一个包的组策略上下文在vxlan隧道中。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p><strong>Tunnel Options: gre, ipsec_gre, geneve, vxlan</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>options: csum</strong> — String类型，只可能是True、False。在发包中计算封包头的校验，GRE默认支持，vxlan和geneve则需要kernel > 4.0</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
]]></content>
<categories>
<category>OVS</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>OVS</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
</search>