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Configuration parameters

There are two mutually-exclusive methods to set the Postgres Operator configuration.

  • ConfigMaps-based, the legacy one
  • CRD-based configuration

Variable names are underscore-separated words.

ConfigMaps-based

The configuration is supplied in a key-value configmap, defined by the CONFIG_MAP_NAME environment variable. Non-scalar values, i.e. lists or maps, are encoded in the value strings using the comma-based syntax for lists and coma-separated key:value syntax for maps. String values containing ':' should be enclosed in quotes. The configuration is flat, parameter group names below are not reflected in the configuration structure. There is an example

For the configmap configuration, the default parameter values mentioned here are likely to be overwritten in your local operator installation via your local version of the operator configmap. In the case you use the operator CRD, all the CRD defaults are provided in the operator's default configuration manifest

CRD-based configuration

The configuration is stored in a custom YAML manifest. The manifest is an instance of the custom resource definition (CRD) called OperatorConfiguration. The operator registers this CRD during the start and uses it for configuration if the operator deployment manifest sets the POSTGRES_OPERATOR_CONFIGURATION_OBJECT env variable to a non-empty value. The variable should point to the postgresql-operator-configuration object in the operator's namespace.

The CRD-based configuration is a regular YAML document; non-scalar keys are simply represented in the usual YAML way. There are no default values built-in in the operator, each parameter that is not supplied in the configuration receives an empty value. In order to create your own configuration just copy the default one and change it.

To test the CRD-based configuration locally, use the following

  kubectl create -f manifests/operatorconfiguration.crd.yaml # registers the CRD
  kubectl create -f manifests/postgresql-operator-default-configuration.yaml

  kubectl create -f manifests/operator-service-account-rbac.yaml
  kubectl create -f manifests/postgres-operator.yaml # set the env var as mentioned above

  kubectl get operatorconfigurations postgresql-operator-default-configuration -o yaml

The CRD-based configuration is more powerful than the one based on ConfigMaps and should be used unless there is a compatibility requirement to use an already existing configuration. Even in that case, it should be rather straightforward to convert the ConfigMap-based configuration into the CRD-based one and restart the operator. The ConfigMap-based configuration will be deprecated and subsequently removed in future releases.

Note that for the CRD-based configuration groups of configuration options below correspond to the non-leaf keys in the target YAML (i.e. for the Kubernetes resources the key is kubernetes). The key is mentioned alongside the group description. The ConfigMap-based configuration is flat and does not allow non-leaf keys.

Since in the CRD-based case the operator needs to create a CRD first, which is controlled by the resource_check_interval and resource_check_timeout parameters, those parameters have no effect and are replaced by the CRD_READY_WAIT_INTERVAL and CRD_READY_WAIT_TIMEOUT environment variables. They will be deprecated and removed in the future.

General

Those are top-level keys, containing both leaf keys and groups.

  • enable_crd_registration Instruct the operator to create/update the CRDs. If disabled the operator will rely on the CRDs being managed separately. The default is true.

  • enable_crd_validation deprecated: toggles if the operator will create or update CRDs with OpenAPI v3 schema validation The default is true. false will be ignored, since apiextensions.io/v1 requires a structural schema definition.

  • crd_categories The operator will register CRDs in the all category by default so that they will be returned by a kubectl get all call. You are free to change categories or leave them empty.

  • enable_lazy_spilo_upgrade Instruct operator to update only the statefulsets with new images (Spilo and InitContainers) without immediately doing the rolling update. The assumption is pods will be re-started later with new images, for example due to the node rotation. The default is false.

  • enable_pgversion_env_var With newer versions of Spilo, it is preferable to use PGVERSION pod environment variable instead of the setting postgresql.bin_dir in the SPILO_CONFIGURATION env variable. When this option is true, the operator sets PGVERSION and omits postgresql.bin_dir from SPILO_CONFIGURATION. When false, the postgresql.bin_dir is set. This setting takes precedence over PGVERSION; see PR 222 in Spilo. The default is true.

  • enable_team_id_clustername_prefix To lower the risk of name clashes between clusters of different teams you can turn on this flag and the operator will sync only clusters where the name starts with the teamId (from spec) plus -. Default is false.

  • etcd_host Etcd connection string for Patroni defined as host:port. Not required when Patroni native Kubernetes support is used. The default is empty (use Kubernetes-native DCS).

  • kubernetes_use_configmaps Select if setup uses endpoints (default), or configmaps to manage leader when DCS is kubernetes (not etcd or similar). In OpenShift it is not possible to use endpoints option, and configmaps is required. By default, kubernetes_use_configmaps: false, meaning endpoints will be used.

  • docker_image Spilo Docker image for Postgres instances. For production, don't rely on the default image, as it might be not the most up-to-date one. Instead, build your own Spilo image from the github repository.

  • sidecar_docker_images deprecated: use sidecars instead. A map of sidecar names to Docker images to run with Spilo. In case of the name conflict with the definition in the cluster manifest the cluster-specific one is preferred.

  • sidecars a list of sidecars to run with Spilo, for any cluster (i.e. globally defined sidecars). Each item in the list is of type Container. Globally defined sidecars can be overwritten by specifying a sidecar in the Postgres manifest with the same name. Note: This field is not part of the schema validation. If the container specification is invalid, then the operator fails to create the statefulset.

  • enable_shm_volume Instruct operator to start any new database pod without limitations on shm memory. If this option is enabled, to the target database pod will be mounted a new tmpfs volume to remove shm memory limitation (see e.g. the docker issue). This option is global for an operator object, and can be overwritten by enableShmVolume parameter from Postgres manifest. The default is true.

  • workers number of working routines the operator spawns to process requests to create/update/delete/sync clusters concurrently. The default is 8.

  • max_instances operator will cap the number of instances in any managed Postgres cluster up to the value of this parameter. When -1 is specified, no limits are applied. The default is -1.

  • min_instances operator will run at least the number of instances for any given Postgres cluster equal to the value of this parameter. Standby clusters can still run with numberOfInstances: 1 as this is the recommended setup. When -1 is specified for min_instances, no limits are applied. The default is -1.

  • ignore_instance_limits_annotation_key for some clusters it might be required to scale beyond the limits that can be configured with min_instances and max_instances options. You can define an annotation key that can be used as a toggle in cluster manifests to ignore globally configured instance limits. The default is empty.

  • resync_period period between consecutive sync requests. The default is 30m.

  • repair_period period between consecutive repair requests. The default is 5m.

  • set_memory_request_to_limit Set memory_request to memory_limit for all Postgres clusters (the default value is also increased but configured max_memory_request can not be bypassed). This prevents certain cases of memory overcommitment at the cost of overprovisioning memory and potential scheduling problems for containers with high memory limits due to the lack of memory on Kubernetes cluster nodes. This affects all containers created by the operator (Postgres, connection pooler, logical backup, scalyr sidecar, and other sidecars except sidecars defined in the operator configuration); to set resources for the operator's own container, change the operator deployment manually. The default is false.

Postgres users

Parameters describing Postgres users. In a CRD-configuration, they are grouped under the users key.

  • super_username Postgres superuser name to be created by initdb. The default is postgres.

  • replication_username Postgres username used for replication between instances. The default is standby.

  • additional_owner_roles Specifies database roles that will be granted to all database owners. Owners can then use SET ROLE to obtain privileges of these roles to e.g. create or update functionality from extensions as part of a migration script. One such role can be cron_admin which is provided by the Spilo docker image to set up cron jobs inside the postgres database. In general, roles listed here should be preconfigured in the docker image and already exist in the database cluster on startup. Otherwise, syncing roles will return an error on each cluster sync process. Alternatively, you have to create the role and do the GRANT manually. Note, the operator will not allow additional owner roles to be members of database owners because it should be vice versa. If the operator cannot set up the correct membership it tries to revoke all additional owner roles from database owners. Default is empty.

  • enable_password_rotation For all LOGIN roles that are not database owners the operator can rotate credentials in the corresponding K8s secrets by replacing the username and password. This means, new users will be added on each rotation inheriting all priviliges from the original roles. The rotation date (in YYMMDD format) is appended to the names of the new user. The timestamp of the next rotation is written to the secret. The default is false.

  • password_rotation_interval If password rotation is enabled (either from config or cluster manifest) the interval can be configured with this parameter. The measure is in days which means daily rotation (1) is the most frequent interval possible. Default is 90.

  • password_rotation_user_retention To avoid an ever growing amount of new users due to password rotation the operator will remove the created users again after a certain amount of days has passed. The number can be configured with this parameter. However, the operator will check that the retention policy is at least twice as long as the rotation interval and update to this minimum in case it is not. Default is 180.

Major version upgrades

Parameters configuring automatic major version upgrades. In a CRD-configuration, they are grouped under the major_version_upgrade key.

  • major_version_upgrade_mode Postgres Operator supports in-place major version upgrade with three different modes: "off" = no upgrade by the operator, "manual" = manifest triggers action, "full" = manifest and minimal version violation trigger upgrade. Note, that with all three modes increasing the version in the manifest will trigger a rolling update of the pods. The default is "manual".

  • major_version_upgrade_team_allow_list Upgrades will only be carried out for clusters of listed teams when mode is set to "off". The default is empty.

  • minimal_major_version The minimal Postgres major version that will not automatically be upgraded when major_version_upgrade_mode is set to "full". The default is "13".

  • target_major_version The target Postgres major version when upgrading clusters automatically which violate the configured allowed minimal_major_version when major_version_upgrade_mode is set to "full". The default is "17".

Kubernetes resources

Parameters to configure cluster-related Kubernetes objects created by the operator, as well as some timeouts associated with them. In a CRD-based configuration they are grouped under the kubernetes key.

  • enable_finalizers By default, a deletion of the Postgresql resource will trigger an event that leads to a cleanup of all child resources. However, if the database cluster is in a broken state (e.g. failed initialization) and the operator cannot fully sync it, there can be leftovers. By enabling finalizers the operator will ensure all managed resources are deleted prior to the Postgresql resource. See also admin docs for more information The default is false.

  • enable_owner_references The operator can set owner references on its child resources (except PVCs, Patroni config service/endpoint, cross-namespace secrets) to improve cluster monitoring and enable cascading deletion. The default is false. Warning, enabling this option disables configured delete protection checks (see below).

  • delete_annotation_date_key key name for annotation that compares manifest value with current date in the YYYY-MM-DD format. Allowed pattern: '([A-Za-z0-9][-A-Za-z0-9_.]*)?[A-Za-z0-9]'. The default is empty which also disables this delete protection check.

  • delete_annotation_name_key key name for annotation that compares manifest value with Postgres cluster name. Allowed pattern: '([A-Za-z0-9][-A-Za-z0-9_.]*)?[A-Za-z0-9]'. The default is empty which also disables this delete protection check.

  • pod_service_account_name service account used by Patroni running on individual Pods to communicate with the operator. Required even if native Kubernetes support in Patroni is not used, because Patroni keeps pod labels in sync with the instance role. The default is postgres-pod.

  • pod_service_account_definition On Postgres cluster creation the operator tries to create the service account for the Postgres pods if it does not exist in the namespace. The internal default service account definition (defines only the name) can be overwritten with this parameter. Make sure to provide a valid YAML or JSON string. The default is empty.

  • pod_service_account_role_binding_definition This definition must bind the pod service account to a role with permission sufficient for the pods to start and for Patroni to access K8s endpoints; service account on its own lacks any such rights starting with K8s v1.8. If not explicitly defined by the user, a simple definition that binds the account to the 'postgres-pod' cluster role will be used. The default is empty.

  • pod_terminate_grace_period Postgres pods are terminated forcefully after this timeout. The default is 5m.

  • custom_pod_annotations This key/value map provides a list of annotations that get attached to each pod of a database created by the operator. If the annotation key is also provided by the database definition, the database definition value is used.

  • downscaler_annotations An array of annotations that should be passed from Postgres CRD on to the statefulset and, if exists, to the connection pooler deployment as well. Regular expressions like downscaler/* etc. are also accepted. Can be used with kube-downscaler.

  • ignored_annotations Some K8s tools inject and update annotations out of the Postgres Operator control. This can cause rolling updates on each cluster sync cycle. With this option you can specify an array of annotation keys that should be ignored when comparing K8s resources on sync. The default is empty.

  • watched_namespace The operator watches for Postgres objects in the given namespace. If not specified, the value is taken from the operator namespace. A special * value makes it watch all namespaces. The default is empty (watch the operator pod namespace).

  • pdb_name_format defines the template for PDB (Pod Disruption Budget) names created by the operator. The default is postgres-{cluster}-pdb, where {cluster} is replaced by the cluster name. Only the {cluster} placeholders is allowed in the template.

  • pdb_master_label_selector By default the PDB will match the master role hence preventing nodes to be drained if the node_readiness_label is not used. If this option if set to false the spilo-role=master selector will not be added to the PDB.

  • persistent_volume_claim_retention_policy The operator tries to protect volumes as much as possible. If somebody accidentally deletes the statefulset or scales in the numberOfInstances the Persistent Volume Claims and thus Persistent Volumes will be retained. However, this can have some consequences when you scale out again at a much later point, for example after the cluster's Postgres major version has been upgraded, because the old volume runs the old Postgres version with stale data. Even if the version has not changed the replication lag could be massive. In this case a reinitialization of the re-added member would make sense. You can also modify the retention policy of PVCs in the operator configuration. The behavior can be changed for two scenarios: when_deleted - default is "retain" - or when_scaled - default is also "retain". The other possible option is delete.

  • enable_secrets_deletion By default, the operator deletes secrets when removing the Postgres cluster manifest. To keep secrets, set this option to false. The default is true.

  • enable_persistent_volume_claim_deletion By default, the operator deletes persistent volume claims when removing the Postgres cluster manifest, no matter if persistent_volume_claim_retention_policy on the statefulset is set to retain. To keep PVCs set this option to false. The default is true.

  • enable_pod_disruption_budget PDB is enabled by default to protect the cluster from voluntarily disruptions and hence unwanted DB downtime. However, on some cloud providers it could be necessary to temporarily disabled it, e.g. for node updates. See admin docs for more information. Default is true.

  • enable_cross_namespace_secret To allow secrets in a different namespace other than the Postgres cluster namespace. Once enabled, specify the namespace in the user name under the users section in the form {namespace}.{username}. The default is false.

  • enable_init_containers global option to allow for creating init containers in the cluster manifest to run actions before Spilo is started. Default is true.

  • enable_sidecars global option to allow for creating sidecar containers in the cluster manifest to run alongside Spilo on the same pod. Globally defined sidecars are always enabled. Default is true.

  • share_pgsocket_with_sidecars global option to create an emptyDir volume named postgresql-run. This is mounted by all containers at /var/run/postgresql sharing the unix socket of PostgreSQL (pg_socket) with the sidecars this way. Default is false.

  • secret_name_template a template for the name of the database user secrets generated by the operator. {namespace} is replaced with name of the namespace if enable_cross_namespace_secret is set, otherwise the secret is in cluster's namespace. {username} is replaced with name of the secret, {cluster} with the name of the cluster, {tprkind} with the kind of CRD (formerly known as TPR) and {tprgroup} with the group of the CRD. No other placeholders are allowed. The default is {namespace}.{username}.{cluster}.credentials.{tprkind}.{tprgroup}.

  • cluster_domain defines the default DNS domain for the kubernetes cluster the operator is running in. The default is cluster.local. Used by the operator to connect to the Postgres clusters after creation.

  • oauth_token_secret_name namespaced name of the secret containing the OAuth2 token to pass to the teams API. The default is postgresql-operator.

  • infrastructure_roles_secret_name deprecated: namespaced name of the secret containing infrastructure roles with user names, passwords and role membership.

  • infrastructure_roles_secrets array of infrastructure role definitions which reference existing secrets and specify the key names from which user name, password and role membership are extracted. For the ConfigMap this has to be a string which allows referencing only one infrastructure roles secret. The default is empty.

  • inherited_annotations list of annotation keys that can be inherited from the cluster manifest, and added to each child objects (Deployment, StatefulSet, Pod, PDB and Services) created by the operator incl. the ones from the connection pooler deployment. The default is empty.

  • pod_role_label name of the label assigned to the Postgres pods (and services/endpoints) by the operator. The default is spilo-role.

  • cluster_labels list of name:value pairs for additional labels assigned to the cluster objects. The default is application:spilo.

  • inherited_labels list of label keys that can be inherited from the cluster manifest, and added to each child objects (Deployment, StatefulSet, Pod, PVCs, PDB, Service, Endpoints and Secrets) created by the operator. Typical use case is to dynamically pass labels that are specific to a given Postgres cluster, in order to implement NetworkPolicy. The default is empty.

  • cluster_name_label name of the label assigned to Kubernetes objects created by the operator that indicates which cluster a given object belongs to. The default is cluster-name.

  • node_readiness_label a set of labels that a running and active node should possess to be considered ready. When the set is not empty, the operator assigns the nodeAffinity clause to the Postgres pods to be scheduled only on ready nodes. The default is empty.

  • node_readiness_label_merge If a nodeAffinity is also specified in the postgres cluster manifest it will get merged with the node_readiness_label affinity on the pods. The merge strategy can be configured - it can either be "AND" or "OR". See user docs for more details. Default is "OR".

  • toleration a dictionary that should contain key, operator, value and effect keys. In that case, the operator defines a pod toleration according to the values of those keys. See kubernetes documentation for details on taints and tolerations. The default is empty.

  • pod_environment_configmap namespaced name of the ConfigMap with environment variables to populate on every pod. All variables from that ConfigMap are injected to the pod's environment if they not if conflict with the environment variables generated by the operator. The WAL location (bucket path) can be overridden, though. The default is empty.

  • pod_environment_secret similar to pod_environment_configmap but referencing a secret with custom environment variables. Because the secret is not allowed to exist in a different namespace than a Postgres cluster you can only use it in a single namespace. The default is empty.

  • pod_priority_class_name a name of the priority class that should be assigned to the Postgres pods. The priority class itself must be defined in advance. Default is empty (use the default priority class).

  • spilo_runasuser sets the user ID which should be used in the container to run the process. This must be set to run the container without root. By default the container runs with root. This option only works for Spilo versions >= 1.6-p3.

  • spilo_runasgroup sets the group ID which should be used in the container to run the process. This must be set to run the container without root. By default the container runs with root. This option only works for Spilo versions >= 1.6-p3.

  • spilo_fsgroup the Persistent Volumes for the Spilo pods in the StatefulSet will be owned and writable by the group ID specified. This is required to run Spilo as a non-root process, but requires a custom Spilo image. Note the FSGroup of a Pod cannot be changed without recreating a new Pod.

  • spilo_privileged whether the Spilo container should run in privileged mode. Privileged mode is used for AWS volume resizing and not required if you don't need that capability. The default is false.

  • spilo_allow_privilege_escalation Controls whether a process can gain more privileges than its parent process. Required by cron which needs setuid. Without this parameter, certification rotation & backups will not be done. The default is true.

  • additional_pod_capabilities list of additional capabilities to be added to the postgres container's SecurityContext (e.g. SYS_NICE etc.). Please, make sure first that the PodSecruityPolicy allows the capabilities listed here. Otherwise, the container will not start. The default is empty.

  • master_pod_move_timeout The period of time to wait for the success of migration of master pods from an unschedulable node. The migration includes Patroni switchovers to respective replicas on healthy nodes. The situation where master pods still exist on the old node after this timeout expires has to be fixed manually. The default is 20 minutes.

  • enable_pod_antiaffinity toggles pod anti affinity on the Postgres pods, to avoid multiple pods of the same Postgres cluster in the same topology , e.g. node. The default is false.

  • pod_antiaffinity_topology_key override topology key for pod anti affinity. The default is kubernetes.io/hostname.

  • pod_antiaffinity_preferred_during_scheduling when scaling the number of pods beyond the available number of topology keys the anti affinity has to be configured to preferred during scheduling. The default is false which means the pod anti affinity will use requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution.

  • pod_management_policy specify the pod management policy of stateful sets of PG clusters. The default is ordered_ready, the second possible value is parallel.

  • enable_readiness_probe the operator can set a readiness probe on the statefulset for the database pods with InitialDelaySeconds: 6, PeriodSeconds: 10, TimeoutSeconds: 5, SuccessThreshold: 1 and FailureThreshold: 3. When enabling readiness probes it is recommended to switch the pod_management_policy to parallel to avoid unneccesary waiting times in case of multiple instances failing. The default is false.

  • storage_resize_mode defines how operator handles the difference between the requested volume size and the actual size. Available options are:

    1. ebs : operator resizes EBS volumes directly and executes resizefs within a pod
    2. pvc : operator only changes PVC definition
    3. off : disables resize of the volumes.
    4. mixed : operator uses AWS API to adjust size, throughput, and IOPS, and calls pvc change for file system resize Default is "pvc".

Kubernetes resource requests

This group allows you to configure resource requests for the Postgres pods. Those parameters are grouped under the postgres_pod_resources key in a CRD-based configuration.

  • default_cpu_request CPU request value for the Postgres containers, unless overridden by cluster-specific settings. Empty string or 0 disables the default.

  • default_memory_request memory request value for the Postgres containers, unless overridden by cluster-specific settings. Empty string or 0 disables the default.

  • default_cpu_limit CPU limits for the Postgres containers, unless overridden by cluster-specific settings. Empty string or 0 disables the default.

  • default_memory_limit memory limits for the Postgres containers, unless overridden by cluster-specific settings. Empty string or 0 disables the default.

  • max_cpu_request optional upper boundary for CPU request

  • max_memory_request optional upper boundary for memory request

  • min_cpu_limit hard CPU minimum what we consider to be required to properly run Postgres clusters with Patroni on Kubernetes.

  • min_memory_limit hard memory minimum what we consider to be required to properly run Postgres clusters with Patroni on Kubernetes.

Patroni options

Parameters configuring Patroni. In the CRD-based configuration they are grouped under the patroni key.

  • enable_patroni_failsafe_mode If enabled, Patroni copes with DCS outages by avoiding leader demotion. See the Patroni documentation here for more details. This feature is included since Patroni 3.0.0. Hence, check the container image in use if this feature is included in the used Patroni version. It can also be enabled cluster-wise with the failsafe_mode flag under the patroni section in the manifest. The default for the global config option is set to false.

Operator timeouts

This set of parameters define various timeouts related to some operator actions, affecting pod operations and CRD creation. In the CRD-based configuration resource_check_interval and resource_check_timeout have no effect, and the parameters are grouped under the timeouts key in the CRD-based configuration.

  • PatroniAPICheckInterval the interval between consecutive attempts waiting for the return of Patroni Api. The default is 1s.

  • PatroniAPICheckTimeout the timeout for a response from Patroni Api. The default is 5s.

  • resource_check_interval interval to wait between consecutive attempts to check for the presence of some Kubernetes resource (i.e. StatefulSet or PodDisruptionBudget). The default is 3s.

  • resource_check_timeout timeout when waiting for the presence of a certain Kubernetes resource (i.e. StatefulSet or PodDisruptionBudget) before declaring the operation unsuccessful. The default is 10m.

  • pod_label_wait_timeout timeout when waiting for the pod role and cluster labels. Bigger value gives Patroni more time to start the instance; smaller makes the operator detect possible issues faster. The default is 10m.

  • pod_deletion_wait_timeout timeout when waiting for the Postgres pods to be deleted when removing the cluster or recreating pods. The default is 10m.

  • ready_wait_interval the interval between consecutive attempts waiting for the postgresql CRD to be created. The default is 5s.

  • ready_wait_timeout the timeout for the complete postgresql CRD creation. The default is 30s.

Load balancer related options

Those options affect the behavior of load balancers created by the operator. In the CRD-based configuration they are grouped under the load_balancer key.

  • custom_service_annotations This key/value map provides a list of annotations that get attached to each service of a cluster created by the operator. If the annotation key is also provided by the cluster definition, the manifest value is used. Optional.

  • db_hosted_zone DNS zone for the cluster DNS name when the load balancer is configured for the cluster. Only used when combined with external-dns and with the cluster that has the load balancer enabled. The default is db.example.com.

  • enable_master_load_balancer toggles service type load balancer pointing to the master pod of the cluster. Can be overridden by individual cluster settings. The default is true.

  • enable_master_pooler_load_balancer toggles service type load balancer pointing to the master pooler pod of the cluster. Can be overridden by individual cluster settings. The default is false.

  • enable_replica_load_balancer toggles service type load balancer pointing to the replica pod(s) of the cluster. Can be overridden by individual cluster settings. The default is false.

  • enable_replica_pooler_load_balancer toggles service type load balancer pointing to the replica pooler pod(s) of the cluster. Can be overridden by individual cluster settings. The default is false.

  • external_traffic_policy defines external traffic policy for load balancers. Allowed values are Cluster (default) and Local.

  • master_dns_name_format defines the DNS name string template for the master load balancer cluster. The default is {cluster}.{namespace}.{hostedzone}, where {cluster} is replaced by the cluster name, {namespace} is replaced with the namespace and {hostedzone} is replaced with the hosted zone (the value of the db_hosted_zone parameter). The {team} placeholder can still be used, although it is not recommened because the team of a cluster can change. If the cluster name starts with the teamId it will also be part of the DNS, aynway. No other placeholders are allowed!

  • master_legacy_dns_name_format deprecated default master DNS template {cluster}.{team}.{hostedzone} as of pre v1.9.0. If cluster name starts with teamId then a second DNS entry will be created using the template defined here to provide backwards compatibility. The teamId prefix will be extracted from the clustername because it follows later in the DNS string. When using a customized master_dns_name_format make sure to define the legacy DNS format when switching to v1.9.0.

  • replica_dns_name_format defines the DNS name string template for the replica load balancer cluster. The default is {cluster}-repl.{namespace}.{hostedzone}, where {cluster} is replaced by the cluster name, {namespace} is replaced with the namespace and {hostedzone} is replaced with the hosted zone (the value of the db_hosted_zone parameter). The {team} placeholder can still be used, although it is not recommened because the team of a cluster can change. If the cluster name starts with the teamId it will also be part of the DNS, aynway. No other placeholders are allowed!

  • replica_legacy_dns_name_format deprecated default master DNS template {cluster}-repl.{team}.{hostedzone} as of pre v1.9.0. If cluster name starts with teamId then a second DNS entry will be created using the template defined here to provide backwards compatibility. The teamId prefix will be extracted from the clustername because it follows later in the DNS string. When using a customized master_dns_name_format make sure to define the legacy DNS format when switching to v1.9.0.

AWS or GCP interaction

The options in this group configure operator interactions with non-Kubernetes objects from Amazon Web Services (AWS) or Google Cloud Platform (GCP). They have no effect unless you are using either. In the CRD-based configuration those options are grouped under the aws_or_gcp key. Note the GCP integration is not yet officially supported.

  • wal_s3_bucket S3 bucket to use for shipping WAL segments with WAL-E. A bucket has to be present and accessible by Postgres pods. At the moment, supported services by Spilo are S3 and GCS. The default is empty.

  • wal_gs_bucket GCS bucket to use for shipping WAL segments with WAL-E. A bucket has to be present and accessible by Postgres pods. Note, only the name of the bucket is required. At the moment, supported services by Spilo are S3 and GCS. The default is empty.

  • gcp_credentials Used to set the GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable for the pods. This is used in with conjunction with the additional_secret_mount and additional_secret_mount_path to properly set the credentials for the spilo containers. This will allow users to use specific service accounts. The default is empty

  • wal_az_storage_account Azure Storage Account to use for shipping WAL segments with WAL-G. The storage account must exist and be accessible by Postgres pods. Note, only the name of the storage account is required. The default is empty.

  • log_s3_bucket S3 bucket to use for shipping Postgres daily logs. Works only with S3 on AWS. The bucket has to be present and accessible by Postgres pods. The default is empty.

  • kube_iam_role AWS IAM role to supply in the iam.amazonaws.com/role annotation of Postgres pods. Only used when combined with kube2iam project on AWS. The default is empty.

  • aws_region AWS region used to store EBS volumes. The default is eu-central-1. Note, this option is not meant for specifying the AWS region for backups and restore, since it can be separate from the EBS region. You have to define AWS_REGION as a custom environment variable.

  • additional_secret_mount Additional Secret (aws or gcp credentials) to mount in the pod. The default is empty.

  • additional_secret_mount_path Path to mount the above Secret in the filesystem of the container(s). The default is empty.

  • enable_ebs_gp3_migration enable automatic migration on AWS from gp2 to gp3 volumes, that are smaller than the configured max size (see below). This ignores that EBS gp3 is by default only 125 MB/sec vs 250 MB/sec for gp2 >= 333GB. The default is false.

  • enable_ebs_gp3_migration_max_size defines the maximum volume size in GB until which auto migration happens. Default is 1000 (1TB) which matches 3000 IOPS.

Logical backup

These parameters configure a K8s cron job managed by the operator to produce Postgres logical backups. In the CRD-based configuration those parameters are grouped under the logical_backup key.

  • logical_backup_cpu_limit logical_backup_cpu_request logical_backup_memory_limit logical_backup_memory_request Resource configuration for pod template in logical backup cron job. If empty default values from postgres_pod_resources will be used.

  • logical_backup_docker_image An image for pods of the logical backup job. The example image runs pg_dumpall on a replica if possible and uploads compressed results to an S3 bucket under the key /<configured-s3-bucket-prefix>/<pg_cluster_name>/<cluster_k8s_uuid>/logical_backups. The default image is the same image built with the Zalando-internal CI pipeline. Default: "ghcr.io/zalando/postgres-operator/logical-backup:v1.13.0"

  • logical_backup_google_application_credentials Specifies the path of the google cloud service account json file. Default is empty.

  • logical_backup_job_prefix The prefix to be prepended to the name of a k8s CronJob running the backups. Beware the prefix counts towards the name length restrictions imposed by k8s. Empty string is a legitimate value. Operator does not do the actual renaming: It simply creates the job with the new prefix. You will have to delete the old cron job manually. Default: "logical-backup-".

  • logical_backup_provider Specifies the storage provider to which the backup should be uploaded (s3, gcs or az). Default: "s3"

  • logical_backup_azure_storage_account_name Storage account name used to upload logical backups to when using Azure. Default: ""

  • logical_backup_azure_storage_container Storage container used to upload logical backups to when using Azure. Default: ""

  • logical_backup_azure_storage_account_key Storage account key used to authenticate with Azure when uploading logical backups. Default: ""

  • logical_backup_s3_access_key_id When set, value will be in AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID env variable. The Default is empty.

  • logical_backup_s3_bucket S3 bucket to store backup results. The bucket has to be present and accessible by Postgres pods. Default: empty.

  • logical_backup_s3_bucket_prefix S3 bucket prefix to use in configured bucket. Default: "spilo"

  • logical_backup_s3_endpoint When using non-AWS S3 storage, endpoint can be set as a ENV variable. The default is empty.

  • logical_backup_s3_region Specifies the region of the bucket which is required with some non-AWS S3 storage services. The default is empty.

  • logical_backup_s3_secret_access_key When set, value will be in AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY env variable. The Default is empty.

  • logical_backup_s3_sse Specify server side encryption that S3 storage is using. If empty string is specified, no argument will be passed to aws s3 command. Default: "AES256".

  • logical_backup_s3_retention_time Specify a retention time for logical backups stored in S3. Backups older than the specified retention time will be deleted after a new backup was uploaded. If empty, all backups will be kept. Example values are "3 days", "2 weeks", or "1 month". The default is empty.

  • logical_backup_schedule Backup schedule in the cron format. Please take the reference schedule format into account. Default: "30 00 * * *"

  • logical_backup_cronjob_environment_secret Reference to a Kubernetes secret, which keys will be added as environment variables to the cronjob. Default: ""

Debugging the operator

Options to aid debugging of the operator itself. Grouped under the debug key.

  • debug_logging boolean parameter that toggles verbose debug logs from the operator. The default is true.

  • enable_database_access boolean parameter that toggles the functionality of the operator that require access to the Postgres database, i.e. creating databases and users. The default is true.

Automatic creation of human users in the database

Options to automate creation of human users with the aid of the teams API service. In the CRD-based configuration those are grouped under the teams_api key.

  • enable_teams_api boolean parameter that toggles usage of the Teams API by the operator. The default is true.

  • teams_api_url contains the URL of the Teams API service. There is a demo implementation. The default is https://teams.example.com/api/.

  • team_api_role_configuration Postgres parameters to apply to each team member role. The default is 'log_statement:all'. It is possible to supply multiple options, separating them by commas. Options containing commas within the value are not supported, with the exception of the search_path. For instance:

    teams_api_role_configuration: "log_statement:all,search_path:'data,public'"

    The default is "log_statement:all"

  • enable_team_superuser whether to grant superuser to members of the cluster's owning team created from the Teams API. The default is false.

  • team_admin_role role name to grant to team members created from the Teams API. The default is admin, that role is created by Spilo as a NOLOGIN role.

  • enable_admin_role_for_users if true, the team_admin_role will have the rights to grant roles coming from PG manifests. Such roles will be created as in "CREATE ROLE 'role_from_manifest' ... ADMIN 'team_admin_role'". The default is true.

  • pam_role_name when set, the operator will add all team member roles to this group and add a pg_hba line to authenticate members of that role via pam. The default is zalandos.

  • pam_configuration when set, should contain a URL to use for authentication against the username and the token supplied as the password. Used in conjunction with pam_oauth2 module. The default is https://info.example.com/oauth2/tokeninfo?access_token= uid realm=/employees.

  • protected_role_names List of roles that cannot be overwritten by an application, team or infrastructure role. The default list is admin and cron_admin.

  • postgres_superuser_teams List of teams which members need the superuser role in each PG database cluster to administer Postgres and maintain infrastructure built around it. The default is empty.

  • role_deletion_suffix defines a suffix that - when enable_team_member_deprecation is set to true - will be appended to database role names of team members that were removed from either the team in the Teams API or a PostgresTeam custom resource (additionalMembers). When re-added, the operator will rename roles with the defined suffix back to the original role name. The default is _deleted.

  • enable_team_member_deprecation if true database roles of former team members will be renamed by appending the configured role_deletion_suffix and LOGIN privilege will be revoked. The default is false.

  • enable_postgres_team_crd toggle to make the operator watch for created or updated PostgresTeam CRDs and create roles for specified additional teams and members. The default is false.

  • enable_postgres_team_crd_superusers in a PostgresTeam CRD additional superuser teams can assigned to teams that own clusters. With this flag set to false, it will be ignored. The default is false.

Logging and REST API

Parameters affecting logging and REST API listener. In the CRD-based configuration they are grouped under the logging_rest_api key.

  • api_port REST API listener listens to this port. The default is 8080.

  • ring_log_lines number of lines in the ring buffer used to store cluster logs. The default is 100.

  • cluster_history_entries number of entries in the cluster history ring buffer. The default is 1000.

Scalyr options (deprecated)

Those parameters define the resource requests/limits and properties of the scalyr sidecar. In the CRD-based configuration they are grouped under the scalyr key. Note, that this section is deprecated. Instead, define Scalyr as a global sidecar under the sidecars key in the configuration.

  • scalyr_api_key API key for the Scalyr sidecar. The default is empty.

  • scalyr_image Docker image for the Scalyr sidecar. The default is empty.

  • scalyr_server_url server URL for the Scalyr sidecar. The default is https://upload.eu.scalyr.com.

  • scalyr_cpu_request CPU request value for the Scalyr sidecar. The default is 100m.

  • scalyr_memory_request Memory request value for the Scalyr sidecar. The default is 50Mi.

  • scalyr_cpu_limit CPU limit value for the Scalyr sidecar. The default is 1.

  • scalyr_memory_limit Memory limit value for the Scalyr sidecar. The default is 500Mi.

Connection pooler configuration

Parameters are grouped under the connection_pooler top-level key and specify default configuration for connection pooler, if a postgres manifest requests it but do not specify some of the parameters. All of them are optional with the operator being able to provide some reasonable defaults.

  • connection_pooler_number_of_instances How many instances of connection pooler to create. Default is 2 which is also the required minimum.

  • connection_pooler_schema Database schema to create for credentials lookup function to be used by the connection pooler. Is is created in every database of the Postgres cluster. You can also choose an existing schema. Default schema is pooler.

  • connection_pooler_user User to create for connection pooler to be able to connect to a database. You can also choose an existing role, but make sure it has the LOGIN privilege. Default role is pooler.

  • connection_pooler_image Docker image to use for connection pooler deployment. Default: "registry.opensource.zalan.do/acid/pgbouncer"

  • connection_pooler_max_db_connections How many connections the pooler can max hold. This value is divided among the pooler pods. Default is 60 which will make up 30 connections per pod for the default setup with two instances.

  • connection_pooler_mode Default pooler mode, session or transaction. Default is transaction.

  • connection_pooler_default_cpu_request connection_pooler_default_memory_reques connection_pooler_default_cpu_limit connection_pooler_default_memory_limit Default resource configuration for connection pooler deployment.